- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Re: Safety of a Novel Thulium Fibre Laser for Lithotripsy: An In Vitro Study on the Thermal Effect and Its Impact Factor
摘要： Peng et al present for the first time data regarding the temperature rise following activation of a thulium fibre laser (TFL) for lithotripsy. In an in vitro setting, the thermal effect of TFL was evaluated at different laser power settings and irrigation rates with the safety temperature threshold set to 43°C. Without irrigation, laser power >10 W caused an increase in temperature above this safety threshold. When low-flow irrigation (15 ml/min) was used, only laser power of 30 W exceeded the safety threshold. Higher flow rates prevented a rise in temperature above the threshold for any of the laser settings tested.
关键词： Thermal Effect,Thulium Fibre Laser,Lithotripsy,Safety Temperature Threshold
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 21st International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON) - Cairo, Egypt (2019.12.17-2019.12.19)] 2019 21st International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON) - Technical and Economical Feasibility of the Proposed Assiut University Rooftop PhotoVoltaic Installation
摘要： This paper gives an extended analysis of automotive control systems as components of the integrated motion control (IMC). The cooperation of various chassis and powertrain systems is discussed from a viewpoint of improvement of vehicle performance in relation to longitudinal, lateral, and vertical motion dynamics. The classification of IMC systems is proposed. Particular attention is placed on the architecture and methods of subsystems integration.
关键词： road vehicles,vehicle safety,Motion control,vehicle dynamics
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Effectiveness of intraoperative intraocular lens use on improving surgical safety for dense cataract phacoemulsification: a randomized controlled trial
摘要： We designed this study to assess if surgical safety can be improved by intraoperative use of intraocular lens (IOL) for cataract phacoemulsification. We performed phacoemulsification cataract removal on 401 patients. We randomly assigned these patients into three groups: the standard setting (Group I, n = 134), with reduced vacuum and flow rate (Group II, n = 137), and with IOL insertion before the last quadrant was emulsified with standard setting (Group III, n = 130). The primary outcomes included the risk of posterior capsular rupture (PCR), ultrasound time, energy, and complications. The secondary outcomes included central corneal thickness (CCT), CCT changes, endothelial cells (ETC) counting, ETC loss, and the best corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) measured on day 1, day 7 and day 30. If PCR occurred, we emulsified the residual lens materials after insertion of IOL and clean of the prolapsed vitreous. We found that the risk of PCR in Group III (0/130) was lower than Group I (9/134, corrected relative risk (RR) = 18.44, 95% CI: 1.08–313.56) and Group II (3/137, corrected RR = 6.64, 95% CI: 0.35–27.41). Group III showed better BCVA on day 1 and 7, less ECC loss on day 7 and 30, and less CCT increase on day 1 and 7. No cases converted to extracapsular cataract extraction. No residual lens materials misdirected into vitreous cavity. Intraoperative use of IOL can improve surgical safety for dense cataract phacoemulsification.
关键词： cataract phacoemulsification,intraocular lens,surgical safety,posterior capsular rupture,ultrasound time,endothelial cells loss,central corneal thickness
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID) - Miramar Beach, FL, USA (2019.8.19-2019.8.21)] 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID) - Charge Injection in Organic Transistors and its Impact on the Validity of the Extracted Device Parameters
摘要： The new culture of networked systems that offer everywhere accessible services has given rise to various types of security tradeoffs. In fact, with the evolution of physical systems that keep getting integrated with cyber frameworks, cyber threats have far more critical effects as they get re?ected on the physical environment. As a result, the issue of security of cyber physical systems requires a special holistic treatment. In this paper, we study the tradeoff between security, safety, and availability in such systems and demonstrate these concepts on implantable medical devices as a case study. We discuss the challenges and constraints associated with securing such systems and focus on the tradeoff between security measures required for blocking unauthorized access to the device and the safety of the patient in emergency situations where such measures must be dropped to allow access. We analyze the up to date proposed solutions and discuss their strengths and limitations.
关键词： security vs. safety,Access control,cyber physical systems,implantable medical devices
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A stable nanoscaled Zr-MOF for the detection of toxic mycotoxin through a pH-modulated ratiometric luminescent switch
摘要： A stable nanoscaled single-excitation ratiometric luminescent pH sensor (MPDB-PCN) over a broad pH range from 2.5 to 8.6 is fabricated through post-synthetic modification of PCN-224 with naphthalimide-derived molecules. Due to the rapid, sensitive and linear response to pH, MPDB-PCN is capable of detecting 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), an acid neurotoxin in food safety, with a low detection limit of 15 μM in sugarcane juice.
关键词： Luminescent metal-organic frameworks,food safety,pH sensor,3-nitropropionic acid
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDS)
摘要： Since the original ICNIRP Statement was published in 2000, there have been significant improvements in the efficiency and radiance (i.e., optical radiation emission) of LEDs. The most important improvement is the development of ‘white’ LEDs that can be used as general lighting sources, which are more efficient than traditional lighting sources. LEDs emitting in the ultraviolet wavelength region have also become available and have made their way into consumer products. All these changes have led to a rise in concern for the safety of the optical radiation emissions from LEDs. Several in vitro and animal studies have been conducted, which indicate that blue and white LEDs can potentially cause retinal cell damage under high irradiance and lengthy exposure conditions. However, these studies cannot be directly extrapolated to normal exposure conditions for humans, and equivalent effects can also be caused by the optical radiation from other light sources under extreme exposure conditions. Acute damage to the human retina from typical exposure to blue or white LEDs has not been demonstrated. Concern for potential long-term effects, e.g. age-related macular degeneration (AMD), remains based on epidemiological studies indicating a link between high levels of exposure to sunlight and AMD. When evaluating the optical radiation safety of LEDs, it has now been established that published safety standards for lamps, not lasers, should be applied. Thus far, the only clear, acute adverse health effects from LEDs are those due to temporal light modulation (including flicker). Glare can also create visual disturbances when LED light fixtures are not properly designed. Further research is needed on potential health effects from short- and long-term exposure to new and emerging lighting technologies.
