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Visible-Light Induced Photodegradation of Organic Contaminants in Water Using Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Modified Polypyrrole/Fly Ash Cenosphere Composite
摘要： Ternary nano-composites of polypyrrole/iron oxide/fly ash cenosphere (PPY/Fe3O4/FAC) were synthesized and used as magnetic photocatalyst. The synergistic effect of FAC, a buoyant carrier and polypyrrole, a conducting polymer enhanced the photocatalytic activity. Different composites were synthesized by varying the concentration of Fe3O4 and FAC to evaluate its effect on the photocatalytic properties of composites. The presence of Fe in Fe2+ and Fe3+ oxidation states at binding energies of 709.3 and 711.4 eV respectively was depicted by XPS curve. PPY/Fe3O4/FAC (1 : 3) composite showed the highest photocatalytic activity with rate constant (k) 0.0058 min–1. The removal efficiency of BPA was found to be around 75% and ~62% total organic content (TOC) was eliminated at optimized conditions from the solution. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the cluster morphology of the PPY/Fe3O4/FAC nano-composites with ~6–10 nm size of Fe3O4. X-ray diffraction studies elucidated the characteristic peaks of both PPY and Fe3O4 at 2θ ~ 20°–30°, and 26.04°, respectively in the composites which also confirmed the interaction of PPY with Fe3O4.
关键词： photo-degradation,polypyrrole,XPS,Fe3O4,fly ash cenosphere
更新于2025-11-21 11:18:25
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Fabrication of oxidized graphite supported La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite for the photoremediation of toxic fast green dye
摘要： The dyes are one of major pollutants discharged to water bodies without any premeditation. Their undesirable detection in aqueous bodies has created a menace as they tend to disturb the complete aquatic ecosystem by directly hindering the photosynthetic process of aquatic flora. Thus pre and post discharge remediation of these dyes are of immense significance. In the present study, novel OG/La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite having high photocatalytic ability was prepared by co-precipitation method. Visible photocatalytic ability of the nanocomposite was employed for the degradation of fast green dye as a target pollutant. The OG/La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite was well characterized using various techniques as FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS etc. The nanocomposite also exhibited adsorption capability due to the presence of oxidized graphite (OG) sheets those provided high surface area for the fast green molecules to get adsorb onto them. High degradation efficiency (89%) was obtained within 90 minutes of visible light irradiation. Effect of pH, photocatalyst amount and light intensity was also studied. Superoxide and hydroxyl radicals; were found to be the major reacting species as confirmed by the scavenging studies. Furthermore, OG/La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite exhibited high reusability interpreting the nanocomposite as a proficient photocatalyst with active utilization for treating industrial waste water.
关键词： Fast green dye,Metal- oxides,Oxidized graphite,Photo-degradation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Synthesis, Characterization of SiO2/TiO2 and SiO2/Al2O3 Nano-Composites for the Photo-Degradation of Acid Brown- 43 dye with Irradiation of Solar Light
摘要： In this study we have found that photo degradation of Acid brown- 43 dye with irradiation Solar light Using synthesized SiO2/ TiO2 and SiO2/Al2O3 Nano-composites which prepared by chemical precipitation technique using microwave irradiation. The structure and morphology of SiO2/TiO2 and SiO2/Al2O3) Nano composites were characterized by SEM, EDAX & TEM analysis. The similarities in photo degradation mechanism, SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 have as good as band gap energy, and possess worthy standing as photo-catalysts. SiO2/TiO2 and SiO2/Al2O3 nanoparticles have large surface area and thus provide a large number of active sites for interaction among the particles of different oxides. This synthesized Nano-composites of SiO2/TiO2 and SiO2/Al2O3 photo-catalyst sample showed tremendous photo-catalytic activity for the degradation of Acid Blue-43 under direct exposure to solar irradiation with respect to exposed time and dose of Nano-composites.
