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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Electrotechnology: Processes, Models, Control and Computer Science (EPMCCS) - Kielce, Poland (2018.11.12-2018.11.14)] 2018 Conference on Electrotechnology: Processes, Models, Control and Computer Science (EPMCCS) - Investigation and Determination of Efficiency of the Waste Heat Recovery System Using Peltier Modules
摘要： High efficiency technology of waste heat energy utilization would change the face of the energy market. Due to the fact that the energy system and transport are based on fossil fuels, there is a huge potential for its efficient use. Despite the fact that the technology of Peltier semiconductor modules has been known for many years, there are no solutions that might be commonly disseminated. There is also a deficit of available sources that in a transparent, coherent and synthetic way could provide guidelines for the constructors of such devices, and show how much energy they can generate and what efficiency they have. Moreover, the Peltier modules available on the market are burdened with many stereotypes. When trying to use this technology, it should be remembered that in addition to the Peltier phenomenon, the module's operation is based on four other physical phenomena: two of them have a negative impact and they determine the practically obtained parameters of the Peltier module. These are: Joule effect and heat conduction phenomenon. The other two phenomena: Seebeck and Thomson ones, play slightly smaller roles. The aim of the authors was to investigate the self-made model of a thermoelectric generator TEG, constructed using Peltier modules. The paper presents the results of measurements and the method of determining the electrical efficiency of this model. Additionally, a temperature range was determined at that such recovery has a measurable utilitarian aspect and economic sense. The limitations of semiconductor technology of Peltier cells have been given, and design guidelines at construction process of such systems to optimize their efficiency are presented.
关键词： Seebeck effect,thermoelectric generator TEG,determination of efficiency,Peltier module
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Experimental analysis of a photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator using cobalt oxide nanofluid and phase change material heat sink
摘要： Nowadays, photovoltaic panels have been known as effective devices to harness solar energy. These panels mainly convert the UV and visible areas of the solar spectrum into electricity and the rest of the energy is dissipated. One of the favorable methods to take advantage of such dissipated heat is to combine thermoelectric generators (TEG) utilizing the IR area of the solar radiation with photovoltaic panels. Having the different and opposite impact on the efficiency of thermal photovoltaic cells (PV/T) and thermoelectric generators (TEG), the system operating temperature appears as a critical parameter in the productivity of a PV/T-TEG hybrid unit. In the present study, a novel heat sink for a PV/T-TEG hybrid system is introduced. The effectiveness of simultaneous usage of the Co3O4/water nanofluid and the improved phase change material (paraffin wax/Alumina powder) as a cooling method on the performance of the PV/T-TEG is examined throughout an experimental study. Then, the overall electrical, thermal and exergy efficiency of such a system is compared to the units with divers working fluids including water and 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% nanofluid and the unit consisting of 1% nanofluid with non-enhanced PCM cooling method. The results reveal that using 1% nanofluid with enhanced PCM, as a cooling method, would improve the overall electrical efficiency by 12.28% compared to water cooling technique. Also, an increase of 11.6% in the exergy efficiency of the PV/T-TEG is observed in comparison with PV/T-TEG with the water cooling method. Hence, it could be concluded that the combination of this unit could contribute to harnessing solar energy more efficiently, compared to solo photovoltaic panels.
关键词： Photovoltaic thermal,Solar energy,Nanofluid,Thermoelectric generator,Phase change material
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Performance Evaluation of Unconcentrated Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Generator Hybrid System under Tropical Climate
摘要： Indoor farming is among the approaches which can be adapted to improve agricultural sustainability and ensure the food security of countries. However, adopting indoor farming requires a high amount of energy to sustain the system. Incorporating a renewable energy system for supplying power to agricultural activities will allow the system to be more sustainable in the long run. An unconcentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) hybrid system is designed based on the load requirement of an indoor farm. The hybrid system performance under Malaysia’s weather conditions was investigated and analyzed over three months. The designed system has shown its ability to provide sufficient power to the load, as well as supporting an additional load. Besides that, the TEGs power output was found to be dependent on the temperature as well as the types of connections used, where a higher temperature difference and series connection exhibited a better power output. Overall, the combination of the system showed that the addition of a TEG affects the efficiency and power output as compared to a standalone PV. Therefore, this implies that the hybrid system is able to exhibit a more positive outcome in certain weather conditions than a PV standalone system.
