研究目的
Investigating the effect of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as an interface modifier for the perovskite layer on the photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
研究成果
The PABA treatment significantly improved the photovoltaic performance of PSCs by enhancing the open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency. This improvement is attributed to the suppression of carrier trap states and the improvement in the morphologies of perovskite films. The study provides a simple and effective protocol for enhancing the device performance of PSCs.
研究不足
The study focuses on the modification of MAPbI3 perovskite films with PABA and its effects on photovoltaic performance. The limitations include the specific conditions under which the experiments were conducted and the potential need for further optimization of PABA concentration and treatment conditions for broader applicability.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the modification of the photoactive layer of PSC, CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3), by spin-coating a layer of PABA to enhance the device performance.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
MAPbI3 films were prepared by an antisolvent step from a solution of methylammonium iodide (MAI) and PbI2 in a mixed solvent of dimethyl formamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Materials included FK209, MAI, formamidinium iodide, Spiro-OMeTAD, SnO2 nanoparticles, PbI2, PABA, DMF, DMSO, and other chemicals. Equipment included a UV–vis spectrophotometer, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, Raman measurement system, Keithley 2450 semiconductor characterization system, and others.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The MAPbI3 films were prepared and then treated with PABA solutions at different concentrations, followed by secondary annealing. The devices were then characterized for their photovoltaic performance.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The data were analyzed using various characterization techniques including SEM, XRD, UV–vis, PL, Raman, J–V, EQE, OCVD, TRCE, and TRPL measurements.
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UV–vis spectrophotometer
Hitachi U-4100
Hitachi
Used to characterize the absorption spectra of the planar perovskite films.
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Field-emission scanning electron microscopy
FEI, Quanta 200F
FEI
Used for morphological images and composition analysis of perovskite films.
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X-ray diffractometer
Rigaku D/max-2500 diffractometer
Rigaku
Used to measure the crystal structures of the perovskite films.
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Keithley 2450 semiconductor characterization system
Keithley 2450
Keithley
Used for photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) curves measurement.
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Keithley 2000 multimeter
Keithley 2000
Keithley
Used for EQE measurement.
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Digital oscilloscope
Lecroy, Wavesurfer 64Xs
Lecroy
Used in OCVD experiments.
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Hamamatsu 479 nm diode laser
Hamamatsu 479 nm
Hamamatsu
Used as the excitation source in TRPL experiments.
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FK209
Dysol Co.
Used in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells.
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MAI
Xi’an Polymer Technology Co.
Used in the preparation of MAPbI3 films.
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Spiro-OMeTAD
Xi’an Polymer Technology Co.
Used as a hole transport material in perovskite solar cells.
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SnO2 nanoparticles
tin (IV) oxide, 15% in H2O colloidal dispersion
Alfa Aesar
Used in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells.
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PbI2
Alfa Aesar
Used in the preparation of MAPbI3 films.
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PABA
J&K Co.
Used as an interface modifier for the perovskite layer.
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DMF
J&K Co.
Used as a solvent in the preparation of MAPbI3 films.
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DMSO
J&K Co.
Used as a solvent in the preparation of MAPbI3 films.
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Raman measurement system
XploRA PLUS
Horiba Scientific Ltd.
Used for Raman measurement of the perovskite films.
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Newport-69911 solar simulator
Newport-69911
Newport
Used to provide simulated AM 1.5 sunlight at 100 mW cm?2 irradiance.
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Pulse laser
532 nm, pulse width: 7 ns
Used in OCVD experiments to generate the photovoltage.
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Fluorescent spectrophotometer
Delta flex
Used for TRPL measurements.
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