研究目的
To review the properties and advancements in van der Waals heterostructures composed of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, focusing on their fabrication, electronic and optical properties, and the novel physics they enable.
研究成果
Graphene-hBN heterostructures enable ultrahigh-quality devices with low disorder, revealing intrinsic physics like quantum Hall effects, exotic correlated states, and modified band structures via moiré superlattices. They offer tunable properties through rotational alignment and interlayer spacing, with applications in quantum computing and optoelectronics. Future research should explore more vdW materials and their combinations.
研究不足
The review is limited to heterostructures of graphene and hBN, excluding other vdW materials. Challenges include controlling rotational alignment and interlayer spacing precisely, intrinsic defects in hBN, and the complexity of many-body interactions. Future work could optimize fabrication for higher quality and explore more materials.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The paper reviews various experimental techniques for fabricating graphene-hBN heterostructures, including dry transfer methods using polymer stamps, and characterization methods such as scanning probe microscopy and transport measurements. Theoretical models like tight-binding theory and Dirac Hamiltonian are employed to describe electronic properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples include exfoliated flakes of graphene and hBN on SiO2 substrates, identified optically. Data are sourced from prior experimental studies referenced in the paper.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes optical microscopes, polypropylene carbonate (PPC) polymer, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer stamps, scanning tunneling microscopes, transmission electron microscopes, plasma etchers (e.g., using CHF3 and O2), and electrical measurement setups. Materials include graphene, hBN, graphite, SiO2 wafers.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Flakes are exfoliated, transferred using dry methods, aligned under a microscope, heated for adhesion, encapsulated, and shaped via plasma etching. Electrical contacts are made, and devices are characterized using techniques like Hall effect measurements and spectroscopy.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data analysis involves measuring resistance, conductivity, capacitance, and using models to interpret quantum Hall effects, band structures, and polaritonic behaviors. Statistical techniques and software tools are implied but not specified.
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