- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
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A novel fiber Bragg grating system for eye tracking
摘要： Eye movement evaluation is vital for diagnosis of various ophthalmological and neurological disorders. The present study proposes a novel, noninvasive, wearable device to acquire the eye movement based on a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensor. The proposed Fiber Bragg Grating Eye Tracker (FBGET) can capture the displacement of the eyeball during its movements in the form of strain variations on a cantilever. The muscular displacement generated by the eyeball over the lower eyelid, by its swiveling action while moving the gaze on a target object, is converted into strain variations on a cantilever. The developed FBGET is investigated for dynamic tracking of the eye- gaze movement for various actions of the eye such as fixations, saccades and main sequence. This approach was validated by recording the eye movement using the developed FBGET as well as conventional camera-based eye tracker methodology simultaneously. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and the real-time applicability of the proposed FBGET as an eye tracking device. In conclusion, the present study illustrates a novel methodology involving displacement of lower eyelid for eye tracking application along with the employment of FBG sensors to carry out the same. The proposed FBGET can be utilized in both clinical and hospital environment for diagnostic purposes owing to its advantages of wear-ability and ease of implementation making it a point of care device
关键词： Eye Tracker,Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor,Eye muscular movement detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer for Cost-Effective Wireless Sensor Networks using Frequency-Scanned Beaming
摘要： A simple adaptive 1D frequency-s scanning method is proposed for radiative Wireless Power Transfer (RWPT) systems in low-power Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). As a proof of concept, a directive leaky-wave antenna that scans 1 W output RF power in the angular range from ±10° at 2.4 GHz to ±37° at 2.5 GHz, is used to power a WSN covering an area of 1.2 m x 1.2 m. It is shown that, using a frequency-scanned antenna, a wider area than using a non-scanned directive antenna can be powered without additional expensive equipment. The WPT protocol is described, showing that any sensor in the WSN can select the optimum transmission channel in the 2.4 GHz band, based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements, as the coordinator performs a scheduled frequency hopping phase. This maximizes the WPT beaming efficiency and thus the transferred DC power. The optimum channel selection can be performed periodically, which makes the system robust against channel state changes.
关键词： radiative wireless power transfer,Adaptive beaming,frequency-scanned antennas,wireless sensor network
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Nano lily-buds garden like ZnO nanostructures based gas sensor for H2 detection
摘要： Nano lily-buds (NL-buds) garden like ZnO nanostructure synthesized by simple single step thermal decomposition method. XRD result confirmed the hexagonal (Wurtzite phase) crystal structure, and FESEM micrograph shows that the formation of NL-buds like ZnO nanostructure. The chemical states and elemental composition of the elements were studied using XPS and EDS respectively. The maximum sensitivity ~178 was recorded for ZnO sample at 180 oC for 80 ppm of H2 exposure with a fast response time of the order of ～1-2 s. ZnO NL-buds sensor attained a reversible, and high response towards H2 gas signifying it as a potential candidate for H2 sensor application.
关键词： ZnO,H2 sensor,Nano lily-buds
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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On-chip sensor solution for hydrogen gas detection with the anodic niobium-oxide nanorod arrays
摘要： Two types of anodic niobium-oxide nanofilms were synthesized via anodization of an Al/Nb bilayer sputter-deposited onto a SiO2-coated Si wafer. Type I nanofilm was composed of a 200 nm thick NbO2 layer holding the upright-standing 650 nm long, 50 nm wide, and 70 nm spaced Nb2O5 nanorods, of 7·109 cm?2 density, whereas the Type II nanofilm had similarly long but bigger Nb2O5 nanorods, 100 nm wide, 220 nm spaced, and of 8·108 cm?2 density, aligned directly on a niobium metal without any buffering oxide layer, which was achieved for the first time. Each film was then incorporated in an advanced 3-D architecture and multilayer layout on a silicon chip comprising 33 microsensors, with variable sizes and tuned electrical characteristics, by combining the high-temperature vacuum or air annealing, sputter-deposition, and lift-off photolithography to form Pt/NiCr top electrodes and a multifunctional SiO2 interlayer, chemical etching, laser dicing, and ultrasonic wire-bonding. The proposed on-chip sensor solution allowed for a sensitive, fast, and highly selective (toward NH3 and CH4) detection of hydrogen gas. Comprehensive gas sensing tests performed for Type II nanofilm ultimately confirmed the presence of a Schottky-type sensing mechanism, the contribution, however, being substantially weaker than that due to reactions over the surface of the oxide nanorods, especially when the rods show a transition from fully to partially depleted states when interacting with H2 gas. The film formation and chip fabrication technologies may be transferable to other PAA-assisted 1-dimensional metal-oxide nanomaterials suitable for on-chip gas sensing.
关键词： niobium oxide nanorods,anodic alumina,hydrogen,Schottky barrier,anodizing,on-chip sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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All-optical graphene-oxide humidity sensor based on a side-polished symmetrical twin-core fiber Michelson interferometer
摘要： A high-sensitive graphene-oxide (GO) humidity sensor based on a side-polished twin-core fiber (SPTCF) Michelson interferometer (MI) has been demonstrated. The MI was fabricated by splicing a section of TCF to a standard single mode fiber (SMF) and tapering the splicing point. The exposed polished core has a stronger evanescent field and enhances the interaction between light and external environment. The GO-SPTCFMI can operate in the wavelength- and intensity- modulated sensor. The super-high humidity sensitivities of ~2.72 nm/RH% in the RH range of 40-75% and ~3.76 dB/RH% in the RH range of 60-62.1% are obtained experimentally. The high-performance GO-SPTCFMI is a promising candidate for potential applications, such as gas sensing and biochemical detection.
