研究目的
Investigating the effect of methylammonium iodide (MAI) loading time on the morphology and crystalline structure of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite thin films to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells.
研究成果
The optimal MAI loading time was found to be 40 seconds, resulting in a perovskite solar cell with a PCE of 12.04%. The study demonstrated that controlling the MAI loading time is crucial for optimizing the morphology and crystalline structure of the perovskite layer, thereby enhancing the solar cell's efficiency. The presence of residual PbI2 and the morphology of the perovskite layer significantly influence the photovoltaic performance.
研究不足
The study was conducted under ambient conditions with a relative humidity of 32 ± 2%, which may affect the reproducibility and stability of the perovskite solar cells. The research focused on small-scale laboratory fabrication, and scalability to larger areas was not addressed.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study employed a two-step spin-coating method to fabricate mesoporous perovskite solar cells with the structure glass/FTO/compact TiO2/mesoporous TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3)/P3HT/Au. The morphology and crystalline structure of the perovskite thin film were controlled by varying the MAI loading times (0s, 20s, 30s, 40s, 60s) on PbI2 film.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrates were used as the base for the solar cells. The substrates were cleaned and treated with UV-ozone before the deposition of TiO2 layers and the perovskite absorber layer.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Key materials included CH3NH3I (MAI), PbI2, TiO2 paste, P3HT, and Au for electrodes. Equipment included a spin coater, thermal evaporator, FESEM (HITACHI S-4160 and TESCAN), UV–visible spectrophotometer (Avantes Spec 2048), X-ray diffractometer (Philips: X’Pert MPD), and Ivium stat potentiostat for J-V measurements.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The fabrication process involved cleaning and patterning FTO substrates, depositing compact and mesoporous TiO2 layers, spin-coating PbI2 and MAI solutions to form the perovskite layer, depositing P3HT as the hole transport layer, and finally evaporating Au electrodes. The MAI loading time was varied to study its effect on the perovskite layer's properties.
5：Data Analysis Methods
The structural properties were analyzed using XRD, morphology by FESEM, optical properties by UV–visible spectroscopy, and photovoltaic performance by J-V measurements. The Williamson–Hall equation was used to calculate crystallite sizes and lattice strains.
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