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- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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[Energy, Environment, and Sustainability] Sensors for Automotive and Aerospace Applications || MEMS Sensors for Automotive Applications: A Review
摘要： The automotive industry has always been an area, where the possibility to explore more and to achieve next-gen technology remains a challenge. As the market is growing, the possibilities are being explored on a wider scale. And these growing possibilities are increasingly demanding the research for the more accurate functioning of the automotive through the use of various sensors and the integration aspects associated with them. While enhancing the quality/performance of the vehicle, the need to reduce the size of sensors always remains a challenge. Over the period of time, the technology has advanced and these challenges are taken care through the use of MEMS (Microelectro mechanical systems) integrated systems. MEMS helps in devising microscale sensors with higher accuracy in small size and low cost. In the automotive, there exists a huge need for these installing these sensors and utilizing them to re?ne the performance characteristics of the vehicles. This chapter aims at discussing important MEMS-based sensors and their applications in the automotive-like tire pressure and monitoring systems, engine management system, vehicle stability/passenger safety system, and emission control.
关键词： Engine management,MEMS,Vehicle stability,Tire pressure and monitoring,Passenger safety
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Nanocomposites-based nitrated polyethersulfone and doped ZnYNiO for selective As <sup>3+</sup> sensor application
摘要： The contamination of arsenic (As3+) cation in drinking water is one of the most well-known sources for human arsenic poison. Due to its high toxicity to human, there is a need to develop an efficient and low-cost method to detect it in aquatic environment. A sensor of nitrated polyethersulfone (PES-NO2) doped with ZnYNiO nanocomposites was successfully fabricated. PES-NO2 was synthesized in this study using H2SO4: HNO3 while ZnYNiO nanoparticles were fabricated using wet-chemical technique under low temperature and basic condition. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis did confirm the interactions between the doped nanoparticles and nitro functions grafted on PES backbone. The developed polymeric nanocomposite (PES-NO2-ZnYNiO) was then used as a superb coating sensor for As3+. The working electrode of desire heavy metal ion sensor was fabricated by glassy carbon electrode (GCE) coated with PES-NO2-ZnYNiO nanocomposites as layer of thin film. To estimate the cationic sensor performances, a calibration curve obtained from current versus electrolyte (selective As3+ ion) concentration relation was plotted. The linearity of calibration curve is found over the linear dynamic range (LDR) of 0.1 nM~0.1 mM. The slope of calibration curve is used to measure the sensitivity and detection limit (DL) of As3+ cation sensor, and these are 9.8101 μA μM?1 cm?2 and 96.77 ± 4.84 pM, respectively. Therefore, the As3+ ion sensor is found as selective with good sensitivity, reproducible with high accuracy, validated in real environmental samples, long-term stability in aqueous medium, and highly active with short response time.
关键词： arsenic sensor,sensitivity,characterization,electrochemical method,synthesis,ZnYNiO,environmental safety,nitrated polyethersulfone
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Impedimetric sensor for tyramine based on gold nanoparticle doped-poly(8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulphonic acid) modified gold electrodes
摘要： A novel impedimetric sensor for the determination of tyramine (Tyr), a biogenic amine, on the surface of gold nanoparticle-poly-(8-anilino-1-napthalene sulphonic acid), AuNP-PANSA modified gold electrode (AuE) is presented for the first time. The AuNP were successfully synthesized by a green synthesis method. Their characterization and optimization were conducted using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Under optimal conditions, the impedimetric sensor revealed a relatively broad linear range from 0.8 to 80 μM similar to more complex architectures found in the literature and the limit of detection of 0.04 μM was the lowest achieved until now. In order to test the reliability of the proposed method, real sample application studies were conducted using dairy products and fermented drinks. It was found that the sensor presented a good selectivity and recovery. Furthermore, the impedimetric sensor shows good reproducibility, stability, selectivity and very small interferences which augur well for its application in food safety control processes.
关键词： electrochemical impedance detection,food safety control,impedimetric sensor,biogenic amine,tyramine
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Intraoperative Thermography of the Electrical Stimulation Mapping: A Safety Control Study
摘要： A standard procedure for continuous intraoperative monitoring of the integrity of the corticospinal tracts by eliciting muscle responses is the electric stimulation mapping (ESM). However, standard ESM protocols are ineffective in 20% of young children. We have developed a novel, highly efficient paradigm consisting of short-time burst (30 ms) of high frequency (500 Hz) and high peak current (≤100 mA), which may cause local tissue overheating. The presented safety control study was therefore designed. The infrared thermography camera captured to-be-resected cortex of 13 patients in vivo during ESM. Thermograms were image processed to reveal discrete ESM thermal effect of currents from 10 to 100 mA. Peak 100 mA currents induced a maximal increase in temperature of 3.1 °C, 1.23 ± 0.72 °C in average. The warming correlated with stimulating electrode resistance (p < 0.001). The measurement uncertainty was estimated ±1.01 °C for the most skeptical conditions. The histopathological evaluation of stimulated tissue (performed in all cases) did not show any destructive changes. Our study demonstrates the ability of the thermographic camera to measure the discrete thermal effect of the ESM. The results provide evidence for the safety of the proposed protocol for full range currents with minimal risk of brain tissue damage.
