1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

Utilized a highly sensitive metamaterial based THz biosensor for label-free sensing of human tumor markers. High affinity binding of the specific protein to DNA is used for localized functionalization to enhance detection sensitivity.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Used the protein early growth response 2 (EGR2) as probe material, which is a transcription factor expressed by the melanoma cell line Mel Im.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

All-electronic THz spectroscopic system in transmission mode with a bandwidth from 220 GHz to 320 GHz, asymmetric double split ring resonators (aDSR) as metamaterial structure.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Functionalization of aDSR structures with dsDNA to specifically measure the binding of the target protein. Measurements before and after functionalization to determine the shift of the resonance frequency.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Comparison of measurements before and after the functionalization process to determine the shift of the resonance frequency.