研究目的
To reduce the negative influence of the skin effect and improve the quality of the copper foil by proposing a laser shock flattening (LSF) method to manufacture profile-free copper foil with high performance.
研究成果
The LSF technique effectively reduces the surface roughness of copper foil, improves its mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and enables the fabrication of large-area profile-free copper foil with high performance for ultra-high-frequency signal communication and printed circuit board manufacture.
研究不足
The study focuses on the effects of LSF on copper foil and does not explore its applicability to other materials or under different environmental conditions. The optimization of LSF parameters is based on specific experimental conditions and may vary with different setups.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The LSF technique was proposed to manufacture profile-free copper foil with high performance. Single-spot and large-area LSF experiments were performed using different pulse energy values and overlap ratios.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
36-μm-thick copper foil was used as the experimental material, annealed at 723 K for 1 h in a vacuum environment before flattening.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
A pulsed laser (Hercules-1000-TH), atomic force microscope (AFM) (CSPM5500), optical microscopy (OM) (LEICA DM4 M), high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FSEM) (MAIA3 LMH), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (JEM2100), nano-indentation tests with a standard Berkovich diamond indenter (Agilent U9820A, Nano Indenter G200), micro-tensile test bench (MTS-450), and an electrochemical workstation (CHI660D).
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The copper foil was flattened using LSF with varying pulse energies and overlap ratios. The surface roughness, microstructures, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance were then characterized.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
The surface roughness values were determined using AFM, microstructures were characterized using TEM, and mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were evaluated through nano-indentation, micro-tensile, and electrochemical corrosion tests.
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pulsed laser
Hercules-1000-TH
Provided laser pulses for the LSF process.
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atomic force microscope
CSPM5500
Determined the surface roughness values of the copper foil.
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optical microscopy
LEICA DM4 M
Observed the surface morphologies and cross-sectional thicknesses.
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high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy
MAIA3 LMH
Observed the surface morphologies and cross-sectional thicknesses.
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transmission electron microscopy
JEM2100
Characterised the microstructures of the copper foil.
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nano-indentation tests with a standard Berkovich diamond indenter
Agilent U9820A, Nano Indenter G200
Determined the load–displacement curves, nano-hardnesses, and elastic modulus of the copper foil.
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micro-tensile test bench
MTS-450
Measured the tensile strengths and elongations.
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electrochemical workstation
CHI660D
Researched the corrosion resistances in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.
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