1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved the fabrication of Pr-doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3 thin film using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method on a SrRuO3-electroded Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single-crystal substrate. The influence of substrate temperature, oxygen pressure, and deposition time on the film's properties was studied.

2：5Na5)TiO3–BaTiO3 thin film using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method on a SrRuO3-electroded Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 single-crystal substrate. The influence of substrate temperature, oxygen pressure, and deposition time on the film's properties was studied. Sample Selection and Data Sources:

2. Sample Selection and Data Sources: The samples were prepared from a ceramic target of 0.93(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–0.07BaTiO3 doped with 0.5 mol% Pr, sintered at 1200°C for 2 h.

3：93(Bi5Na5)TiO3–07BaTiO3 doped with 5 mol% Pr, sintered at 1200°C for 2 h. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment used included X-ray diffraction (XRD, D8 Focus, Bruker, Germany), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, S-4800, Hitachi, Japan), ferroelectric analyzer (TF2000, Aixacct, Aachen, Germany), and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM, MFP-3D, Asylum Research, USA).

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The film was deposited at 780°C and 30 Pa, with in-situ annealing performed at an oxygen pressure followed by natural cooling.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The crystallographic structure was analyzed using XRD, surface and cross-sectional structure by FESEM, ferroelectric properties by a ferroelectric analyzer, and domain structure by PFM.