研究目的
Investigating the role of side-branching in microstructure development in alloys fabricated by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing.
研究成果
Side-branching plays a crucial role in microstructure development in LPBF, enabling crystals to adapt to changes in thermal gradient and scan strategy. This mechanism leads to grain broadening and helical growth patterns, offering new avenues for microstructure control in additive manufacturing.
研究不足
The study focuses on single-phase FCC alloys, limiting the generalizability to multi-phase systems. The FEA simulation simplifies some physical phenomena of melt pool dynamics and laser-material interaction. The influence of fluid flow in the melt pool was not included in the simulation, which could affect thermal profiles.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study examines the microstructure development in cubic crystal phases of stainless steel 316L and high entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The methodology includes single-track and multi-layer builds to understand crystal growth from single tracks to multiple tracks under various scan strategies.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources
Two cubic alloys, stainless steel 316L and high entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi, were selected for their single-phase face-centred cubic (FCC) structure and similar solidification behavior. Samples were fabricated using a Renishaw AM250 printer with specific parameters for each alloy.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Renishaw AM250 printer, Zeiss Sigma 300 and Zeiss Auriga Cross Beam FEG-SEMs equipped with a Bruker e-FlashHR EBSD detector, Bruker D2 PHASER for X-ray diffraction, Struers Accutom-50 for sectioning, and various polishing materials.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
Samples were sectioned, polished, and etched to reveal solidification microstructures. Microstructural features were studied using SEM and EBSD. Hardness measurements were conducted to assess mechanical properties. Thermal field simulation was performed using Abaqus FE software to predict melt pool shape, size, and thermal gradients.
5:Data Analysis Methods
EBSD maps were analyzed using Bruker Esprit 2.0 software. Thermal gradients and solidification velocities were calculated from FEA simulation data using Matlab. Hardness data was statistically analyzed to assess anisotropy.
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Zeiss Sigma 300
Sigma 300
Zeiss
Field emission scanning electron microscope used for microstructural examination.
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Zeiss Auriga Cross Beam
Auriga Cross Beam
Zeiss
FEG-SEM equipped with EBSD detector for crystallographic orientation mapping.
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Bruker e-FlashHR
e-FlashHR
Bruker
Electron backscattered diffraction detector for crystallographic analysis.
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Bruker D2 PHASER
D2 PHASER
Bruker
X-ray diffractometer for phase identification.
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Struers Accutom-50
Accutom-50
Struers
Precision cutting machine for sample preparation.
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Renishaw AM250
AM250
Renishaw
Laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing printer used to fabricate samples.
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