关键词： photovoltaic,sustainable agriculture,PV-TEG,indoor farming,thermoelectric generator
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A numerical study on a photovoltaic thermal system integrated with a thermoelectric generator module
摘要： In this work, a three-dimensional numerical model is developed to investigate the performance of a photovoltaic thermal system integrated with a thermoelectric generator module (PVT/TE). Furthermore, the effects of various operating parameters such as solar radiation, coolant mass flow rate, and inlet and ambient temperatures on the performance of both the PVT and PVT/TE systems are investigated and compared. Based on the obtained results, the electrical efficiency of the PVT/TE system, when exposed to solar radiation of 600 and 1000 W/m2, is 6.23% and 10.41% higher than that of the PVT system, respectively. Besides, the electrical efficiency of the PVT and PVT/TE by increasing the inlet fluid temperature from 26 oC to 34 oC, reduces by 2.58% and 4.56%, respectively. Furthermore, by increasing the ambient temperature from 26 oC to 34 oC, the electrical efficiency of the PVT reduces by 1.43%, the electrical efficiency of the PVT/TE increases by 0.82%. Based on the simulation results, the electrical efficiency of the PVT/TE system is much higher than that of the PVT system, while the PVT system benefits from higher thermal efficiency in comparison to the PVT/TE system.
关键词： Numerical simulation,Electrical efficiency,Thermal efficiency,Thermoelectric generator module (TE),Photovoltaic thermal system (PVT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Effect of Oxygen Partial Pressure on the Phase Stability of Copper–Iron Delafossites at Elevated Temperatures
摘要： Oxide-based materials are promising candidates for use in high temperature thermoelectric generators. While their thermoelectric performance is inferior to commonly used thermoelectrics, oxides are environmentally friendly and cost-effective. In this study, Cu-based delafossites (CuFeO2), a material class with promising thermoelectric properties at high temperatures, were investigated. This work focuses on the phase stability of CuFeO2 with respect to the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure. For this reason, classical material characterization methods, such as scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, were combined in order to elucidate the phase composition of delafossites at 900 ?C at various oxygen partial pressures. The experimentally obtained results are supported by the theoretical calculation of the Ellingham diagram of the copper–oxygen system. In addition, hot-stage X-ray diffraction and long-term annealing tests of CuFeO2 were performed in order to obtain a holistic review of the phase stability of delafossites at high temperatures and varying oxygen partial pressure. The results support the thermoelectric measurements in previous publications and provide a process window for the use of CuFeO2 in thermoelectric generators.
关键词： high temperature thermoelectric materials,delafossite,thermoelectric generator (TEG),phase stability,Ellingham diagram
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Annual Energy Harvesting of Passively Cooled Hybrid Thermoelectric Generator-Concentrator Photovoltaic Modules
摘要： Approximately 60% of the incident energy is dissipated as heat in conventional concentrator photovoltaic modules. The hybridization with thermoelectric generators (TEGs) aims to recover part of the waste heat and transform it to electricity. Recently, the feasibility of passively cooled designs has been assessed for small sized solar cells (3 mm × 3 mm). It is expected that novel prototypes will be developed according to this concept. However, the existing feasibility studies are based on reference operating conditions, while the behavior of the hybrid modules under changing atmospheric conditions remains unknown. In this article, real atmospheric data of Jaén, Southern Spain, including irradiance, temperature, and spectral data, are used to analyze the behavior of four designs of TEG-concentrator photovoltaic modules: low ZT-low temperature (A), low ZT-high temperature (B), high ZT-low temperature (C), and high ZT-high temperature (D). This behavior is compared with that of a typical concentrator photovoltaic-only module. Results show that, while the global ef?ciency at reference conditions can be enhanced up to 4.75%, the annual averaged global ef?ciency can only be increased up to 4.30%. The results of this article will help to understand the impact of the atmospheric conditions on the real behavior of these structures.
