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Silicon ring resonator electro-optical modulator utilizing epsilon-near-zero characteristics of indium tin oxide
摘要： One crucial component in optical communication systems is the optical modulator. It links between the electric and optical domains as it transforms the electric signal into an optical stream. Electro-optical modulation is a very popular scheme. Recently, indium tin oxide (ITO) has been intensively used in optical modulators due to its epsilon-near-zero characteristics. A silicon electro-optic ring resonator modulator is proposed in terms of the outspread application of ITO. An extinction ratio of about 14 dB as well as an insertion loss of 0.075 dB are achieved at a standard telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 microns. The design has low losses, high efficiency, and compact size.
关键词： silicon nanophotonics,ring resonators,indium tin oxide,electro-optical modulators,integrated photonics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Characterize and optimize the four-wave mixing in dual-interferometer coupled silicon microrings
摘要： By designing and fabricating a series of dual-interferometer coupled silicon microrings, the coupling condition of the pump, signal, and idler beams can be engineered independently and then we carried out both the continuous-wave and pulse pumped four-wave mixing experiments to verify the dependence of conversion ef?ciency on the coupling conditions of the four interacting beams, respectively. Under the continuous-wave pump, the four-wave mixing ef?ciency gets maximized when both the pump and signal/idler beams are closely operated at the critical coupling point, while for the pulse pump case, the ef?ciency can be enhanced greatly when the pump and converted idler beams are all overcoupled. These experiment results agree well with our theoretical calculations. Our design provides a platform for explicitly characterizing the four-wave mixing under different pumping conditions, and offers a method to optimize the four-wave mixing, which will facilitate the development of on-chip all-optical signal processing with a higher ef?ciency or reduced pump power.
关键词： silicon resonators,four-wave mixing,Mach–Zehnder interferometer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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All-Dielectric Nanoresonators for ??(2) Nonlinear Optics
摘要： Metal-less nanophotonics offers new opportunities for non-linear optics with respect to optical waveguides and microresonators, taking advantage of the progress within nanofabrication to boost the development of subwavelength Mie-type structures. Here, we review recent results on second harmonic generation with semiconductor nanoresonators, focusing on their scattering features in terms of efficiency and control over radiation patterns. First, two theoretical models are comparatively discussed with a view to possible improvements in analysis and design. Then, some relevant experiments are reported, and the origin of the χ(2) generation is discussed, outlining the main open topics to investigate in the near future and the advantages offered by these nanostructures to the development of novel photonic devices.
关键词： Mie resonances,second harmonic generation,AlGaAs nanoresonators,all-dielectric resonators,nanophotonics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Integrated Plasmonic Tweezers for Efficient Nanoparticle Trapping
摘要： Optical tweezing system arises from light-matter interactions which provide light driving force capable of directing a particle to a potential well and to maintain it in a stable position [1]. Recently it has been shown that the use of plasmonic structures makes it possible to overcome the problems of diffraction limit in dielectric since these structures are able to concentrate light in deep subwavelength volumes. The excitation of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) at metal nanoparticles (MNPs) can significantly amplify the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the nanoantennas, providing an optical gradient force for near-field optical trapping. In such a way, by introducing plasmonic resonators inside tweezing systems, very deep and narrow potential well can be tailored to achieve optical tweezing down to subwavelength particles [2]. In references [3,4], we have numerically shown that the strong coupling occurring between a SOI waveguide and a gold MNP chain allows conceiving surface plasmon-based nanotweezers with efficient trapping of dielectric nanobeads, having radii down to 50 nm. In this contribution, we experimentally do the demonstration of trapping of dielectric nanobead with such structures. Fig. 1(a) and Fig. 1(b) present a general sketch of the system and a SEM image of a fabricated structure composed of 20 MNPs placed on top of a monomode SOI waveguide. The SOI waveguide has a height hSi=220 nm and a width wSi =500 nm. The MNPs are gold elliptic nanocylinders with radii rx=50 nm, ry=100 nm and a thickness h=30 nm. The gap g between two successive MNPs is close to 30 nm. Optical transmittance characterizations show that the structure presents a resonance around 1530 nm as shown in Fig. 1(c). We have shown that this structure, submerged in water (Fig. 1(d)), is able to trap small spherical beads of polystyrene having a radius r =500, 250 and 100 nm, with an incident nominal laser power of 6 mW. By considering thermodynamic equilibrium of the nanobead with the environment, we have used Boltzmann statistics to determine the stiffness of the trapping system, by recording the number of occurrences of positions occupied by the bead (Fig. 1(e)). Fig. 1(f) shows the potential energy well determined from the statistical position on a polystyrene bead with a diameter of 1 μm. We have determined stiffness kx=(5,10 ± 0,67).10-1 fN?nm-1?W-1 and ky = (2,61 ± 0,35) fN?nm-1?W-1, respectively along the waveguide direction x and along y.
