研究目的
To establish whether NADH and FAD autofluorescence could be used to non-invasively monitor wound healing dynamics in vivo over time and determine whether an optical redox ratio can serve as a quantitative biomarker of impaired wound healing.
研究成果
The study successfully demonstrated that in vivo multiphoton microscopy can monitor metabolic changes in skin wounds, with the optical redox ratio serving as a sensitive biomarker for impaired healing in diabetic mice. This non-invasive approach provides quantitative insights into keratinocyte proliferation and metabolism, offering potential for clinical applications in wound care diagnostics and treatment monitoring.
研究不足
The study is limited to a mouse model, which may not fully translate to human wound healing. Motion artifacts in FLIM due to long acquisition times could affect data quality. The optical redox ratio measurements might be influenced by other chromophores not fully accounted for, and the method requires specialized equipment not widely available in clinical settings.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed high-speed volumetric multiphoton microscopy (MPM) imaging and image processing to generate 3D maps of metabolism within full-thickness, excisional wounds of diabetic and non-diabetic mice over 10 days. Methods included in vivo MPM for autofluorescence imaging, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), and ex vivo tissue analysis with immunohistochemistry.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
C57BL/6J mice (6 weeks; male) were used, divided into streptozotocin-induced diabetic and control groups. Wounds were created using a sterile biopsy punch, and imaging was performed at days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 post-wounding.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Bruker Ultima Investigator laser scanning microscope, Ti:sapphire laser (Spectra-Physics), 20x, 1.0 NA water-immersion objective (Olympus), GaAsP photomultiplier tubes (Hamamatsu), filters (Chroma), ReliOn Blood Glucose monitor, Tegaderm bandages, Tissue-Tek OCT compound, Ki67 antibody, DAPI stain, and other reagents.
4:0 NA water-immersion objective (Olympus), GaAsP photomultiplier tubes (Hamamatsu), filters (Chroma), ReliOn Blood Glucose monitor, Tegaderm bandages, Tissue-Tek OCT compound, Ki67 antibody, DAPI stain, and other reagents. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Mice were anesthetized and imaged with MPM at wound edges. Z-stacks were acquired rapidly to minimize motion artifacts. Image processing involved registration, averaging, and normalization. FLIM data were collected for NADH lifetime analysis. Ex vivo sections were prepared for H&E staining and Ki67 immunolabeling.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Statistical analysis used two-factor ANOVAs with Tukey's HSD tests and Pearson correlation coefficients. Image processing and analysis were performed in MATLAB and SPCImage software.
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Bruker Ultima Investigator
Ultima Investigator
Bruker
Laser scanning microscope used for multiphoton microscopy imaging.
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Water-immersion objective
20x, 1.0 NA
Olympus
Microscope objective for in vivo imaging with high numerical aperture.
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GaAsP photomultiplier tubes
H10770PB-40
Hamamatsu
Detectors for collecting fluorescence emission signals.
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SPCImage software
6.4
Becker & Hickl Gmbh
Software for processing fluorescence lifetime imaging data.
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Ti:sapphire laser
Not specified
Spectra-Physics
Laser source for multiphoton excitation in microscopy.
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Blood Glucose monitor
ReliOn
ReliOn
Used to monitor blood glucose levels in mice.
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Tegaderm
Not specified
3M
Bandage for wound covering in animal experiments.
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Tissue-Tek OCT compound
Not specified
Sakura Finetek
Embedding compound for freezing tissue samples.
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Ki67 antibody
Polyclonal Ki67 Rabbit IgG
Not specified
Antibody for immunolabeling proliferative cells in tissue sections.
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DAPI stain
Not specified
ThermoFisher Scientific
Nuclear counterstain for fluorescence microscopy.
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MATLAB
Not specified
MathWorks
Software for image processing and data analysis.
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