研究目的
To develop and evaluate Ag-TiO2-x(B)/g-C3N4 ternary heterojunctions as enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of pollutants and hydrogen production.
研究成果
The Ag-TiO2-x(B)/g-C3N4 ternary photocatalyst exhibits significantly enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity due to effective heterojunction formation, surface plasmon resonance from Ag nanoparticles, and surface engineering introducing Ti3+ and oxygen vacancies. It shows high efficiency in pollutant degradation and hydrogen production, with good stability, making it a promising candidate for solar energy applications.
研究不足
The study may have limitations in scalability for industrial applications, potential stability issues over long-term use, and the need for optimization in reducing agent usage and cost-effectiveness. The specific light sources and conditions might not fully represent natural solar irradiation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves fabricating ternary heterojunctions using hydrothermal-calcination, photo-deposition, and in-situ solid-state chemical reduction procedures to enhance photocatalytic activity under visible light. Theoretical models include band gap engineering and heterojunction formation to improve charge separation.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples include pristine TiO2(B) nanorods, g-C3N4 sheets, and their composites. Selection is based on material properties for photocatalytic applications. Data are acquired through various characterization techniques.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Mott-Schottky analysis. Materials include TiO2 precursors, melamine for g-C3N4, silver nitrate for Ag deposition, and sodium borohydride for reduction.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Steps involve synthesis of TiO2(B) nanorods via hydrothermal method, preparation of g-C3N4 sheets by calcination, formation of heterojunctions by calcining mixtures, Ag deposition via photo-reduction, and surface engineering with NaBH4 reduction. Characterization and photocatalytic tests (degradation of NH4+ and Cr6+, hydrogen evolution) are performed under visible light irradiation.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data are analyzed using software for XRD, XPS, etc.; reaction rate constants are calculated from photocatalytic degradation curves; band gaps are determined from UV-vis spectra; charge transfer resistances are derived from EIS Nyquist plots.
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X-ray diffraction
Used to detect crystal structures and crystalline phases of the samples.
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Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Used to analyze the composition structure of the nanocomposites.
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Scanning electron microscopy
Used to observe the morphologies and microstructures of the samples.
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Transmission electron microscopy
Used for detailed morphological and structural analysis, including HRTEM and SAED.
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Used to detect surface chemical states, bonding configuration, and chemical composition.
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UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Used to measure optical characteristics and band gaps of the samples.
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Used to analyze charge transfer resistance.
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Mott-Schottky analysis
Used to determine flat potentials and semiconductor type.
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