研究目的
To summarize recent progress in controlled synthesis of lanthanide-based NIR-II nanomaterials and their applications in NIR-II biomedical imaging and biosensing, and to discuss challenges and opportunities for these nanoprobes.
研究成果
Lanthanide-based NIR-II nanocrystals offer advantages such as low photobleaching, long luminescence lifetimes, and high tissue penetration, making them promising for bioimaging and biosensing. Future directions include exploring more nanocrystals with tunable emissions, improving quantum yields, developing smarter biosensors, addressing cytotoxicity, and advancing lifetime imaging for multiplexed applications.
研究不足
Relatively low fluorescence quantum yield, difficulty in large-scale synthesis, latent toxicity, and challenges in achieving high quantum efficiency with small-sized nanocrystals. Excitation wavelengths are confined mainly to 700-1000 nm, limiting deeper penetration, and there is a risk of local heating with certain sensitizers like Yb3+.
