研究目的
Investigating the influence of surface ligands on the energetics at FASnI3/C60 interfaces and their impact on photovoltaic performance.
研究成果
The study presents the first direct measurements of the frontier electronic energy levels across the FASnI3/C60 interface, showing band bending in both materials and transport gap widening in FASnI3 at the interface with C60. Surface ligand treatment, especially with a fluorinated carboxylic acid derivative, improves photovoltaic stability, although iodide diffusion persists. The findings highlight the importance of understanding and controlling interfacial energetics for improving the performance of perovskite solar cells.
研究不足
The study is limited by the sensitive nature of FASnI3 fabrication and ligand treatment, leading to significant set-to-set variations in photovoltaic device performance. Additionally, the surface coverage of ligands like FNCA is estimated at only 20-40%, which may not fully prevent iodide diffusion.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employs a combination of ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), inverse photoelectron spectroscopy (IPES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to measure the frontier electronic energy levels across the FASnI3/C60 interface.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
FASnI3 samples are prepared on PEDOT:PSS covered ITO substrates. C60 is deposited incrementally on FASnI3, and measurements are taken at each thickness increment.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
PHI 5600 UHV system for photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, Excitech H Lyman-α lamp for UPS, Kimball Physics ELG-2 electron gun for IPES, and a dual anode Mg?Al X-ray excitation source for XPS.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Solution processed films are fabricated and transferred under a nitrogen atmosphere. UPS and XPS measurements are conducted within 24 h of sample fabrication. IPES measurements are performed in the Bremsstrahlung isochromat mode.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
UPS and IPES data are analyzed to determine the ionization energy (IE) and electron affinity (EA). XPS data are used to study the surface stoichiometry and band bending.
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