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[IEEE 2018 IEEE CSAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference (GNCC) - Xiamen, China (2018.8.10-2018.8.12)] 2018 IEEE CSAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference (CGNCC) - Application of An Adaptive Cubature Kalman Filter in Target Tracking Model of Infrared Semi-strapdown Seeker
摘要： This letter is concerned with experimental results of aircraft positioning by using terrestrial digital broadcasting signal delay. Passive bistatic radar (PBR) is expected to be a conventional primary surveillance radar alternative, and it can also achieve expanding coverage area of the conventional radar. The PBR sensors allow the detection and tracking of noncooperative targets illuminated by transmitters of opportunity such as communication systems [digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTTB), AM/FM, 3G/LTE base stations, etc.] or conventional radar system. Especially, the DTTB signals are the most expected radio waves. In this letter, we show experimental results of aircraft positioning by using the signal delay profile of DTTB whose type is Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting–Terrestrial (ISDB-T) used in Japan. It will be shown that the ISDB-T signal delays are useful surveillance systems.
关键词： multistatic primary surveillance radar (MSPSR),digital terrestrial television broadcasting,passive bistatic radar,signal delay,Aircraft surveillance,Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting–Terrestrial
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - Ottawa, ON, Canada (2019.10.7-2019.10.10)] 2019 International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP) - A Parity-Time-Symmetric Optoelectronic Oscillator Based on Dual-Wavelength Carriers in a Single Spatial Optoelectronic Loop
摘要： This letter is concerned with experimental results of aircraft positioning by using terrestrial digital broadcasting signal delay. Passive bistatic radar (PBR) is expected to be a conventional primary surveillance radar alternative, and it can also achieve expanding coverage area of the conventional radar. The PBR sensors allow the detection and tracking of noncooperative targets illuminated by transmitters of opportunity such as communication systems [digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTTB), AM/FM, 3G/LTE base stations, etc.] or conventional radar system. Especially, the DTTB signals are the most expected radio waves. In this letter, we show experimental results of aircraft positioning by using the signal delay profile of DTTB whose type is Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting–Terrestrial (ISDB-T) used in Japan. It will be shown that the ISDB-T signal delays are useful surveillance systems.
关键词： Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting–Terrestrial,passive bistatic radar,digital terrestrial television broadcasting,multistatic primary surveillance radar (MSPSR),Aircraft surveillance,signal delay
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Reconstructing Aircraft Trajectories from Multi-Return Airborne Laser-Scanning Data
摘要： Data describing aircraft position and attitude are essential to computing return positions from ranging data collected during airborne laser scanning (ALS) campaigns. However, these data are often excluded from the products delivered to the client and their recovery after the contract is complete can require negotiations with the data provider, may involve additional costs, or even be infeasible. This paper presents a rigorous, fully automated, novel method for recovering aircraft positions using only the point cloud. The study used ALS data from five acquisitions in the US Pacific Northwest region states of Oregon and Washington and validated derived aircraft positions using the smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET) provided for the acquisitions. The computational requirements of the method are reduced and precision is improved by relying on subsets of multiple-return pulses, common in forested areas, with widely separated first and last returns positioned at opposite sides of the aircraft to calculate their intersection, or closest point of approach. To provide a continuous trajectory, a cubic spline is fit to the intersection points. While it varies by acquisition and parameter settings, the error in the computed aircraft position seldom exceeded a few meters. This level of error is acceptable for most applications. To facilitate use and encourage modifications to the algorithm, the authors provide a code that can be applied to data from most ALS acquisitions.
关键词： simulation,aircraft position,pulse angle,trajectory,automation,airborne laser scanning
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[Laser Institute of America ILSC? 2019: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference - South Kissimmee, Florida, USA (March 18–21, 2019)] International Laser Safety Conference - Probabilistic laser hazard modelling for a fifth-generation low-observable laser designator system
摘要： The advent of so-called “fifth-generation” low-observable strike aircraft with a laser designation capability raises a potentially unique laser hazard. In order to be “stealthy”, the laser designator is likely to be embedded within the aircraft rather than carried externally as a podded system. The difference between an integrated and a pod-based configuration is that the laser exit window in a stealth design is likely to be fixed to the aircraft fuselage, as opposed to being able to move with the laser beam, and it is also likely to be faceted. Unless carefully engineered, a faceted exit window may generate unintended laser beam reflections resulting in stray laser energy (SLE) emissions, as the laser head rotates within the window assembly. High intensity SLE can engender impractically large laser hazard zones using traditional deterministic analysis techniques. The purpose of this paper is to outline the probabilistic modelling of uncontrolled SLE from a hypothetical integrated laser designator system. The discussion will also show the importance of including the aircraft behaviour in the analysis, due to the effect of the aircraft position relative to the target on the SLE scatter patterns.
关键词： probabilistic modelling,fifth-generation aircraft,laser hazard,stray laser energy,laser designator
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 3rd International Conference on Robotics and Automation Sciences (ICRAS) - Wuhan, China (2019.6.1-2019.6.3)] 2019 3rd International Conference on Robotics and Automation Sciences (ICRAS) - Research on the Development Status of Photovoltaic Panel Cleaning Equipment Based on Patent Analysis
摘要： With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, the cleaning equipment that can effectively improve the solar energy utilization rate by cleaning and maintaining photovoltaic panel comes into being. Dozens of enterprises at home and abroad have developed related products. Based on patent analysis method, trend, key technologies, regional distribution, advanced agencies and technology roadmap of photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment are clarified, to provide intelligence support for further development of related technologies and products by interested companies, universities and research institutes. Research results indicate that photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment related technologies are booming. Japan leads the development of this field. China starts late, but exhibits great R&D enthusiasm towards this field in recent years, and has applied a large number of patents. In terms of equipment type, on-board type cleaning robot is key R&D type. In terms of cleaning scheme, mechanical cleaning, water cleaning, air cleaning and their combination are mainstream. Moreover, there still exists certain technology gaps in the positioning, navigation and safe operation of photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment. Thus, countermeasures and suggestions are presented for the enterprises to further develop photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment related technologies.
