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Experimental performance assessment of a 2.25 kWp Rooftop PV system installed in the desert environment: a case study of Ghardaia, Algeria
摘要： The outcomes of an experimental study performed on a single grid-connected photovoltaic plant on the roof of parking are disclosed in the present paper. The PV system is located in southern Algeria (Latitude 32.26 N°, and longitude 03.46E°) at the Renewable Energy Applied Research Unit (URAER), Ghardaia, Algeria. This location is a desert and with a semi-arid climate. The performance results had been monitored for one year 2018. The present study aims to investigate the effect of seasonal variation on output parameters of PV systems. The results of some index parameters such as performance ratio (PR), array losses, system losses and yields (reference yield, array yields and system yields) are presented and discussed. Experimental results show that an essential variation in performance parameters has been seen for different seasons. The results show the maximum energy generated, reference yield, array yield, final yield, capacitor factor, capture and system losses in summer were 307,11 kW h/kWp, 5,35 kW h/kWp/day, 5,01 kW h/kWp/day, 4,74 kW h/kWp/day, 20,17%, 0,34 h/day and 0,27 h/day, respectively, while the maximum value of performance ratio (PR) was observed in winter (93, 06%). The grid is fed with a power of 3327, 15 kWh along the year.
关键词： grid-connected photovoltaic system,performance loss,The outdoor study,semi-arid climate,seasonal variation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Design and Implementation Low Cost of Photovoltaic Monitoring System Network Based on LoRaWAN
摘要： The photovoltaic systems sector is in full renovation continually demanding a new system that allows the user to monitor his project from long distance. One of the systems that is currently being implemented in photovoltaic farms is known as the Internet of Things. Through this system, it is intended that the user can know in the real time the status of his photovoltaic systems panels. This paper presents a new solution based on LoRaWAN technology that allows the user to have the necessary information to achieve high efficient of the photovoltaic systems panels. This system is to design and implement a new measuring circuit for measuring the output voltage and current of the PV panels from long distance by using LoRa Technology. To test the correct functioning of the device, two tests have been carried out. The first one corresponds to an essay in which the maximum distance at which a node can communicate with the gateway is measured. While the second test means measuring the voltage and current output of the photovoltaic panel of the full system. The main advantages of the final circuit can be used to monitor PV panels with low-cost, and to have high-efficiency performance from long distance.
关键词： photovoltaic system,IOT,LoRaWAN,LoRa,current sensor,smart monitoring,voltage sensor
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A Novel Fault Classification Approach for Photovoltaic Systems
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) energy has become one of the main sources of renewable energy and is currently the fastest-growing energy technology. As PV energy continues to grow in importance, the investigation of the faults and degradation of PV systems is crucial for better stability and performance of electrical systems. In this work, a fault classification algorithm is proposed to achieve accurate and early failure detection in PV systems. The analysis is carried out considering the feature extraction capabilities of the wavelet transform and classification attributes of radial basis function networks (RBFNs). In order to improve the performance of the proposed classifier, the dynamic fusion of kernels is performed. The performance of the proposed technique is tested on a 1 kW single-phase stand-alone PV system, which depicted a 100% training efficiency under 13 s and 97% testing efficiency under 0.2 s, which is better than the techniques in the literature. The obtained results indicate that the developed method can effectively detect faults with low misclassification.
关键词： feature extraction,radial basis function networks (RBFN),fault classification,photovoltaic system,wavelet analysis,kernels
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Coordinated reactive power strategy using static synchronous compensator for photovoltaic inverters
摘要： Large photovoltaic (PV) penetrations into the electric grid resulted in new challenges such as reverse power flow and violation of voltage profile. The traditional methods for voltage regulation in a grid-connected PV system are hardly adaptable to these changes as they only contain the local information which is used without the knowledge of how the control action affects the overall system. To address this problem, this paper extends the reactive power control capability of solar PV inverters by combining them with static power electronic devices for regulating voltage during grid faults. For efficient identification of grid faults, a support vector machine-based fault classification mechanism is developed. The proposed method prioritizes the reactive power control using PV inverter by adapting a predefined hierarchical control structure. The complete methodology is realized by testing it with a two-stage single-phase grid-connected PV system. The experimental results verify the accuracy of the classification algorithm and depict the effectiveness of the proposed controller in both under and overvoltage situations.
关键词： fault ride through (FRT),reactive power control,islanding classification,grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPVS)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Study of operation performance for a solar photovoltaic system assisted cooling by ground heat exchangers in arid climate, China
摘要： Photovoltaic power generation application with advantages of sustainability and low emission is limited on its low photovoltaic (PV) efficiency mainly due to high panel temperature. In this paper, a solar photovoltaic system coupled by ground heat exchangers (PV-GHEs system) is proposed to reduce the operation temperature of panels and keep a high PV efficiency. Taking Tikanlik with typical arid climate of northwestern China as an example, a numerical model based on the software TRNSYS is built and its reliability are validated based on an actual thermal response test data. The simulation results show that the PV-GHEs system can reduce the panel temperature by 26.8% and increase the annual electricity yield by 7.9%, compared with conventional PV systems. Sensitivity analysis highlights the influences of environmental, geological and design parameters on the system performance. For the long-term operation, a gradually growing ground temperature is unfavorable and may weaken the heat transfer between GHEs and the surrounding ground. For the case of Tikanlik, the growing rate of the ground temperature is 0.67 (cid:1)C per year and a minimum distance of 10 m between boreholes is recommended when more GHEs are needed. Finally, a life cycle cost analysis of the PV-GHEs system is investigated.
