- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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A Novel Tilt Correction Technique for Irradiance Sensors and Spectrometers On-Board Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
摘要： In unstable atmospheric conditions, using on-board irradiance sensors is one of the only robust methods to convert unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based optical remote sensing data to reflectance factors. Normally, such sensors experience significant errors due to tilting of the UAV, if not installed on a stabilizing gimbal. Unfortunately, such gimbals of sufficient accuracy are heavy, cumbersome, and cannot be installed on all UAV platforms. In this paper, we present the FGI Aerial Image Reference System (FGI AIRS) developed at the Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI) and a novel method for optical and mathematical tilt correction of the irradiance measurements. The FGI AIRS is a sensor unit for UAVs that provides the irradiance spectrum, Real Time Kinematic (RTK)/Post Processed Kinematic (PPK) GNSS position, and orientation for the attached cameras. The FGI AIRS processes the reference data in real time for each acquired image and can send it to an on-board or on-cloud processing unit. The novel correction method is based on three RGB photodiodes that are tilted 10° in opposite directions. These photodiodes sample the irradiance readings at different sensor tilts, from which reading of a virtual horizontal irradiance sensor is calculated. The FGI AIRS was tested, and the method was shown to allow on-board measurement of irradiance at an accuracy better than ±0.8% at UAV tilts up to 10° and ±1.2% at tilts up to 15°. In addition, the accuracy of FGI AIRS to produce reflectance-factor-calibrated aerial images was compared against the traditional methods. In the unstable weather conditions of the experiment, both the FGI AIRS and the on-ground spectrometer were able to produce radiometrically accurate and visually pleasing orthomosaics, while the reflectance reference panels and the on-board irradiance sensor without stabilization or tilt correction both failed to do so. The authors recommend the implementation of the proposed tilt correction method in all future UAV irradiance sensors if they are not to be installed on a gimbal.
关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV,irradiance,reflectance factor,tilt stabilization,drone
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Opto-electronic platform tracking control of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles based on composite disturbance compensation
摘要： Airborne opto-electronic platforms are very important in unmanned aerial vehicle systems. The stability and tracking performance of airborne opto-electronic platforms are easily affected by disturbance factors, making compensating for those disturbances a very prominent issue. In this paper, compared to the traditional disturbance observer, an improved velocity signal based disturbance observer (IVDOB) is particularly designed to compensate for the disturbance. Then its capability, robustness, and stability are discussed. For improving the stabilization accuracy and tracking performance of airborne opto-electronic platforms, the universal approximation property of fuzzy systems is used to compensate the disturbance further and an adaptive fuzzy control system based on IVDOBs is proposed. To validate the scheme, a series of experiments were carried out. The results show that the proposed control scheme can achieve reliable control precision and satisfy the requirements of airborne opto-electronic platform tasks.
关键词： Multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle,airborne opto-electronic platform,composite disturbance compensation,disturbance observer,approximation property
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 15th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV) - Singapore, Singapore (2018.11.18-2018.11.21)] 2018 15th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV) - Fire Geometrical Characteristics Estimation Using a Visible Stereovision System Carried by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
摘要： In the context of wild?re research and ?ght, there is a need of measuring ?re geometrical characteristics to better understand the phenomena occurring during the propagation, to develop and to improve models in order to anticipate the ?re behavior and to position ?re?ghters and water drops and to protect the population. This paper presents a framework composed by an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a visible stereo vision system developed in order to estimate the position, rate of spread, height, inclination angle, base width and surface of ?res obtained by experimental burnings at ?eld scale. This research is developed with the ultimate goal to carry out a technological transfer in order to obtain systems that can be used by ?re?ghters.
关键词： UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle),stereo vision,measure,Wild?re,image processing.
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Individual mangrove tree measurement using UAV-based LiDAR data: Possibilities and challenges
摘要： Individual mangrove tree parameters are necessary for the efficient management and protection of this unique ecosystem, but to measure them using remote sensing (RS) is still a new and challenging task due to the high clumping density of mangrove crowns and the relatively low spatial resolution of RS data. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), as an emerging RS technique, significantly improves the spatial resolution, but has not been used for individual mangrove analysis. This study presents the first investigation into the possibility of individual tree detection and delineation (ITDD) for mangroves using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data (91 pt./m2) collected from UAV. Specifically, we aim to detect and measure tree height (TH) and crown diameter (CD) of each mangrove tree, and analyze the impact of crown clumping density and spatial resolution on mangrove ITDD. To this end, we combined the variable window filtering method and marker controlled watershed segmentation algorithm, and successfully delineated 46.0% of the 126 field measured mangroves. This was promising considering the complexity of mangrove forest. TH and CD were estimated with higher accuracies than previous studies. The isolated trees, with the lowest clumping density, were delineated with the highest accuracy. To identify the optimal spatial resolution of canopy height model (CHM), we defined four spatial resolutions (0.1 m, 0.25 m, 0.5 m, and 1 m) and conducted a simulation. Based on the results, we propose a rule-of-thumb that the spatial resolution should be finer than one-fourth of CD for ITDD, which is also applicable to other forest types. The main difficulty for mangrove ITDD is an overall under-detection of trees, which is caused by the high clumping density and limited height difference between adjacent mangroves. We recommend combining UAV LiDAR with imagery and terrestrial LiDAR to improve the mangrove ITDD performance.
