研究目的
To determine the influence of illumination conditions, including diaphragm apertures and spectral width, on the depth-of-focus and imaging contrast in microsphere-assisted microscopy.
研究成果
The illumination conditions significantly affect the imaging contrast and depth-of-focus in microsphere-assisted microscopy. Closing diaphragm apertures and reducing spectral bandwidth improve contrast and increase depth-of-focus. The technique achieves a lateral resolution of 200 nm, equivalent to a numerical aperture of 1.62, but optical aberrations accumulate and distort the contrast transfer function.
研究不足
The study is conducted in air, and the microsphere diameter is fixed at 26 μm, which may not cover all possible sizes. The illumination conditions are specific to the K?hler arrangement, and the results might vary with different setups or media.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses a reflection configuration with a commercial optical microscope. Experimental measurements and computer simulations (finite element method) are performed to analyze the impact of illumination conditions. The K?hler arrangement is used for illumination control.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The object is an array of silver nanodots (200 nm by 300 nm) or Ronchi rulings fabricated by FIB etching. Samples are characterized using atomic force microscopy.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Includes a Zeiss optical microscope (AxioScope.A1), halogen lamp, wavelength filters (cyan and blue-line), glass microspheres (26 μm diameter, soda-lime-glass), nano-positioning device (P-611.3S Nanocube), and camera (AxioCAM ICC3).
4：3S Nanocube), and camera (AxioCAM ICC3). Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The microsphere is placed on the object, and virtual images are recorded at different axial positions by displacing the object and microsphere. The depth-of-focus is measured using the FWHM of axial contrast curves. Imaging contrast is calculated based on intensity values.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Contrast transfer function (CTF) is measured using Ronchi rulings. Simulations involve electromagnetic propagation calculations and summing intensity distributions over the wavelength spectrum.
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wavelength filter
SP585/27
MIDOPT
Limits the spectral width of the light source to study temporal coherence effects.
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wavelength filter
FL441.6-10
Thorlabs
Limits the spectral width of the light source to study temporal coherence effects.
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microscope objective
Epiplan
Zeiss
Collects and directs the image in the imaging section.
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camera
AxioCAM ICC3
Zeiss
Records the super-resolution images.
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nano-positioning device
P-611.3S Nanocube
Physik Instrumente
Displaces the object and microsphere along the optical axis for axial sampling.
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optical microscope
AxioScope.A1
Zeiss
Used for experimental measurements in microsphere-assisted microscopy.
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halogen lamp
Provides continuous-spectrum illumination for the microscope.
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glass microsphere
Placed on the object to generate a magnified virtual image for super-resolution imaging.
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