关键词： Panel temperature,PV efficiency,Long-term performance,Ground heat exchangers,Photovoltaic system
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effect of adjacent shading on the energy and environmental performance of photovoltaic glazing system in building application
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) system is a commonly adopted renewable energy system in building application. In most of the assessments on PV system, there is no consideration on adjacent shading effect cast by surrounding buildings which may lead to over-estimation of PV energy generation and inaccurate calculation of energy payback time (EPBT). This paper investigates the effect of adjacent shading on energy generation and EPBT of PV system. A survey had been conducted to identify and select 25 existing commercial buildings with different degrees of adjacent shading (expressed in terms of sky view factors (SVF), ranging from 0.16 to 0.95) and orientations. Through computer simulations using EnergyPlus, it reveals the significance of adjacent shading effect on the PV energy generation as well as EPBT of building-integrated PV glazing system for the 25 selected buildings, in terms of two ratios, namely PV electricity energy ratio (0.18e0.84) and energy payback time ratio (1.17e5.74). Moreover, a correlation between SVF and PV electricity energy ratio was established (PVEE Ratio ? 0.3867 SVF2 t 0.4176 SVF t 0.0975) with which building professionals can evaluate the PV energy generated and EPBT of a building-integrated PV glazing system in building application, under adjacent shading effect.
关键词： Adjacent shading effect,Sky view factor,Photovoltaic system in building application,Embodied energy in photovoltaic system,Energy payback time
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Cooperative Management for PV/ESS-Enabled Electric-Vehicle Charging Stations: A Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
摘要： This paper proposes a novel multi-agent deep reinforcement learning method for the energy management of distributed electric vehicle charging stations with a solar photovoltaic system and energy storage system. In the literature, the conventional method is to calculate the optimal electric vehicle charging schedule in a centralized manner. However, in general, the centralized approach is not realistic under certain environments where the system operators for multiple electric vehicle charging stations handle dynamically varying data, such as the status of the energy storage system and electric vehicle-related information. Therefore, this paper proposes a method that can compute the scheduling solutions of multiple electric vehicle charging stations in a distributed manner while handling run-time time-varying dynamic data. As shown in the data-intensive performance evaluation, it can be observed that the proposed method achieves a desirable performance in terms of reducing the operation costs of electric vehicle charging stations.
关键词： solar photovoltaic system,energy management,electric vehicle charging stations,multi-agent deep reinforcement learning,energy storage system
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Flat concentrator photovoltaic system for automotive applications
摘要： In this paper, we present a novel design and an optical simulation of a ?at concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system for electric vehicle application. The sunlight concentration component is comprised of a planar waveguide integrated dichroic mirror-coated cone prisms and a mirror-coated lens array. Sunlight re?ects ?rstly at the mirror-coated lens array and then strikes the cone prism of the planar waveguide. The prisms are coated by the dichroic mirrors to divide the solar spectrum into two bands. The low-energy band is transmitted and reaches the GaInAsP/GaInAs dual-junction solar cells. The mid-energy band is re?ected at the prism surface and coupled inside the waveguide. The exit port of the waveguide is attached with GaInP/GaAs dual-junction solar cells. The simulation results demonstrated a maximum electricity conversion e?ciency of 32.88% at the high con- centration ratio. The system thickness is 35 mm, which is as thin as the conventional ?at photovoltaic panel and system allow for a lateral sun-tracking mechanism. This is suitable for installation on the vehicle's roof. The results showed that the presented ?at CPV system is a new approach for a highly e?cient application of solar energy to the electrical vehicle.
关键词： Automotive application,Photovoltaic system,Flat concentrator photovoltaic (CPV),Lateral sun-tracking,Planar waveguide
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Impact of Nonplanar Panels on Photovoltaic Power Generation in the Case of Vehicles
摘要： We investigate the impact of nonplanar panels on power generation in the case of photovoltaic panels mounted on vehicles. The power generation of nonplanar photovoltaic panels on vehicles is analyzed using the numerical geometric model, comprising the incident angle distribution of irradiation. We calculated power generated by the photovoltaic panels equipped on the roof, side, and tilted surfaces of vehicles, showing that even the panels on the side, which are ?tted vertically to the ground, generate more than a quarter of the total power as that generated by the panel horizontal to the ground. Furthermore, we evaluated the curve correction factor that re?ects the relative power generation of nonplanar panels with respect to the reference ?at panels on vehicles. The geometrical model reproduces a simple relationship between the curve correction factor and effective surface ratio between the nonplanar and reference ?at panels. Our ?ndings indicate that the curve correction factor is useful to estimate power generation for nonplanar photovoltaic devices on vehicles; this provides a guiding principle for designing nonplanar photovoltaic devices for vehicles.
关键词： Curve correction factor,photovoltaic panel,photovoltaic system,vehicles
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Simplified Method for Analyzing the Availability of Rooftop Photovoltaic Potential
摘要： This paper presents a new simpli?ed method for analyzing the availability of photovoltaic potential on roofs. Photovoltaic systems on roofs are widespread as they represent a sustainable and safe investment and, therefore, a means of energy self-su?ciency. With the growth of photovoltaic systems, it is also crucial to correctly evaluate their global e?ciency. Thus, this paper presents a comparison between known methods for estimating the photovoltaic potential (as physical, geographic and technical contributions) on a roof and proposes a new simpli?ed method, that takes into account the economic potential of a building that already has installed a photovoltaic system. The measured values of generated electricity of the photovoltaic system were compared with calculated photovoltaic potential. In general, the annual physical, geographic, technical and economic potentials were 1273.7, 1253.8, 14.2 MWh, and 279.1 Wh, respectively. The analysis of all four potentials is essential for further understanding of the sustainable and safe investment in photovoltaic systems.
关键词： light detection and ranging (LiDAR),photovoltaic system,rooftop photovoltaic potential,economic potential
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52