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Birefringence measurement of biological tissue based on polarization-sensitive digital holographic microscopy
摘要： We present a polarization-sensitive digital holography to measure the birefringence of biological tissues with complex structures. The birefringence measurement system is established by incorporating the modified Mach–Zehnder interferometer and lab-developed software. Normal and cancerous bladder tissue samples are measured by using the proposed experimental system. The polarization-dependent phase-shifted holograms are recorded by rotating the polarizer. Moreover, the hybrid reconstruction and least-square unwrapping algorithms are used to extract phase information of biological tissues at different polarization states. The birefringence of tissue is obtained from the above-phase distributions. The results show that polarization sensitivity exists in the normal bladder tissue and cancerous bladder tissue, and the median birefringence value of the cancerous tissue is significantly higher than that of the normal tissue. These results will provide reference for pathological research and clinic diagnoses.
关键词： Mach–Zehnder interferometer,birefringence,polarization-sensitive digital holography,biological tissue,phase distribution
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Characterization of Thermal Damage Due to Two-Temperature High-Order Thermal Lagging in a Three-Dimensional Biological Tissue Subjected to a Rectangular Laser Pulse
摘要： The use of lasers and thermal transfers on the skin is fundamental in medical and clinical treatments. In this paper, we constructed and applied bioheat transfer equations in the context of a two-temperature heat conduction model in order to discuss the three-dimensional variation in the temperature of laser-irradiated biological tissue. The amount of thermal damage in the tissue was calculated using the Arrhenius integral. Mathematical difficulties were encountered in applying the equations. As a result, the Laplace and Fourier transform technique was employed, and solutions for the conductive temperature and dynamical temperature were obtained in the Fourier transform domain.
关键词： laser pulse,biological tissue,two-temperature thermal lagging,three dimensions,thermal damage
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Penetration in Biological Tissue Using Light-Emitting Diodes with Highly Efficient Near-Infrared ScBO3:Cr3+ Phosphor
摘要： Recently, infrared (IR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted considerable interest in the research field worldwide. IR phosphors, the basic materials utilized in LEDs, have become a research hotspot as well. Here, we introduce the high-quantum-efficiency IR ScBO3:Cr3+ phosphor, which provides a spectral range of emission from 700 nm to 1000 nm with a peak maximum at 800 nm. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, with high element selectivity, was used to elucidate the unusual small peak in the photoluminescence spectrum. Phonon structure and electron–lattice interaction were well observed and discussed via temperature-dependent measurements. Moreover, the high quantum efficiency of 72.8% was achieved. To evaluate their potential practical application, phosphor-converted LED packages were designed, which revealed high stability and high output power of 39.11 mW. Furthermore, the fabricated IR LED demonstrated remarkable penetration ability toward biological tissues. This study provides insights into the luminescent properties and the practical applications of IR LEDs.
关键词： infrared,light-emitting diodes,biological tissue penetration,phosphors,quantum efficiency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Sozopol, Bulgaria (2019.9.6-2019.9.8)] 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Local Laser Heating of Biological Tissue
摘要： The mathematical model of the process of heating of biological media by continuous and pulsed laser radiation was created and investigated. The dimensions of the heated area, the time of heating are determined. It is necessary use blue or green laser radiation for creating a local area. The thermal time constant of the process is a few minutes. Therefore, the radiation of the pulse-modulated radiation differs from the constant power only with periodic of pulses more than 1 minute.
关键词： size,biological tissue,time constant,heating,radiation,laser
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Imaging of X-Ray-Excited Emissions from Quantum Dots and Biological Tissue in Whole Mouse
摘要： optical imaging in clinical and preclinical settings can provide a wealth of biological information, particularly when coupled with targetted nanoparticles, but optical scattering and absorption limit the depth and resolution in both animal and human subjects. two new hybrid approaches are presented, using the penetrating power of X-rays to increase the depth of optical imaging. foremost, we demonstrate the excitation by X-rays of quantum-dots (QD) emitting in the near-infrared (niR), using a clinical X-ray system to map the distribution of QDs at depth in whole mouse. We elicit a clear, spatially-resolved NIR signal from deep organs (brain, liver and kidney) with short (1 second) exposures and tolerable radiation doses that will permit future in vivo applications. furthermore, X-ray-excited endogenous emission is also detected from whole mouse. the use of keV X-rays to excite emission from QDs and tissue represent novel biomedical imaging technologies, and exploit emerging QDs as optical probes for spatial-temporal molecular imaging at greater depth than previously possible.