关键词： on-board cleaning robot,photovoltaic panel,patent analysis,stand alone cleaning robot,aircraft,cleaning truck
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Integration of Terrestrial Laser Scanning and UAS Photogrammetry in Geological Studies: Examples from Croatia
摘要： Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) in combination with Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) and modern computer based photogrammetry is currently the best approach for the acquisition of high-resolution 3D spatial information. Highly realistic 3D spatial data sets are becoming the basis for detailed geological studies, providing a multidisciplinary approach in the study and research of both underground and above ground sites. To emphasize the variety of possible implementations of these state-of-the-art methodologies, four characteristic and yet quite different case studies are presented where such geodetic techniques are successfully employed. The presented case studies demonstrate that TLS and UAS photogrammetry, as non-contact surveying methods, are able to reduce survey time and total project costs. As added value, they provide high-resolution data that can be analyzed in a virtual environment from a sedimentological or structural aspect. Stored digital documentation also allows future multi-temporal spatial data comparison at any timeframe and scale, thus enhancing any target geological data gathering and analyses at the studied sites.
关键词： 3D virtual model building,Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS),virtual outcrop,Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS),photogrammetry
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[Laser Institute of America ILSC? 2019: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference - South Kissimmee, Florida, USA (March 18–21, 2019)] International Laser Safety Conference - Reducing hazards of consumer laser pointer misuse
摘要： This paper begins with a review of significant laser pointer news since ILSC 2017. These include new laws in the U.K., Canada and Switzerland; an MIT-developed laser pointer detection system, the SAE-published ARP6378 with pilot mitigation recommendations, a review of 111 laser pointer eye injuries worldwide, the status of FDA’s 2016 proposal to allow only red laser pointers, and the new LaserIncidents.com website that lists known databases that compile laser incidents and accidents. The paper then looks at methods for reducing the number and severity of laser pointer incidents. For example, Australia and New Zealand have laws severely restricting ownership of laser pointers over 1 mW. In Australia, aircraft incidents increased significantly after the 2008 ban and currently are roughly equal to U.S. incidents on a per capita basis. In New Zealand, aircraft incidents increased after a ban went into effect in 2014. The ARP6378 document cites pilots as the last line of defense. Pilot education, training and protective eyewear/windscreens are discussed in the document. Changes in labeling are suggested. The usefulness of prosecuting laser offenders is discussed. A summary is given of a Jan. 2019 symposium in Tokyo, seeking new laws and ideas for reducing aircraft incidents, consumer eye injuries, and injuries from laser cosmetic devices. Finally, suggested directions for future research are given.
关键词： misuse,aircraft,pilot training,regulations,hazards,eye injuries,laser pointer,labeling
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Aircraft Detection in Sar Images Using Saliency Based Location Regression Network
摘要： In this paper, a novel framework for aircraft detection in high resolution apron area in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is proposed, which combines the strength of location regression based convolutional neural network （CNN） framework and the salient features of target in SAR images. Specifically, a Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) based target pre-locating algorithm is introduced, which can match the scale of target in SAR images more accurate compared to the existing region proposal method. In addition, in order to eliminate the fact of overfitting, we explore several strategies for SAR data augmentation, including translation, adding noise and rotation within a small range. Experiments are conducted on the data set acquired by the TerraSAR-X satellite in a resolution of 3.0 meters. The results show that the proposed detection framework could e?ectively obtain a more accurate detection result.
关键词： Synthetic Aperture Radar,Data Augmentation,Convolutional Neural Network,Aircraft Detection
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Research and Implementation of Instrument System on a Light-Duty Electric Aircraft Simulator
摘要： Considering the demands of the instrument system on a light-duty electric aircraft simulator, a semi-physical simulation instrument system, which is based on virtual reality and microcontroller technologies, is designed and implemented. Meanwhile, some key technologies are discussed and a general development method is put forward in this paper. After being completed, this simulated instrument system is connected with the flight-computing system to test its performances. The results show that it has real effect, stable operation and real time response. In practice, the instrument system not only meets the demands of the light-duty electric aircraft simulator, but also can be seen as a certain reference to develop the instrument system of other aircraft simulators.
关键词： instrument system,semi-physical simulation,light-duty electric aircraft simulator,virtual reality,microcontroller technologies
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Comparison of CO2 Vertical Profiles in the Lower Troposphere between 1.6 μm Differential Absorption Lidar and Aircraft Measurements Over Tsukuba
摘要： A 1.6 μm differential absorption Lidar (DIAL) system for measurement of vertical CO2 mixing ratio profiles has been developed. A comparison of CO2 vertical profiles measured by the DIAL system and an aircraft in situ sensor in January 2014 over the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) in Tsukuba, Japan, is presented. The DIAL measurement was obtained at an altitude range of between 1.56 and 3.60 km with a vertical resolution of 236 m (below 3 km) and 590 m (above 3 km) at an average error of 1.93 ppm. An in situ sensor for cavity ring-down spectroscopy of CO2 was installed in an aircraft. CO2 mixing ratio measured by DIAL and the aircraft sensor ranged from 398.73 to 401.36 ppm and from 399.08 to 401.83 ppm, respectively, with an average difference of ?0.94 ± 1.91 ppm below 3 km and ?0.70 ± 1.98 ppm above 3 km between the two measurements.
关键词： CO2,differential absorption Lidar,vertical profile,aircraft
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46