研究目的
Investigating the effect of anatase/rutile phase junction on the photoelectrochemical properties of highly-ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays and explaining the enhanced performance.
研究成果
The anatase/rutile phase junction in TiO2 nanotube arrays, formed by annealing at 500°C with 60% anatase and 40% rutile, significantly enhances photoelectrochemical performance by facilitating electron transfer from rutile to anatase, improving charge separation and transport. This provides insights for designing high-performance photoelectrodes.
研究不足
The study is limited to TiO2 nanotube arrays and specific annealing conditions; the exact location of the anatase-rutile interface is not directly visualized due to sample preparation challenges. Generalizability to other materials or structures may be constrained.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves fabricating TiO2 nanotube arrays via anodization, annealing at various temperatures to form anatase/rutile phase junctions, and characterizing their properties using techniques like SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption, GIA-XRD, EIS, and SRPES to understand charge transfer mechanisms.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Ti foils (99.4% purity, 0.2 mm thickness) were used as substrates. Samples were annealed at 350, 450, 500, 550, and 650°C for 3 hours in ambient air.
3：4% purity, 2 mm thickness) were used as substrates. Samples were annealed at 350, 450, 500, 550, and 650°C for 3 hours in ambient air. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment includes DC power supply for anodization, FESEM (Hitachi S-4800), XRD (Bruker D8), Raman spectrometer (Renishaw InVia), UV-vis spectrophotometer (Persee TU-1901), synchrotron radiation facilities at NSRL, electrochemical workstation (Zahner Zennium), UV-LED light source (370 nm, 0.3 mW/cm2), and standard electrodes (platinum foil, SCE). Materials include glycerol, NH4F, Na2SO4 electrolyte, and BaSO4 reference.
4：3 mW/cm2), and standard electrodes (platinum foil, SCE). Materials include glycerol, NH4F, Na2SO4 electrolyte, and BaSO4 reference. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Ti foils were polished, cleaned, anodized in glycerol/NH4F solution at 25 V for 3 hours, annealed at specified temperatures, and characterized. Photoelectrochemical measurements were done in a three-electrode system under UV illumination, with EIS performed at open circuit potential.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using Scherrer equation for crystallite size, Spurr-Myers formulas for phase fractions, Tauc plots for bandgap calculation, equivalent circuit fitting for EIS data, and SRPES for band alignment determination.
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FESEM
S-4800
Hitachi
Evaluating surface and cross-sectional morphologies of TNTAs
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XRD
D8
Bruker
Detecting crystal phase of TNTAs with Cu Kα radiation
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Raman spectrometer
InVia
Renishaw
Characterizing Raman spectra with 514 nm laser excitation
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UV-vis spectrophotometer
TU-1901
Persee
Recording diffuse reflectance spectra using BaSO4 reference
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Electrochemical workstation
Zennium
Zahner
Characterizing photoelectrochemical properties in a three-electrode system
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UV-LED light source
Illuminating TNTAs electrodes with wavelength 370 nm and light intensity 0.3 mW/cm2
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DC power supply
Providing voltage for anodization
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