关键词： side-polished fiber,graphene oxide,Humidity sensor,twin core fiber,interferometer.
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Photonics (EExPolytech) - Saint Petersburg, Russia (2018.10.22-2018.10.23)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Photonics (EExPolytech) - Study of Oxyfluoride Glasses with Silver Molecular Clusters for Application in Sensoric and Optoelectronics
摘要： Temperature sensitivity of Oxyfluoride glasses with molecular silver clusters and samarium ions were studied. The experimental procedure for obtaining luminescence spectra at various temperatures is described. The perspective of using oxyfluoride glasses in fiber-optic temperature sensors is considered.
关键词： sensitive element,luminescence,Fiber-optical temperature sensor,oxyfluoride glass,spectrum,molecular clusters of silver
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC) - Bucharest, Romania (2018.10.29-2018.10.31)] 2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC) - Android Fingerprint Sensor: Pitfalls and Challenges
摘要： In the last four years, the number of smartphones capable to read user fingerprints in order to perform authorization and authentication has tripled. Also, after the introduction of biometric payment services, fingerprint scanner driven authentication became more popular and the variety of smartphones equipped with this kind of sensor multiplied. However, the implementation methods are directly handled by manufacturers, who are often making decisions under the pressure of a short time-to-market. Starting from these facts, scholars and industry leading experts started to research the documentation in order to analyze the privacy and security flaws of the existing implementations. the assessment of Android good practice advises has revealed that some devices were not compliant, due to the fact that architecture could be attacked by an adversary both from the external world and by using malicious applications. Most common types of attacks against fingerprint authentication which could be demonstrated were aiming either to confuse the user in order to perform a malicious operation without a proper context or by employing custom-made molds of the user thumb minutiae. This paper analyses former and current issues affecting the fingerprint authentication in mobile devices powered by the Android operating system.
关键词： Android operating system,fingerprint sensor,security flaws
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - Vladivostok, Russia (2018.10.3-2018.10.4)] 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - Modeling of the Magneto-Optical Channel of a Fiber-Optic Displacement Sensor
摘要： According to earlier studies conducted by the authors it was found that contactless fiber-optic sensors based on the magneto-optical Faraday effect (FOSF) in epitaxial films of iron garnet can be used for contactless monitoring of the status of control plate valves that regulate the flow of fire and explosion hazardous substances and operate over a wide temperature range. FOSF makes it possible to control the displacement and tilt angle of the valve regulating element (valve plate). However, at the moment there are no sufficiently accurate mathematical models for such FOSF. Studies have shown that the discrepancy between simulation results and experiments can reach 105%. The discrepancy between the results increases significantly when the FOSF is operated in a wide temperature range (from minus 196 to +80 °C). The low accuracy of the FOSF models does not make it possible to develop efficient means of compensating its intrinsic and complementary errors. The existing FOSF models are not sufficiently accurate, since they do not take into account: the distribution of the normal component of the magnetic field strength along the magneto-optical element (MOE) cross-section; the distribution of the optical radiation intensity along the MOE cross-section; optical absorption of the FOSF optical elements. According to the results of research carried out by the authors a set of mathematical models that takes into account the nonuniform distribution of the optical radiation intensity along the MOE cross-section, the nonuniform distribution of normal component of the magnetic field strength along the MOE cross-section, the optical absorption in FOSF optical elements and their temperature dependences was developed. This allowed us to significantly reduce the modelling error. The discrepancy between the results of mathematical modeling and experimental studies of FOSF prototypes does not exceed 7.2%.
关键词： control valve,contactless fiber optic sensor,mathematical model,fire and explosion safety,Faraday effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 3rd Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC) - Chongqing, China (2018.10.12-2018.10.14)] 2018 IEEE 3rd Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC) - Dissolved Oxygen Detection Based on Light-to-Frequency Conversion
摘要： In the detection of dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration based on the principle of fluorescence quenching, fluorescence intensity detection generally relies on high-precision instruments, extra amplifier circuits and filter circuits at present, which make the detection cost high and the structure complex. In order to reduce the detection cost, simplify the structure of the detection system and improve the stability of the detection, a method of directly detecting the fluorescence intensity using the light-to-frequency proportional conversion characteristics of TCS3200 sensor was proposed and a DO concentration detection system was designed subsequently. The linear relationship between the output frequency of the sensor and the DO concentration was studied and established, based on which the sample DO concentration can be calculated by using the frequency value collected in the detection system accordingly. The experimental results show that the relative error (RE) between the measured DO concentration and the standard value of the sample is less than 5%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the sample data is less than 2%, both of which meet the requirements of accuracy and precision respectively. At the same time, the detection system avoids complicated circuits and its structure is simple, and has the merit of strong anti-interference ability, low cost and high precision.
关键词： TCS3200 sensor,fluorescence intensity,DO,frequency
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE SENSORS - New Delhi, India (2018.10.28-2018.10.31)] 2018 IEEE SENSORS - A Flexible Room Temperature Ammonia Sensor Based on Large Area, Transparent Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Thin Film
摘要： A low-temperature, wet-chemical process for the synthesis of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) films on large area, transparent, flexible substrates were developed and its application to ammonia detection at room temperature were demonstrated. The carboxyl groups were attached in the sidewalls of carbon nanotubes due to wet-chemical process which helps to improve the sensor performance. The transmittance measurement showed that the film is ninety percent transparent to visible spectrum with respect to air. Selectivity measurements were also performed. The sensor responses were same for both the fat and bend film. The present SWCNTs based sensors could potentially be used to develop low cost, flexible, foldable and disposable sensor system for the monitoring of toxic gases like ammonia in environment.
关键词： functionalized SWCNTs,ammonia sensor,Flexible gas sensor,room temperature,gas sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29