研究目的
To grow and characterize sodium fumarate-boric acid tetrahydrate single crystals, evaluating their structural, optical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties for potential applications in photonics and electronics.
研究成果
Sodium fumarate-boric acid tetrahydrate crystals exhibit excellent optical transparency, thermal stability up to 142.92°C, soft mechanical nature with reverse indentation size effect, and dielectric properties influenced by hydration. These characteristics make it suitable for photonic and electronic devices, with potential for further research to improve material properties for practical applications.
研究不足
The crystal shows mechanical softness and cracks under high loads, thermal instability upon dehydration, and dielectric properties dependent on hydrated water, limiting high-temperature and high-stress applications. Optimization could involve doping or composite formation to enhance stability and mechanical strength.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed a slow evaporation solution technique for crystal growth, with characterization using X-ray diffraction, FTIR, UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, thermal analysis, microhardness testing, dielectric measurements, and impedance analysis to understand material properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Sodium fumarate-boric acid tetrahydrate crystals were synthesized from fumaric acid, sodium hydroxide, and boric acid purchased from Merck, using de-ionized water as solvent. Crystals were grown at room temperature over a week.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes Bruker D8 Quest and D8 advance X-ray diffractometers, Perkin Elmer Fourier Transform spectrometer, Perkin Elmer Lambda 35 spectrometer, Perkin Elmer thermal analyzer, Vickers hardness tester (Shimadzu model-HMV), digital LCR instrument, and impedance analyzer. Materials include fumaric acid, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, de-ionized water, KBr pellets.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Saturated solutions were prepared, mixed, stirred, filtered, and allowed to evaporate slowly. Crystals were harvested and analyzed using various techniques: XRD for structure, FTIR for bonding, UV-Vis for transparency, fluorescence for emission, TGA/DSC for thermal stability, microhardness for mechanical properties, dielectric and impedance for electrical properties.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using equations for strain (Hall-Williamson), optical band gap, Vickers hardness, Meyer's index, Hays-Kendall approach, proportional specimen resistance model, dielectric constant, AC conductivity (Jonscher's law), and impedance spectroscopy.
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