1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved designing nanosensors based on silica-coated polystyrene nanoparticles doped with a chromium(III) complex and reference dyes, and labeled with FITC for pH sensing. Methods included synthesis, encapsulation, silanization, and surface functionalization.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Pre-fabricated aminated polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NH2) were used, and studies were conducted in PBS buffer and a model body liquid with bovine serum albumin.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a spectrofluorometer (FSP 920 from Edinburgh Instruments), dynamic light scattering instrument (Zetasizer Nano ZS from Malvern Panalytical), absorption spectrometer (Cary 5000), centrifuge (Centrifuge 5415D from Eppendorf), oxygen meter (Firesting O2 from PyroScience), and pH meter from Hanna Instruments. Materials included PS-NH2 particles from Micromod GmbH, TEOS, APTES, NaBPh4, TFPP, FITC from Sigma-Aldrich, NR from Fluka Chemie GmbH, and synthesized CrBPh

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Nanoparticles were loaded with dyes via a staining procedure, coated with a silica shell using the St?ber process, and functionalized with FITC. Sensing studies involved varying O2 partial pressure, pH, and temperature, with luminescence intensity and lifetime measurements.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using Stern-Volmer plots for O2 sensitivity, Boltzmann plots for temperature sensitivity, and sigmoidal fits for pH sensitivity, with statistical analysis of calibration parameters.