关键词： safety standards,radiation, non-ionizing,International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection,health effects
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Radiology, Lasers, Nanoparticles and Prosthetics || 2. Nuclei and isotopes
摘要： In Chapters 5 to 12 nuclear methods in medicine are discussed either for imaging (scintigraphy, SPECT, PET) or for radiation treatment of cancerous tissues (proton and neutron irradiation, brachytherapy). It is therefore appropriate to first introduce some basic properties of nuclides and isotopes, and in particular of radioactive isotopes which are used in nuclear medicine. This chapter is not intended to replace a textbook on nuclear physics. But it provides sufficient background information for better understanding the subsequent chapters. Handling of radiation in general and application of radioactive isotopes also requires a detailed knowledge of radiation dose and radiation safety, which are topics of Chapter 4.
关键词： scintigraphy,medicine,SPECT,neutron irradiation,PET,brachytherapy,radiation safety,proton irradiation,nuclides,cancerous tissues,isotopes,radioactive isotopes,radiation dose,imaging,nuclear medicine,nuclear methods,radiation treatment
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - Guangzhou, China (2019.5.19-2019.5.22)] 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - $W$-Band Silicon-Based Transition Substrate-Integrated Waveguide to Air-Filled Rectangular Waveguide
摘要： The Raghavan petition to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) concerns a sudden acceleration (SA) incident experienced by the petitioner’s wife in a 2009 Lexus ES350 automobile. As she drove slowly into a parking space, the engine roared. When she braked, there was no response and the vehicle accelerated onto to a sidewalk into some bushes, hit a fence, and then stopped. The petitioner cites two other similar SA crashes where the electronic data recorder (EDR) results showed no pedal sensor voltage signals during most of the 4–5 s before impact. It would be reasonable to argue that the absence of accelerator pedal signals ruled out the possibility that the driver had been startled into flooring the accelerator pedal by mistake and holding it there, as required by the pedal error hypothesis and as presented in the NHTSA SA Report (1989). In the Raghavan denial of petition, NHTSA claims that drivers may have been making unrecorded accelerator pedal applications between EDR data points and that this proves that they were still making pedal errors. This ingenious counter hypothesis seems to require that the driver is startled into stomping on the accelerator pedal at 1-s intervals—each stomp being followed by a full pedal release—precisely timed to avoid detection by the EDR. This would require considerable right foot timing skills, muscular control, and dexterity on the part of an allegedly panic-stricken driver. This case study shows that NHTSA, in the process of denying Dr. Raghavan’s petition, has done a volte-face and expediently abandoned the pedal error hypothesis, thereby undermining the claim in the 1989 SA Report that: for SAI in which there is no evidence of throttle sticking or cruise-control malfunction, the inescapable conclusion is that these definitely involve the driver pressing the accelerator instead of or in addition to the brake.
关键词： NHTSA,electronic malfunction,sudden acceleration,automobile,pedal error,functional safety,electronic throttle control
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Building safety monitoring based on extreme gradient boosting in distributed optical fiber sensing
摘要： Aiming at the problem of the safety monitoring of the surrounding environment of the glass window on the building, a scheme of distributed optical fiber acoustic sensors based on the phase sensitive time-domain reflection is proposed. Firstly, Wigner bispectrum is used to analyze the time–frequency energy distribution of vibration signal, then the axially integrated bispectrum algorithm is used to extract the time–frequency characteristic components, and the method of sub-band division is used to avoid information loss and decrease the cost of computing. The eigenvectors of different vibration events are recognized by extreme gradient boosting tree algorithm. Based on the diversity of acoustic signal types in the environment, there are eight kinds of events including wind blowing, knocking, window opening, watering, hammering, dog barking, aircraft sound and no disturbance to be selected for vibration experiments. The experimental results show that the scheme can get better recognition effect, and the average recognition rate of eight kinds of events reaches 93.3%.
关键词： Building safety monitoring,Distributed acoustic sensor,Wigner bispectrum,Gradient boosting tree
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[Laser Institute of America ILSC?? 2017: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference - Atlanta, Georgia, USA (March 20a??23, 2017)] International Laser Safety Conference - Moving beyond the standard operating procedure
摘要： The Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) has been a stable item of laser safety standards for many years, considered so ubiquitous that its real purpose and applicability to all laser use applications are questioned. This paper explores the effectiveness of SOPs in the research and development (R&D) environment, particularly in universities, where the dynamic nature of research makes it challenging to follow a set path. The author suggests that traditional SOPs may not achieve their goal in such settings and proposes alternatives like risk analysis and on-the-job training (OJT) to enhance compliance and safety.
关键词： SOP,risk analysis,Standard Operating Procedure,laser safety,on-the-job training,R&D
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59