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An Influence of the Module Structure on Reliability of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
摘要： To investigate the influence of the difference in module structures on the degradation of crystalline silicon solar cells, two different photovoltaic modules were fabricated, and a high-temperature and high-humidity test was carried out. The degradation modes of these modules were compared to each other using electrical characteristics and electroluminescence images. Degradation of outputs occurred in both modules, and different degradation modes were confirmed by electroluminescence images. The difference in degradation modes between these modular structures could be due to the difference in concentration distribution attributable to the moisture and acetic acid generated from the encapsulant inside the module.
关键词： Moisture Ingress,Metallization,Damp Heat Test,Corrosion,Aluminum,Photovoltaic Module,Silver Paste
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - An Energy Balance Model for CPV Module Lens and Cell Temperature
摘要： A simpli?ed thermal model of a typical high-concentration photovoltaic module is presented. The one dimensional model calculates the optical lens, solar cell, and backplate temperatures in a single concentrator assembly, accounting for radiative, convective, and conductive heat transfer modes. Using representative system parameters, the calculated temperatures compared well with results from an independently veri?ed empirical model based on measured system test data.
关键词： thermal model,concentrating photovoltaics,cell temperature,performance modeling,photovoltaic module model
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Effect of Peak Temperature and Ramp Rate on Thermal-Cycling Results of PV Modules
摘要： Extended thermal cycling was carried out on commercial crystalline silicon solar cell modules with four different temperature profiles. The standard profile followed IEC 61215-2:2016 MQT 11, cycling between the standard temperature range from -45 and 85°C, with the standard ramp rate of 100°C/hr. A high-peak profile cycled between -45 and 100°C, with the standard ramp rate. A fast-ramp profile cycled the standard temperature range, with a faster ~180°C/hr ramp rate. Finally, a high-peak-and-fast-ramp profile cycled the extended temperature range (-45 to 100°C) with the faster ramp rate (~180°C/hr). STC power measurements were obtained after every 100 cycles. Our results show that the peak temperature has a statistically significant effect on the power loss, and that the effect can be explained with the Coffin-Manson-style relationship proposed in IEC 62892.
关键词： photovoltaic module,thermal cycling
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Analysis of Photovoltaic String Failure and Health Monitoring with Module Fault Identification
摘要： In this paper, photovoltaic (PV) string failure analysis and health monitoring of PV modules based on a low-cost self-powered wireless sensor network (WSN) are presented. Simple and effective fault detection and diagnosis method based on the real-time operating voltage of PV modules is proposed. The proposed method is verified using the developed health monitoring system which is installed in a grid-connected PV system. Each of the PV modules is monitored via WSN to detect any individual faulty module. The analysis of PV string failure includes several electrical fault scenarios and their impact on the PV string characteristics. The results show that a degraded or faulty module exhibits low operating voltage as compared to the normal module. The developed health monitoring system also includes a graphical user interface (GUI) program which graphically displays the real-time operating voltage of each module with colors and thus helping users to identify the faulty modules easily. The faulty modules identification approach is further validated using the PV module electroluminescence (EL) imaging system.
关键词： photovoltaic module fault detection,health monitoring,Internet of Things,photovoltaic string,graphical user interface,self-powered wireless sensor network
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Effect of Industrial Dust Deposition on Photovoltaic Module Performance: Experimental Measurements in the Tropical Region
摘要： Dust particle accumulation affects outdoor photovoltaic module transmittance of solar cell glazing and thus leads to significant degradation of conversion efficiency owing to lower irradiance reaching the surface. In this study, the sensitivity of the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic module towards industrial dust deposition was experimentally investigated under the tropical climatic condition of Arusha, Tanzania. Dust involved in the study came from fertilizer, gypsum, aggregate crusher, and coal mine industries. The experimental measurements were outdoor conducted under 720 W/m2, 800 W/m2, and 900 W/m2 solar irradiances. Results indicated that dust accumulation on the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic module negatively affected output power as well as short-circuit current, however having no significant impact on open-circuit voltage. Maximum module efficiency loss was observed to be 64%, 42%, 30%, and 29% for coal, aggregate, gypsum, and organic fertilizer dust, respectively; hence, coal dust was the most effecting dust among the four. It was also demonstrated that PV module performance deteriorated with temperature rise owing to heat dissipation caused by dust accumulation.
关键词： dust deposition,photovoltaic module,industrial dust,tropical region,performance degradation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Newly developed thermoplastic polyolefin encapsulant–A potential candidate for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules encapsulation
摘要： Thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) is a newly developed non-crosslinking material for photovoltaic (PV) module lamination as an alternative to ethylene–vinyl-acetate (EVA) encapsulant. This article assesses its applicability as an encapsulant material. We report the results of various characterization tests for discoloration, optical, and thermal properties degradation before and after the UV accelerated test. To evaluate its weathering stability, the UV-365 acceleration test has been conducted on the glass to glass TPO laminate, with EVA as a benchmark. In 50 days of weatherability tests, the transmittance of EVA significantly reduced while TPO remained almost unchanged. The discoloration of TPO is around nine times slower than that of EVA. The analytical tools like Raman spectroscopy, fluorescent imaging, and spectra have been used to assess the degradation behavior, which indicates a clear difference between EVA and TPO based encapsulant. Thermal properties (glass and melt transitions) of TPO and EVA have been studied through heat-cool-heat cycle testing by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). This test confirmed that TPO thermal properties remain almost unchanged, whereas EVA shows significant changes after 50 days of UV exposure. In the thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) results, we found that TPO is stable till a significantly higher temperature than EVA. Additionally, the 180° peel adhesion test suggests that TPO has a higher adhesion strength than EVA. This work will help in understanding the applicability of newly developed non-crosslinking TPO as a potential replacement for EVA for the PV modules.