关键词： LiDAR,Unmanned aerial vehicle,Mangrove,Individual crown,Optimal spatial resolution
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Impact paint sensor based on polymer/multi-dimension carbon nano isotopes composites
摘要： We presented a novel impact paint sensor made of piezoresistive nano-carbon composites and studied its characteristics. The paint sensors were fabricated with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), exfoliated graphite nano-platelets (xGnP), and a hybrid type of the two nano-carbon fillers and were sprayed onto a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) panel for lab testing. In ball drop impact test, the MWCNT-xGnP-based hybrid sensor showed the best characteristics in impact energy sensing within the range 0.07-1.0J. We also studied the piezoresistive mechanism due to dimensional variations of nano carbon isotopes for sensor design. Piezorestivity of nano-carbon sensor was significantly dominated the electrical contact variation of the electrical fillers in a matrix. This study is expected to provide a feasibility test for designing impact paint sensors with optimized sensitivity for a composite structural health monitoring (SHM).
关键词： Carbon nanotube (CNT),Exfoliated graphite nanoplate (xGnP),Structural health monitoring (SHM),Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV),Impact paint sensor
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia) - Chengdu, China (2018.10.26-2018.10.30)] 2018 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia) - Wireless Power Transfer for 3D Printed Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Systems
摘要： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted a lot of attention for various applications such as service delivery, pollution mitigation, farming, and rescue operations over the past few years. However, the short duration of battery and the inconvenience of changing it is always a problem. Basically, small UAVs can only carry very limited payloads otherwise the battery will be drained more frequently. This project presents an automatic and high-efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) to supply a 3D printed UAV. A UAV has been 3D printed with wireless power transfer kit implemented to charge 3S 1500 mAh Li-Po battery with up to 1000 mAh automatically once it is landed, without manual operation. 24V DC is supplied to the transmitting side of WPT with the operating frequency at 180kHz and once the battery is fully charged, the charging process will also stop automatically.
关键词： Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV),Wireless Power Transfer,3D Printing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - Saint-Petersburg, Russia (2018.11.26-2018.11.30)] 2018 Wave Electronics and its Application in Information and Telecommunication Systems (WECONF) - The Problem of Determination of Coordinates of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using a Two-Position System Ground Radar
摘要： the features of modern methods for detecting and determining the coordinates of small unmanned aerial vehicles using a two-position ground radar system are considered. It is proposed to use the methods developed for multi-sensor radar systems. The limitations and advantages of the two-position radar system are shown. The main potential characteristics of the system and the corresponding restrictions on the conditions of its effective application are determined. Potential characteristics are obtained by simulation methods using mathematical models built on the basis of experimental data.
关键词： two-position system,radar system,detection of objects,trajectory coordinates,unmanned aerial vehicle,determination of coordinates,air object,joint information processing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 5th International Conference on Methods and Systems of Navigation and Motion Control (MSNMC) - Kiev, Ukraine (2018.10.16-2018.10.18)] 2018 IEEE 5th International Conference on Methods and Systems of Navigation and Motion Control (MSNMC) - Analysis of Solar Rechargeable Airplane
摘要： In this paper, main goal focused on analysis for solar rechargeable airplane. This analysis has in configuration flow parameters that represent time and location of the starting point, solar cells performance and surface area, energy storage characteristics with initial state and power distribution for on-board systems. Simulation provides full continuous flight day performance for available power acquired from the Sun during the flight time, required power that unmanned aerial vehicle actually use and on-board battery bank’s state of charge.
关键词： solar cells,unmanned aerial vehicle,solar rechargeable airplane,Simulink,Design analysis,solar power
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 10th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC) - Hangzhou, China (2018.8.25-2018.8.26)] 2018 10th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC) - A Low-Complexity Autonomous 3D Localization Method for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles by Binocular Stereovision Technology
摘要： The unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) boast for their small size, low cost, flexible maneuverability and good stealth, and are thus widely used in geological survey, target tracking and other fields. Without the expensive and bulky precision inertial navigation equipments, UAV could be difficult to localize during its course of flight because barely no global positioning system (GPS) signals can be detected. In order to address these issues, an autonomous three-dimensional (3D) localization method for UAV based on binocular stereovision technology is proposed in this conference paper. First, the optical principle of binocular stereovision technology and the estimation algorithm for the distance between the camera and the target are introduced. Then, both the least-squares (LS) and the least mean square (LMS) methods are applied in the localization algorithm. The complexities of both methods are calculated and compared. Simulation results validate that the proposed UAV autonomous 3D positioning method based on LMS has high positioning accuracy, strong universality and low complexity.
关键词： Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,Autonomous 3D positioning,RSS positioning,Binocular technology
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Successive DSPE-based coherently distributed sources parameters estimation for unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with antennas array
摘要： In electronic countermeasures and reconnaissance, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has played a more and more significant role. Usually when UAV conducts low altitude reconnaissance, due to the complicated environment, the reflected signals of the same source through different propagation paths will produce multipath signals. In this paper, we construct the received multipath signals of UAV with antennas array as coherently distributed (CD) sources model and propose a successive distributed signal parameter estimation (S-DSPE) algorithm to estimate its nominal direction of arrival (DOA) and angular spread. The proposed algorithm simplifies two-dimensional (2D) spectral peak searching within the conventional DSPE algorithm to one-dimensional spectral peak searching, which remarkably reduces the computational complexity of conventional DSPE algorithm. Furthermore, the parameters estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is close to the conventional DSPE algorithm, and outperforms the estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPIRT) algorithm and propagator method(PM). The simulations results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.
关键词： Distributed signal parameter estimation (DSPE),Nominal direction of arrival (DOA),Coherently distributed(CD),Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21