关键词： Acid brown–43,Photo-degradation,solar irradiation,Nano-composite
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Durable organic solar cells produced by <i>in situ</i> encapsulation of an air-sensitive natural organic semiconductor by the fullerene derivative and the metal oxide layer
摘要： β-carotene (bCar) is a natural organic semiconductor that photo-degrades within a few minutes when exposed to sunlight in ambient conditions and that can be employed as electron donor in organic solar cell (OSC) active layers. Its fast photo-degradation kinetics make bCar an ideal molecule to study strategies to improve the durability of OSCs. Mixing bCar with [6,6]-Phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) in a 1:4 ratio considerably delays the bCar photo-bleaching to produce thin films that are relatively stable when exposed to sunlight for more than an hour. Furthermore, when coated with OSC top electrodes, these active layers exhibit an even stronger resistance again photo-oxidation. Despite the easily photo-oxidized nature of bCar, the resulting bCar:PC71BM OSCs maintain their photovoltaic performances for over 6 months without additional encapsulation and display high thermal stability. In fact, the binary bCar:PC71BM active layers with a large relative concentration of PC71BM exhibit a longer operational stability than reference air-stable active layers in the organic photovoltaic field, namely, poly(2,7-carbazole-alt-dithienylbenzothiadiazole):PC71BM active layers prepared with the same electron donor to PC71BM ratio (1:4). The superior durability of bCar OSCs compared to PCDTBT ones can be ascribed to their higher morphological stability which is associated with lower mixing energies in small molecule:fullerene systems with respect to polymer:fullerene ones. Our results thus indicate that small molecule donors combined with PC71BM into active layers have a high potential to produce OSCs that simultaneously achieve high power conversion efficiencies and durability.
关键词： durability,β-carotene,photo-degradation,organic solar cells,morphological stability,PC71BM
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Simulated photo-degradation of dissolved organic matter in lakes revealed by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix with regional integration and parallel factor analysis
摘要： Simulated photo-degradation of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in Lake Baihua (BH) and Lake Hongfeng (HF) was investigated with three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3DEEM) fluorescence combined with the fluorescence regional integration (FRI), parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, and multi-order kinetic models. In the FRI analysis, fulvic-like and humic-like materials were the main constituents for both BH-FDOM and HF-FDOM. Four individual components were identified by use of PARAFAC analysis as humic-like components (C1), fulvic-like components (C2), protein-like components (C3) and unidentied components (C4). The maximum 3DEEM fluorescence intensity of PARAFAC components C1eC3 decreased by about 60%, 70% and 90%, respectively after photo-degradation. The multi-order kinetic model was acceptable to represent the photo-degradation of FDOM with correlation coefficient (Radj2) (0.963e0.998). The photo-degradation rate constants (kn) showed differences of three orders of magnitude, from 1.09(cid:1) 10(cid:3)6 to 4.02 (cid:1) 10(cid:3)4 min(cid:3)1, and half-life of multi-order model (Tn1=2) ranged from 5.26 to 64.01 min. The decreased values of fluorescence index (FI) and biogenic index (BI), the fact that of percent fluorescence response parameter of Region I (PI,n) showed the greatest change ratio, followed by percent fluorescence response parameter of Region II (PII,n), while the largest decrease ratio was found for C3 components, and the lowest Tn1=2 was observed for C3, indicated preferential degradation of protein-like materials/components derived from biological sources during photo-degradation. This research on the degradation of FDOM by 3DEEM/FRI-PARAFAC would be beneficial to understanding the photo-degradation of FDOM in natural environments and accurately predicting the environmental behaviors of contaminants in the presence of FDOM.
关键词： Fluorescence regional integration,Parallel factor analysis,Photo-degradation,Fluorescent dissolved organic matter,Multi-order kinetic models,Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Preparation of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Salvia Macrosiphon Boiss seeds Extract and Investigation of Their Photo-catalytic Activities
摘要： Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) with desired particle size and spherical morphology were prepared from cerium nitrate in bio media of Salvia macrosiphon Boiss seeds extract, as a green synthesis route. Then they were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopies, FESEM and TGA. Band gap energy of the prepared powders was also determined which was found in the range of 2.5 to 3.5 eV. Determination of DLS and zeta potential were showed that CNPs had small size and unique colloidal stability, respectively. Then the photo-catalytic activity of them was investigated by degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye as a model of waste water pollutants, under UV-irradiation and optimum conditions were evaluated. Results showed that decreasing the particle size increased the rate of photo-catalytic reaction remarkably but ascending the band gap energy, in contrast. The photo-catalytic mechanism was also studied by using different scavengers.