关键词： biomedical imaging,Biological tissue,Whole Mouse,Quantum Dots,NIR signal,X-ray-excited emissions
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Direct Analysis of Biological Tissue
摘要： Direct analysis and identi?cation of biological tissue is signi?cant for clinical applications. In this study, porcine liver and kidney have been analyzed using laser ablation electrospray ionization time-of-?ight mass spectrometry (LAESI-TOFMS). This method showed good reproducibility for the same types of tissue and is capable of distinguishing di?erent tissue species. The margin assessment was also performed using porcine renal tissue, and the response time was less than 6 s. Furthermore, human hepatocarcinoma tissue and normal tissue were identi?ed using this method. Our results indicate that LAESI-TOFMS is a feasible approach for direct identi?cation of tumor tissue and potential for assessment of the resection margin.
关键词： Laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,biological tissue,margin assessment,tumor identification
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A multi-mode excitation hardness prediction method based on Controlled Laser Air-Force Detection (CLAFD) technique
摘要： A novel material hardness testing method was proposed based on controlled laser air-force detection (CLAFD) technique. Polyurethane was chosen as the study object. Multi-mode excitation was adopted. Partial least square as the modeling method was used to build the hardness prediction model on the data of laser displacement. Different preprocessing methods were carried out for eliminating the noise of the original data. The results showed the multiplicative scattering model analysis for the data of stress relaxation mode. The results showed that the hardness could be predicted with high precision. The relationship coefficients of the prediction set (Rp) was above 0.90, and the residual prediction deviation (RPD) was more than 2. Furthermore, the Rp of the transient was 0.93, the RPD was 2.51, the excitation time was 1 s, showing that the transient mode performed with precision in high-speed hardness detection. The highest precision was based on the stress relaxation mode, so we did further study on the interval correction (MSC) had the best performance. Among four modes, the relationship coefficients of the prediction set (Rp) was up to 0.99, and the RPD was 3.54 when the time of the stress relaxation mode lasted 60 s. Based on the results above, the prediction ability would improve further when the relaxation time is increased. The study will provide a new real-time, non-destruction and cross-contamination free hardness detection method for material science, especially for those materials such as artificial biological tissue, function food products, etc.
关键词： Hardness prediction,Biological tissue,Cross-contamination-free,Multi-mode excitation,Polyurethane,Controlled laser air-force detection (CLAFD)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Light propagation in biological tissue
摘要： We developed a new parallel computational method for solving fluorescence and elastically scattered light propagation through a biological tissue illuminated by a collimated incident beam. The three-dimensional steady state radiative transfer equation was solved using a Modified Finite Volume Method with a cell-vertex formulation. An Exponential spatial differencing scheme was used to efficiently lessen the false scattering. Several test problems are presented to assess the performance and accuracy of the numerical Method. We show that it is possible to obtain a very good level of accuracy. Relative differences less than 1.5% were obtained in comparison with the Monte Carlo reference solution for the selected problems. This study shows the potential of the proposed computational method to be used as an accurate deterministic forward solver in Optical Tomography.
关键词： Monte carlo method,Parallel computing,Finite volume method,Fluorescence light,Elastically scattered light,Radiative transfer equation,Biological tissue
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Novel Handheld Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy Probe for Breast Cancer Assessment: Clinical Study
摘要： Diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse optical tomography (DOT) are non-invasive breast cancer assessment modalities which employ near-infrared (NIR) light to measure optical properties of biological tissue. These properties cannot be measured by other methods including X-ray mammography, ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which are main breast cancer diagnosis tools. The objective of this paper is to test and validate a recently designed and developed hand-held continuous-wave radio-frequency modulated diffuse optical spectroscopy probe in a clinical trial performed on patients who diagnosed to have breast cancer. The probe has an encapsulated light emitting diode (eLED) including four wavelengths (690 nm, 750 nm, 800 nm and 850 nm) and two photodiodes located in reflectance geometry. The direct approach method has been used to extract concentration of two main chronophers in the breast tissue including deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb) and oxy-hemoglobin (HbO2). The results of the clinical trial, which included fourteen patients, show that the RF-DOS probe can correctly classify the cancerous lesion from healthy tissue in the breast. The results prove that the absorption coefficient of the breast tumor is higher than normal tissue due to higher vascularization level in four mentioned wavelengths. Conclusively, the results show 92 percent sensitivity for the extracted absorption coefficient.
关键词： Diffuse optical spectroscopy,Optical properties of biological tissue,Breast cancer,Clinical trial
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46