1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved fabricating pristine glasses (PGs) and glass-ceramics (GCs) through melting and thermal treatment, followed by characterization using XRD, TEM, HR-TEM, transmission spectroscopy, PL, PLE spectra, and fluorescent lifetime measurements to investigate luminescent properties and energy transfer.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples were prepared with specific mol% compositions of 20KF-60SiO2–20ZnF2-xCr2O3-yYbF3 (x = 0.025, 0.035, 0.5; y = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7), using reagent-grade materials. Data were collected from measurements on these samples.

3：025, 035, 5; y = 0, 3, 5, 7), using reagent-grade materials. Data were collected from measurements on these samples. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included a D8 advance X-ray diffractometer (Bruker), transmission electron microscope (Tecnai G2, FEI), UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer (Lambda-900, PerkinElmer), fluorescence spectrometer (FLS920, Edinburgh Instruments), and solar simulator (Solar-500, Nbet). Materials were SiO2, ZnF2, KF, YbF3, Cr2O3, and a Platinum Rhodium crucible.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

PGs were melted at 1500°C, cast, annealed, and heat-treated at 540°C to form GCs. Samples were cut into parallelepipeds for measurements. XRD was performed with Cu-Kα irradiation, TEM/HR-TEM for morphology, transmission spectra measured, and PL/PLE/lifetime spectra recorded under various excitations including a solar simulator.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using exponential fitting for lifetimes, calculation of energy transfer efficiency (ηET = (τ0-τ)/τ0), and comparison of emission intensities and spectra.