关键词： concentrator photovoltaics (CPV),efficiency improvement,Annual energy,thermoelectric generator (TEG),hybrid system,passive cooling
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Performance evaluation of a thermoelectric ventilation system driven by the concentrated photovoltaic thermoelectric generators for green building operations
摘要： This paper proposed one novel Thermo-Electric Ventilation (TEV) system driven by the concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator (CPV-TEG), which could use the electric power converted directly from solar energy by CPV-TEG. The effects of incident solar irradiance, number of thermoelectric generators, and ambient air temperatures on the power output of CPV-TEG have been analytically investigated through energy balance and first law of thermodynamics. Furthermore, input current and number of thermoelectric coolers were sensitively varied to optimize the performance of TEV system respectively in heating and cooling modes. Finally, an integrated theoretical and numerical approach was proposed to match the power output of CPV-TEG with the power input of TEV. Modeling results indicate that the output power from CPV-TEG could satisfy the energy demand of TEV system when the input currents of thermoelectric coolers were no more than 2.5 A and 2.8 A respectively for cooling and heating modes. Minimum energy and exergy efficiencies of the system in winter heating mode were confirmed to be 1.67 and 0.24 respectively, which were far higher than that in summer cooling mode. This research may be helpful for enhancing performance and reducing exergy destruction of thermoelectric ventilation system, simultaneously.
关键词： thermoelectric ventilation system,power matching,energy and exergy analysis,concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Generator Powered Synchronous Reluctance Motor for Pumping Applications
摘要： The interest in photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems has increased, particularly in rural areas where there is no grid supply available. However, both the performance and the cost of the whole system are still an obstacle for a wide spread of this technology. In this article, a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-thermoelectric generator (TEG) is investigated for pumping applications. The electric drivetrain comprises a synchronous reluctance motor and an inverter. A control strategy for the drivetrain is employed to execute two main tasks: 1) driving the motor properly to achieve a maximum torque per Ampère condition and 2) maximizing the output power of the PV system at different weather conditions. This means that the conventional DC-DC converter is not used in the proposed system. Moreover, batteries, which are characterized by short life expectancy and high replacement cost, are also not used. It is found that the motor output power and the pump flow rate are increased by about 9.5% and 12% respectively when the hybrid PV-TEG array is used compared to only using PV array. Accordingly, the performance, cost and complexity of the system are improved. Measurements on an experimental laboratory setup are constructed to validate the theoretical results of this work.
关键词： Photovoltaic pumping system,thermoelectric generator,MPPT,motor drives,synchronous reluctance machines
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Flexible TEG Using Amorphous InGaZnO Thin Film
摘要： We have demonstrated ?exible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) using transverse type structure with amorphous InGaZnO/Mo and amorphous InGaZnO/ITO materials. The amorphous-InGaZnO (a-IGZO) ?lm has advantages such as its low thermal conductivity and relatively high carrier mobility. Additionally, the a-IGZO ?lm can form on a ?exible substrate using a low temperature fabrication process. The a-IGZO thin ?lms were deposited at room temperature by RF magnetron sputtering on PEN substrate. The thin ?lm TEG can create a temperature difference in the in-plane lateral direction by using a heat guide. For the heat guide, polymer photoresist material (KMPR 1035) was spin-coated and patterned using the standard photolithography process. Metal masks were used for all the deposition steps. A total of 676 a-IGZO/metal paired cells were connected in series. Temperature difference was applied between the heat guide and the back side of the substrate, and it was con?rmed that both temperature difference and Seebeck voltage were generated in the IGZO cell. We have shown that the transparent and ?exible TEG on PEN substrate can be fabricated using a-IGZO with the standard fabrication process.
关键词： thin ?lm,TAOS,Thermoelectric generator,module
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14