关键词： neurosurgery,safety control,Electrical stimulation mapping,thermography,thermal effect,in vivo
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[ACM Press the 1st International Workshop - New Delhi, India (2018.10.29-2018.10.29)] Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Communication and Computing in Connected Vehicles and Platooning - C3VP '18 - On Feasibility of VLC Based Car-to-Car Communication Under Solar Irradiance and Fog Conditions
摘要： This paper investigates the impact of solar irradiance and fog condition on visible light communication (VLC) based car-to car (C2C) communication for two capital cities, New Delhi and London. The bit error rate (BER) variation over a day has been compared for both the cities for the month of March, June and December. It has been shown that for a given BER threshold performance, the impact of solar irradiance is more pronounced in month of June especially at New Delhi when solar irradiance reaches its peak. It has also been shown that in month of December, fog is one of the most significant climatic factors that greatly influences the VLC based C2C communication in terms of atmospheric attenuation. This paper also establishes the relationship for the minimum safety distance required between cars based on two-second rule, car speed and angle between cars. The minimum safety distance which would be required to avoid any rear-end collision especially during light or dense fog in the month of December has also been compared for New Delhi and London.
关键词： safety distance,fog conditions,solar irradiance,car-to-car communication,visible light communication,bit error rate
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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[IEEE 2018 15th European Radar Conference (EuRAD) - Madrid, Spain (2018.9.26-2018.9.28)] 2018 15th European Radar Conference (EuRAD) - A Stand Alone Millimetre Wave Imaging Scanner: System Design and Image Analysis Setup
摘要： Millimetre wave sensors are capable of measuring the structure and composition as well as detecting small variations thereof in a wide range of dielectric materials, such as plastics, dry goods and foodstuffs. To produce an image that modern image recognition algorithms can be applied on, a resolution, i.e. pixel density, comparable to those of optical cameras has to be realized. In this paper, we present a rotating scanner system that operates in a CW mode at 90 GHz and allows for a high pixel density for medium measurement object velocities using only a single measurement channel. Additionally, we present an image exploitation setup for the detection of defects in scanned goods and the fusion of amplitude and phase data as well as images acquired from an optical camera for fast and easy goods inspection.
关键词： image matching,object segmentation,microwave imaging,manufacturing industries,radar imaging,image recognition,millimeter wave radar,product safety,image fusion
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Advances in Raman spectroscopy and imaging techniques for quality and safety inspection of horticultural products
摘要： This paper gives an overview of Raman technology for inspecting quality and safety of horticultural products. Emphasis is put on introduction and demonstration of Raman spectroscopy and imaging techniques for practical uses to assess the horticultural products. Raman scattering principles are presented first, followed by introduction and comparison to Raman measurement techniques, such as backscattering Raman spectroscopy, transmission Raman spectroscopy, spatially offset Raman spectroscopy, Raman chemical imaging, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, etc. Raman measurement instruments, including excitation sources, wavelength separation devices, detectors, commercial integrated and custom-developed systems, and system calibration methods, are discussed and compared. Raman data analysis methods, such as data preprocessing, spectral mixture analysis, and quantitative analysis, are presented with examples for analyzing Raman spectral and image data of selected horticultural products including tomato and carrot. Raman spectroscopy and imaging applications for quality and safety evaluation of the horticultural products are also reviewed.
关键词： Horticultural products,Raman spectroscopy,Quality,Lasers,Safety,Chemical imaging
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Biosensors in Applications
摘要： These days, especially, the attention is increasing in high technology of sensors designed for various uses in biological matter, biomedicine, drug improvement, security, nutrition safety and ecological monitoring and measuring. The system of these sensors should typically be handy and economical, on condition that quick response with reliability, high sensitivity, and negligible false-reading counts are provided. Biosensors have a multi-disciplinary nature including: biology, chemistry, physics, instrumentation, electronics, optics, and market. The biosensors are detecting devices that combine a transducer with biologically sensitive and selective components. Biosensors can quantity combinations existing in the environment, chemical procedures, food and human body at inexpensive charge in comparison with traditional techniques. This editorial article briefly focuses on an overview of Biosensors, examples and providing a new vista of developments and applications.
关键词： biomedicine,environmental monitoring,Biosensors,food safety,applications
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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[Energy, Environment, and Sustainability] Sensors for Automotive and Aerospace Applications || Sensors in the Joining and Welding Process in Automobile Manufacturing
摘要： Welding and joining processes are one of the key processes in the automobile industries, which give the core strength to the joint and consequently to the vehicle. The complex design of the vehicle and small parts creates difficulty for the manual joining process and therefore the need for automation has increased. The manufacturing companies spend a lot of money on the equipment and processes to maintain the high quality of the vehicle. The sensors are integrated along with the equipment in the welding and joining processes to improve the quality and decrease the risk of damage associated with the process. This review starts with different types of welding methods and then focusses on the sensors and its types.
关键词： Sensors for welding and joining,Automobile manufacturing sensors,Sensors and safety in the welding process,Welding and joining
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14
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A Novel Industrial Safety IoTs Architecture for External Corrosion Perception Based on Infrared
摘要： In this paper, a novel external corrosion risk online perception method is proposed to solve the dangerous external corrosion threat and supply a measurable safe risk perception ability for the industrial safe Internet of Things (IoTs) with the infrared thermal wave as the direct sensors. The three layers model is established with direct variables measuring layer, external corrosion risk soft measuring layer and monitoring cycle decision-making layer. And in the direct variable measuring layer the infrared thermal wave is applied to measure the three direct variables, area ratio of cladding defects,cladding layer thickness reading and overlapping between external and internal corrosion defects, in the direct variables measuring layer. In the external corrosion risk soft measuring layer and monitoring cycle decision-making layer, external corrosion risk can be soft measured through a cladding-condition-based risk matrix and the most optimal monitoring cycle can also be determined through a decision-making tree based on the three direct variables.
关键词： Internet of things,Industrial safety,Maintenance decision tree
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14