关键词： Thermoplastic polyolefin,Photovoltaic module,Encapsulant,Non-crosslinking,Ethylene-vinyl-acetate
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Study to improve the efficiency of c-Si material in photovoltaic power plant
摘要： In the present communication, comparison between performance of photovoltaic module with and without duct has been carried out. Different input parameters (namely, ambient air temperature, solar radiation wind speed etc.) have been considered for IIT, Delhi campus. Further, thermal modelling has been derived for the c-Si photovoltaic (PV) module alone and PV module with duct. Different parameters like outlet air temperature from duct and cell temperature have been calculated through MATLAB coding. Due to integration of duct, 3.89% and 125.74% increase in electrical output and equivalent thermal energy have been found in comparison to stand-alone PV module.
关键词： Power plant,Thermal modelling,Photovoltaic module,Equivalent thermal efficiency,Equivalent thermal energy
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS) - Tamilnadu, India (2019.4.11-2019.4.13)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Techniques in Control, Optimization and Signal Processing (INCOS) - Hardware and Software Co-emulation Technique based Solar Photovoltaic Sources Emulator
摘要： Photo-Voltaic (PV) Emulator plays a key role in performance evaluation of the PV based energy conversion systems, which is challenging and time-consuming task under varying environmental conditions. This paper presents a hardware and software co-emulation technique based Solar Photo-Voltaic Module Emulator (SPVME) to emulate solar PV Sources. The mathematical model of solar PV module developed in Multisim works as a reference to emulate the solar PV module characteristics. A Programmable DC power supply is employed to replicate the emulated PV module characteristics behavior. LabVIEW software is used to integrate the solar PV module developed in Multisim with the programmable DC power supply. The proposed SPVME system can be used for performance analysis of PV sources like PV module, string and array. The prototype of the proposed SPVME is analyzed with 60 W PV module under varying irradiation and the output result exhibits the accuracy of the developed SPVME prototype.
关键词： Hardware and Software Co-emulation,Performance Evaluation,Single Diode Solar PV cell model,Solar Photovoltaic Module Emulator (SPVME)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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All-Waste Hybrid Composites with Waste Silicon Photovoltaic Module
摘要： Nowadays, global warming, energy issues and environmental concern have forced energy production stakeholders to find new low carbon solutions. Photovoltaic technologies as renewable energy resources represent a competitive way for the transition from conventional fossil fuels towards a renewable energy economy. The highest renewable energy systems (RES) market share is based on silicon photovoltaic (Si-PV). The installed RES have rapidly increased over the last two decades, but, after the end of their service life, they will be disposed of. Therefore, the constant increase of the installed RES has attracted the global concern due to their impact on the environment and, most of all, due to the content of their valuable resources. However, the rational management of RES waste has not been addressed so far. The paper represents an extension of a previous work focused on Si-PV recycling by developing all waste hybrid composites. The extension research conducted in this paper is related to the influence of Si-PV characteristics on the mechanical performances and water stability of the hybrid composites. All waste hybrid composites developed by embedding different Si-PV grain sizes were tested before and after water immersion in terms of mechanical strength, interfacial adhesion, crystallinity and morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The results revealed the better performance of such Si-PV composites compared to that of sieved composites even after long term water immersion. Therefore, high-content Si-PV hybrid composites could be developed without Si-PV powder sieving. Further on, all waste hybrid composites could be used as paving slabs, protective barriers for outdoor applications.
关键词： silicon photovoltaic module,water stability,all waste hybrid composite materials,interfacial adhesion,recycling,mechanical properties
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Investigation of datasheet provided temperature coefficients of photovoltaic modules under various sky profiles at the field by applying a new validation procedure
摘要： In this study, datasheet provided temperature coefficients of commercially available photovoltaic modules were investigated by taking into account the actual performance parameters (output peak power, short-circuit current and open-circuit current) under different sky profiles (clear, partly cloudy and cloudy) at field by introducing a new validation procedure. This procedure is based on two cases. The first case covers irradiation and temperature whereas the second case covers only irradiation by neglecting the temperature coefficient parts in the actual performance parameters calculation. The actual performance parameters of mono crystalline silicon and cupper indium gallium selenide photovoltaic modules were measured under different sky profiles at field and calculated for considered cases. Measured and calculated results were compared by using the root mean square error and the relative mean error tools. It has been founded that temperature coefficients of commercially available photovoltaic modules could deviate from their datasheet provided values under cloudy sky profile at field. As a result of this, it has been concluded that users should take into account sky profiles at the site where photovoltaic modules are going to be deployed in order to calculate the actual performance parameters and the output energy accurately.
关键词： short-circuit current,output peak power,photovoltaic module,electrical output,open-circuit voltage,temperature coefficient
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52