研究目的
To study and optimize the parameters of combined hot-work tool steel wire (H11) and niobium powder (Nb) deposition by laser, focusing on refining the microstructure of H11 tool steel through the novel wire- and powder-based laser metal deposition (WP-LMD) process.
研究成果
The WP-LMD process showed potential for refining the microstructure of H11 tool steel with the addition of Nb powder, resulting in crack-free clads with refined microstructures. However, the hardness was lower than required for hot forging applications, indicating the need for further optimization of Nb content and/or post-deposition heat treatment.
研究不足
The study resulted in a much lower hardness material, not suitable for hot forging application. Future study will adjust the amount of Nb below 1 wt.% to maintain appropriate hardness and refine microstructure.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A full factorial design of experiments was conducted to refine the microstructure of H11 tool steel using WP-LMD process. The process parameters included laser average power, wire feed rate, laser feed rate, and powder flow rate.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
A plate of H11 tool steel was used as substrate. QuFe23 welding wire made of H11 tool steel and gas atomized Nb powder were selected as deposition materials.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The main system components included a diode laser, a coaxial powder nozzle, and a wire feeding system. Argon was used as shielding and powder carrier gas.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The QuFe23 wire was laterally fed and melted by the laser beam, depositing on the H11 substrate as a clad. Nb powder particles were delivered coaxially into the molten pool.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Post-analysis included metallography, SEM, BSD, EDX, and Vickers microhardness measurement.
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