研究目的
To develop and characterize BiOCl/rGO photocatalysts for efficient degradation of organic pollutants like rhodamine B under white-light LED and sunlight irradiation, aiming for environmental water treatment applications.
研究成果
BiOCl/rGO photocatalysts exhibit high photocatalytic activity, stability, and reusability for degrading organic pollutants under wLED and sunlight irradiation, with superoxide radicals playing a key role. They show promise for practical environmental applications, though further research on heterojunction composites is recommended.
研究不足
The study may have limitations in scalability for industrial applications, potential interference from complex water matrices reducing efficiency, and the need for further optimization of photocatalyst composition and light source intensity.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A facile and template-free two-step synthesis was used to prepare BiOCl/GO and BiOCl/rGO photocatalysts. Reduction of GO to rGO was achieved via UV irradiation without harsh chemicals. Photocatalytic degradation experiments were conducted under wLED and sunlight irradiation to evaluate performance.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included BiOCl, BiOCl/GO, BiOCl/rGO, and TiO2 (P25) as a reference. Pollutants tested were rhodamine B (RhB), phenol, rhodamine 6G, methylene blue, and fast green FCF in deionized water and environmental water samples (lake, pond, sea water).
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included transmission electron microscope (JEOL-2010), scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S-2400), X-ray diffractometer (SMART APEX II), micro-Raman system (Thermo Fisher), FT-IR spectrophotometer (Agilent Cary 600), XPS spectrometer (VG ESCA210), UV-Vis spectrometer (Evolution 200), BET surface area analyzer (PMI C-BET 201 A), wLED light source (PCX-50C), UV-Vis microplate reader (Synergy H1 Hybrid Multi-Mode), TOC analyzer (Elementar Acquray), electrochemical analyzer (CHI-6122E), and fluorescence spectrometer (Varian Cary Eclipse). Materials included chemicals like bismuth nitrate, graphene oxide, rhodamine B, phenol, and scavengers (t-BuOH, EDTA, BQ).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
BiOCl was synthesized hydrothermally. GO was prepared by Hummers' method and reduced to rGO via UV irradiation. Photocatalysts were characterized using various techniques. Photocatalytic degradation tests involved mixing photocatalyst with pollutant solution, irradiating with wLED or sunlight, sampling at intervals, and analyzing concentration changes. Scavenger tests and stability cycles were performed.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using pseudo-first-order kinetics for degradation rates, UV-Vis spectroscopy for concentration measurements, TOC analysis for mineralization, and statistical methods for standard deviations.
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Transmission Electron Microscope
JEOL-2010
JEOL
Obtaining TEM images for characterization of photocatalysts.
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Scanning Electron Microscope
Hitachi S-2400
Hitachi High Technologies Corporation
Obtaining SEM images and EDX spectra for morphological and elemental analysis.
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Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer
QUANTAX Annular XFlash QUAD FQ5060
Bruker Nano
Elemental analysis via EDX spectroscopy.
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FT-IR Spectrophotometer
Agilent Cary 600
Agilent Technologies
Collecting FT-IR data for functional group analysis.
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UV-Vis Spectrometer
Evolution 200
Thermo Fisher
Recording UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra for optical properties.
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Electrochemical Analyzer
CHI-6122E
CH Instruments, Inc.
Measuring photocurrent and charge transfer resistance for charge separation efficiency.
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Fluorescence Spectrometer
Varian Cary Eclipse
Agilent Technologies, Inc.
Collecting photoluminescence spectra for recombination rate analysis.
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X-ray Diffractometer
SMART APEX II
Bruker AXS
Recording XRD patterns for crystal structure analysis.
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Micro-Raman System
Thermo Fisher
Obtaining Raman spectra for structural characterization.
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XPS Spectrometer
VG ESCA210
VG Scientific
Performing XPS for surface chemical composition analysis.
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BET Surface Area Analyzer
PMI C-BET 201 A
Porous Materials Inc.
Characterizing specific surface area of photocatalysts.
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wLED Light Source
PCX-50C
Beijing Perfect Light Technology Co., Ltd
Providing irradiation for photocatalytic degradation experiments.
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UV-Vis Microplate Reader
Synergy H1 Hybrid Multi-Mode
Biotek Instruments, Inc.
Determining pollutant concentration colorimetrically.
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TOC Analyzer
Elementar Acquray
Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH
Measuring total organic carbon content during degradation.
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TiO2 Photocatalyst
P25
Used as a reference photocatalyst for comparison.
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