1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

Chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) deposition technique was used to synthesize silver-doped and undoped ZnS thin films on soda-lime glass substrates at 400 °C, with varying silver concentrations (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%). The method was chosen for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of doping.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Solutions of ZnCl2, CS(NH2)2, and AgNO3 in double distilled water were prepared with specific molar concentrations to achieve the desired doping levels. Substrates were cleaned prior to deposition.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a Bruker D2 phaser table-top model diffractometer for XRD, JEOL JSM-6360 scanning electron microscope for SEM, UV-1800 Shimadzu UV-VIS spectrophotometer for optical analysis, Raman Bruker-MultiRAM spectrometer for Raman spectra, Perkin Elmer Spectrum One spectrometer for FTIR, Flouromax-4 spectrofluorimeter for photoluminescence, XP Stylus Profiler Instrument for thickness measurement, and a contact angle meter for surface energy analysis. Materials included ZnCl2, CS(NH2)2, AgNO3, and soda-lime glass substrates.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Solutions were sprayed onto preheated substrates at 400 °C with a nozzle-to-substrate distance of 20 cm. Films were characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR, UV-VIS, Raman, photoluminescence, and contact angle measurements to analyze structural, morphological, and optical properties.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using standard techniques such as Tauc plot for energy gap calculation, formulas for refractive index, extinction coefficient, dielectric constants, and optical conductivity, with comparisons to literature values.