研究目的
To develop a CT/fluorescence dual-modality nanoprobe for noninvasive, long-distance tracing of the lymphatic system and surveying tumor lymphatic metastasis.
研究成果
The PL(I/D)NP nanoprobe enables noninvasive, long-distance mapping of the lymphatic system, including deep tissue parts, and accurately identifies lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer models, showing high clinical potential.
研究不足
The study notes challenges in diagnosing metastasis when LN expansion is limited compared to normal LNs. Future improvements could involve conjugating tumor-targeting ligands to nanoparticles and measuring CT attenuation decay rates for better accuracy.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study designed a phospholipid nanoprobe (PL(I/D)NP) loaded with Lipiodol and DiR-BOA for dual-modality imaging. The experimental design involved optimizing nanoparticle formulations for size and stability, characterizing in vitro properties, and evaluating in vivo lymphatic tracing and metastasis diagnosis using micro-CT and fluorescence imaging. Theoretical models included nanoparticle size optimization for lymphatic drainage and SR-B1 receptor targeting.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Mouse models (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) were used for in vivo studies. Cell lines included 4T1 murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells, ldlA7 cells, and ldlA(mSR-B1) cells. Samples were selected based on standard animal and cell culture protocols.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included Zetasizer Nano-ZS90 for DLS, transmission electron microscope (TECNAI G2), UV2550 UV-vis spectrophotometer, LS55 luminescence spectrometer, custom-made micro-CT system, confocal microscope (Zeiss LSM 710), flow cytometer (Guava easyCyte 8HT), and fluorescence imaging systems. Materials included phospholipids (DMPC, DMPE, MHPC, DSPE-PEG2000), Lipiodol, DiR-BOA, Omnipaque, ICG, and other chemicals.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Nanoparticles were prepared via thin-film hydration method, characterized for size, zeta potential, and stability. In vitro imaging and cell uptake studies were performed. In vivo, nanoparticles were injected subcutaneously into mice, and CT/fluorescence imaging was conducted at various time points. Lymph node metastasis models were established with 4T1 cells, and histopathological analysis was done post-imaging.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using MATLAB for CT attenuation, GraphPad Prism for statistical analysis (Student's t-test), and flow cytometry/confocal imaging for quantitative uptake. LN volumes and LV lengths were measured from CT images.
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Zetasizer Nano-ZS90
Nano-ZS90
Malvern
Measuring size and zeta potential of nanoparticles using dynamic light scattering.
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Transmission Electron Microscope
TECNAI G2
FEI Company
Imaging nanoparticle morphology.
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UV-vis Spectrophotometer
UV2550
Shimadzu
Measuring absorbance spectra.
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Luminescence Spectrometer
LS55
PerkinElmer
Measuring fluorescence emission spectra.
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Confocal Microscope
LSM 710
Zeiss
Confocal imaging of cells for nanoparticle uptake studies.
ZEISS LSM 990 Spectral Multiplex
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Flow Cytometer
Guava easyCyte 8HT
Millipore
Quantitative analysis of cell fluorescence for nanoparticle uptake.
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Micro-CT System
Custom-made
In vivo CT imaging of lymphatic system.
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Fluorescence Imaging System
Custom-made
In vivo and in vitro fluorescence imaging.
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Cell Incubator
Thermo
Cell culture under controlled conditions.
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Insulin Syringe
29 G, 31 G
BD
Subcutaneous injection of nanoparticles and cells.
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