1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study aimed to synthesize a CdS/PS heterostructure for glucose biosensing using sol-gel spin coating. Electrochemical techniques (CV, EIS, Chronoamperometry) were employed to evaluate properties.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Porous silicon (PS) was prepared from boron-doped p-type silicon wafers. CdS thin film was coated on PS using a precursor solution of Cd(NO3)2.4H2O and (NH2)2CS in ethanol.

3：4H2O and (NH2)2CS in ethanol. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included an X-ray diffractometer (Model XRD-6000, Shimadzu, Japan), FESEM (Quanta SEG-200), EDAX (Bruker), and CHI workstation (CHI 600D) with a three-electrode system (platinum wire counter electrode, Ag/AgCl reference electrode, CdS/PS working electrode). Materials included silicon wafers, ethanol, Cd(NO3)2.4H2O, (NH2)2CS, KOH, KCl, ferric cyanide, PBS.

4：4H2O, (NH2)2CS, KOH, KCl, ferric cyanide, PBS. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: PS was prepared by electrochemical etching. CdS sol-gel was spin-coated on PS at 1000 rpm for 30 sec, annealed at 400°C for 1 hour. Electrochemical measurements were conducted in specific electrolytes (e.g., 2.0 M KOH) at various scan rates and potentials.

5：0 M KOH) at various scan rates and potentials. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: XRD for structural analysis, SEM and EDAX for morphology and elemental analysis, CV, EIS, and Chronoamperometry for electrochemical behavior. Data were analyzed using linear regression for sensitivity and detection limit calculations.