关键词： Rhodamine B,Cerium Oxide nanoparticles,Dye,Green synthesis,Photo-degradation,Salvia seeds extract
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Small lanthanide-doped Sr2YbF7 nanocrystals: Upconversion fluorescence and upconversion-driven photodegradation
摘要： A series of lanthanide-doped Sr2YbF7 nanocrystals were prepared conveniently via a solvothermal method using oleic acid as the stabilizing agent, which were about 15 nm of the average crystalline size at 200 °C and 24 h. Through screening the doped lanthanide ions and their concentrations, we found that the nanocrystals realized intense ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared upconversion emissions under 980 nm excitation. Based on the photo-physical property of the nanocrystals, we built the hybrid Sr2YbF7: Tm3+@TiO2 to successfully realize upconversion-driven photo-degradation of Rhodamine B, in which semiconducting TiO2 took advantage of the light emitted by Sr2YbF7: Tm3+ to produce the electron-hole pairs.
关键词： Upconversion,Photo-degradation,Sr2YbF7 nanocrystals
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Synthesis of ZnO:TiO2 nanocomposites for photocatalyst application in visible light
摘要： xZnO:(1-x)TiO2 (x=1.0, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.0) nanocomposites powder were synthesized by sol- gel method. The X-ray diffraction results have shown a mixed phase of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. The average crystallite size was found in the range of 20 to 45 nm. The absorbance of ZnO:TiO2 nanocomposite powder was measured in the wavelength range from 350 to 800 nm and the optical bandgap was varied from 3.30 to 3.10 eV. The ZnO:TiO2 nanocomposites were investigated for their adaptability to degrade organic methyle blue dye under the influence of visible light. ZnO:TiO2 nanocomposite powder exhibit better absorption of visible light and generates more number of electron hole pairs. The photodegradation was increased from 75 to 90% with the varying of x from 1.0 to 0.4. For futher studies of the photocatalyst, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand were used for examining the consumption of oxygen in the dye with catalyst. The ZnO:TiO2 nanocomposites powder shows a better adaptability in photocatalytic applications under visible light as compared to other metal oxide nanocomposites.
关键词： Chemical oxygen demand,Biological oxygen demand,Nanocomposites,Photo degradation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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An affordable photocatalyst for pharmaceuticals and superior electro catalyst for methanol oxidation - A dual role by CuWO4 anchored bentonite clay
摘要： In this present study, we developed a novel bentonite loaded CuWO4 nanoparticles (BEN-CuWO4 NPs) through the simple hydrothermal method. The as-prepared BEN-CuWO4 NPs was systematically characterized by various spectroscopic techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), DRS-UV visible spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Photoluminescence (PL) techniques. For the first time, the BEN-CuWO4 NPs were utilized as a bifunctional catalyst for the photodegradation of Diclofenac sodium (DFS) and electrooxidation of methanol. More distinctively, the BEN-CuWO4 NPs exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity could degrades above 94% DFS solution under visible light illumination with superior stability. Further, BEN-CuWO4 NPs portrayed superior electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol when compared to the pristine CuWO4. In addition, Impedance studies revealed that the BEN-CuWO4 NPs holds the tremendous dielectrical properties. This present investigation opens a new door way for the synthesis of multifunctional nanostructured materials for practical energy and environmental applications.
关键词： Photo degradation,Electrochemical studies,Bentonite clay,Copper tungstate,Hydrothermal,Diclofenac sodium
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Enhanced Photoresponsive Graphene oxide-modified g-C3N4 for Disassembly of Amyloid β Fibrils
摘要： Protein misfolding and abnormal self-assembly lead to the aggregates of oligomer, fibrils, or senior amyloid β plaques, which is associated with the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. Progressive cerebral accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) was widely proposed to explain the cause of Alzheimer's disease, for which one promising direction of preclinical study is to convert the pre-formed β-sheet structure of amyloid β aggregates into innocent structures. However, the conversion is even harder than the modulation of amyloidosis process. Herein, graphene oxide/carbon nitride (GO/g-C3N4) composite was developed as a good photocatalyst for irreversibly disassembling the amyloid β aggregates of Aβ (33-42) under UV. Quartz crystal microbalance, circular dichroism spectrum, atomic force microscopy, fluorescent spectra, and mechanical property analysis were performed to analyze this photo-degradation process from different aspects for fully understanding the mechanism, which may provide an important enlightenment for the relevant research in this field and neurodegenerative disease study.
关键词： Neurodegenerative disease,Amyloid β disassembly,Quartz crystal microbalance,Atomic force microscopy,Photo-degradation
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14