关键词： SOI waveguide,nanoparticle trapping,optical tweezing,plasmonic tweezers,plasmonic resonators
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Interface Stress for Bidirectional Frequency Tuning of Prebuckled Vanadium Dioxide MEMS Resonators
摘要： Interface stress between structural materials and thin film coatings has a significant influence on the resonant frequency of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonators. In this work, the axial stress on different types of buckled bridge MEMS resonator structures is controlled through the solid-to-solid phase transition of a VO2 thin film coating. The devices have identical dimensions, but different buckling orientations and profiles due to the combined effect of overetching and residual thermal stress mismatch. Thermal actuation is used to tune the resonant frequency of the device, but the changes in frequency are found to be dependent on the type of buckling for the device. Thermal actuation is achieved by applying an electrical current to integrated heaters, or by uniform substrate heating. Bidirectional tunability is found when substrate heating is used, while Joule heating shows a monotonic change in frequency. This phenomenon can be attributed to the transition in boundary conditions, where the turning points are indicated by the prominent changes in buckling amplitude. In addition, devices with opposite buckling orientations exhibit different tuning behaviors which can be explained by different bending moments induced by beam stress interface modification.
关键词： MEMS resonators,interface stress,buckling,vanadium dioxide,resonant frequency tuning
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A novel wideband bandpass filter based on CSRRa??loaded substrate integrated folded waveguide
摘要： A novel wideband bandpass filter based on folded substrate integrated waveguide (FSIW) is presented in the article. Five square complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) are etched in the middle layer of the FSIW. By adjusting the physical size of the CSRR structure, the resonant frequency of the CSRRs can be tuned at the same time and the stopband performance can be changed. As transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode can be transmitted in the stripline, FSIW excited by stripline shows wider passband than that excited by microstrip line directly. To achieve perfect impedance matching, two microstrip lines to stripline transitions are added in two ports of the filter. The proposed bandpass filter exhibits compact size, high selectivity, good stopband rejection, lower radiation loss, and wideband performances. The measured results show that the fractional bandwidth of the filter is about 35.5%. The measured return loss is better than 15 dB from 4.84 GHz to 6.90 GHz, and the insertion loss is less than 1.2 dB. The comparison between the simulated results and the measured ones validate the possibility of the technology that combines the FSIW and CSRR.
关键词： radiation loss,compact size,folded substrate integrated waveguide,bandpass filter,complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs)
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Singapore, Singapore (2019.8.28-2019.8.30)] 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Si3N4 Waveguide-Coupled Microdisk Resonators with a Quality Factor of 107
摘要： We design and fabricate dispersion-engineered ~830nm-thick Si3N4 waveguide-coupled microdisks. Our resonators show a loaded quality (Q)-factor of ~1×107. We observe optical parametric oscillations in a 345μm-radius microdisk with a threshold pump power of ~50 mW in the waveguide.
关键词： Stoichiometric Si3N4 micordisks,optical parametric oscillations,whispering-gallery modes,high-Q resonators
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Singapore, Singapore (2019.8.28-2019.8.30)] 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Coupled-Resonator-Induced-Transparency on Germanium-on-Insulator Mid-Infrared Platform
摘要： We demonstrate the operation of a thermally tunable coupled-resonator-induced transparency system on a germanium-on-insulator photonic platform working at a mid-infrared wavelength of approximately 1.95 μm. A maximum coupling rate of 1.25 GHz is realized between the two evanescently coupled microring resonators.
关键词： Thermo-optic tuning,Mid-infrared,Microring resonators,Germanium-on-insulator
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 SBFoton International Optics and Photonics Conference (SBFoton IOPC) - Sao Paulo, Brazil (2019.10.7-2019.10.9)] 2019 SBFoton International Optics and Photonics Conference (SBFoton IOPC) - Dynamically stable continuous single frequency green ring laser
摘要： A single-frequency ring laser using two standard commercial diode-pumped Nd:YAG modules is demonstrated. Employing a dynamically stable resonator design, multi-longitudinal mode operation at 1064 nm with 53 W of output power was obtained. When inserting a LBO crystal in the resonator, 1.8 W of single-sided, single-frequency output at 532 nm was achieved. The measured linewidth was 3.6 MHz, close to the resolution limit of the scanning etalon used to measure the longitudinal mode structure.
关键词： dynamic stable resonators,Single frequency lasers,ring lasers,second harmonic generation
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Study of an Electromagnetic Wave Transmission Line Based on Coupled Dielectric Resonators
摘要： An analog of an optical waveguide in the form of a chain of metallic nanoparticles has been investigated using modified cylindrical dielectric resonators in the microwave band. Similar to the plasma oscillations in spherical nanoparticles, the two lowest resonances of the dielectric resonator correspond to the dipole and quadrupole oscillatory modes. It is shown that a waveguide consisting of seven resonators exhibits high frequency selective properties and relatively low loss if the resonances of the quadrupole oscillatory modes are used to form its passband. The characteristics of the investigated waveguide remain almost unchanged at its bending by 90°, and the cross section of localization of the main part of the energy propagating in the waveguide is smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength by a factor of five, which approximately corresponds to the optical waveguides based on plasma oscillations in nanoparticles.
关键词： dipole and quadrupole oscillatory modes,frequency selective properties,electromagnetic wave,dielectric resonators,transmission line,low loss,nanoparticles,optical waveguide,microwave band
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52