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A highly efficient fluorescent material based on rare-earth-modified polyhydroxyalkanoates
摘要： Fluorescent materials play an important role in biomedical fields. However, the main types of fluorescent materials suffer from several disadvantages especially the biotoxicity, which largely restrict its wider applications in biological fields. In this study, a highly efficient rare-earth-modified fluorescent material was successfully designed and fabricated based on polyhydroxyalkanoates, which are known as biodegradable and biocompatible material. A new Functional-PHA polymer was microbially synthesized by engineered Halomonas bluephagenesis and was used as a basal matrix to generate the rare-earth-modified PHA. N-acetyl-L-cysteine-grafted PHA (NAL-grafted-PHA) was first produced via a UV-initiated thiol-ene click reaction and the rare earth metal ions (Eu3+ and Tb3+) were subsequently chelated onto the NAL-grafted-PHA through the coordination effect. The composite material exhibited intense photoluminescence properties under UV laser excitation, indicating the excellent features as fluorescent material. The enhanced hydrophilicity and superior biocompatibility of rare earth-chelated PHA were confirmed, suggesting its great potential application value in biomedical fields.
关键词： Halomonas,photoluminescence,next generation industrial biotechnology,fluorescent material,polyhydroxyalkanoates,PHB,Rare-earth metal ions
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Cuvette-based microfluidic device integrated with nanostructures for measuring dual Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) signals
摘要： A spectrophotometer that uses a localized surface plasmon resonance phenomenon is a powerful measurement tool in the biotechnology and bioanalysis fields. We propose a novel cuvette design type that can be used for universal spectrophotometers. The novel cuvette design needs a few μl reagent for measuring, and also two chips for measurement can be loaded and measured at the same time. A new cuvette can easily be used several times because of sample chips to be loaded and unloaded since they are mechanically mounted by screws. Therefore, it can offer advantages to users in terms of cost and time. We verify its possibility for use in the biotechnology and bioanalysis fields by a signal enhancement and dual signal detection.
关键词： spectrophotometer,bioanalysis,nanostructures,microfluidic device,biotechnology,Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance,LSPR
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Fluorescent Nanodiamonds || Color Centers in Diamond
摘要： In this chapter, we will discuss the key features of nanodiamonds that are relevant to the development of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) and their many uses in biotechnology and beyond. Up till now, we have surveyed nanotechnology in previous chapters starting with its historical development and focusing, in particular, on the nanocarbon materials. With a general introduction to nanodiamonds (Chapter 2), we have learned some methods commonly used to prepare man‐made diamonds and the fundamental properties shared by all diamonds and nanodiamonds alike. In this and the following two chapters, we are about to find out that nanodiamonds can glow (Chapter 3), support (Chapter 4), and is safe to use (Chapter 5). These unique features have made nanodiamonds a superior material for a fast‐growing list of applications at present time and in the coming future.
关键词： biotechnology,fluorescent nanodiamonds,diamond,nanodiamonds,color centers
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Plasmonic nanoparticles assemblies templated by helical bacteria and resulting optical activity
摘要： Plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) adsorbing onto helical bacteria can lead to formation of NP helicoids with micron scale pitch. Associated chiroptical effects can be utilized as bioanalytical tool for bacterial detection and better understanding of the spectral behavior of helical self-assembled structures with different scales. Here, we report that enantiomerically pure helices with micron scale of chirality can be assembled on Campylobacter jejuni, a helical bacterium known for severe stomach infections. These organisms have right-handed helical shapes with a pitch of 1–2 microns and can serve as versatile templates for a variety of NPs. The bacteria itself shows no observable rotatory activity in the visible, red, and near-IR ranges of electromagnetic spectrum. The bacterial dispersion acquires chiroptical activity at 500–750 nm upon plasmonic functionalization with Au NPs. Finite-difference time-domain simulations confirmed the attribution of the chiroptical activity to the helical assembly of gold nanoparticles. The position of the circular dichroism peaks observed for these chiral structures overlaps with those obtained before for Au NPs and their constructs with molecular and nanoscale chirality. This work provides an experimental and computational pathway to utilize chiroplasmonic particles assembled on bacteria for bioanalytical purposes.
关键词： bacteria,simulation,C. jejuni,circular dichroism,plasmonic,mesoscale,gold nanoparticle,biotechnology
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Universality of dissipative self-assembly from quantum dots to human cells
摘要： An important goal of self-assembly research is to develop a general methodology applicable to almost any material, from the smallest to the largest scales, whereby qualitatively identical results are obtained independently of initial conditions, size, shape and function of the constituents. Here, we introduce a dissipative self-assembly methodology demonstrated on a diverse spectrum of materials, from simple, passive, identical quantum dots (a few hundred atoms) that experience extreme Brownian motion, to complex, active, non-identical human cells (~1017 atoms) with sophisticated internal dynamics. Autocatalytic growth curves of the self-assembled aggregates are shown to scale identically, and interface fluctuations of growing aggregates obey the universal Tracy–Widom law. Example applications for nanoscience and biotechnology are further provided.
关键词： human cells,self-assembly,nanoscience,biotechnology,Tracy–Widom law,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Rapid and Straightforward Quantification of Recombinant Proteins Using Fluorescence Polarization
摘要： Biotechnology enables the production and commercialization of recombinant proteins for diagnostic, therapeutic and research applications. For instance, monoclonal antibodies nowadays represent a fast growing market that accounts for almost half of the biopharmaceutical compounds business with $75 billion turnover in 2013. Quantification of proteins is an important task in order to optimize cell culture conditions and ensure that every step of the production process is in line with the specifications. For therapeutics, precise and reliable dosage is mandatory to avoid adverse effects for the patients. Current analytical techniques such as ELISA or HPLC are time-consuming and often require purification prior to analysis. In this context, there is a strong demand for a technology that would be to protein quantification what a balance is to weight measurement: rapid, precise, accurate, robust, and straightforward. To this effect, we have developed an assay for the rapid quantification of recombinant proteins. It is based on fluorescence polarization and requires little or no pretreatment of samples. Fluorescence anisotropy of a small specific fluorescent ligand increased upon binding to its recombinant target protein, e.g. a monoclonal antibody, enabling quantification. The assay did not require prior separation of biotechnological cultures making it as straightforward as weighing using a balance. Monitoring of the production of a representative His-tagged protein during E.coli fermentation was obtained by regular sampling and assaying using the fluorescence polarization assay.
关键词： Fluorescence,Recombinant proteins,Assays,Biotechnology,Antibodies
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Identification of Proteins Using Four Methods of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
摘要： An upper-division undergraduate- or graduate-level laboratory experiment, challenging students to identify bovine serum albumin, equine myoglobin, bovine calmodulin, and bovine cytochrome c, uses four methods of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS): linear positive, in-source decay, peptide mass fingerprint, and postsource decay. Individual hands-on experience with each method is provided in a three week experiment. The importance of sequencing proteins/peptides when identifying proteomic targets using MALDI-TOF MS is emphasized.
关键词： Mass Spectrometry,Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives,Upper-Division Undergraduate,Laboratory Instruction,Graduate Education/Research,Bioanalytical Chemistry,Biotechnology,Analytical Chemistry,Biochemistry
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Cold plasma treatment and laser irradiation of <i>Triticum</i> spp. seeds for sterilization and germination
摘要： In this research work, plasma and laser-based treatments have been applied on wheat seeds to improve their growth and development. Plasma treatment modi?ed the surface morphology of seed which enhanced the germination rate and also exhibited great immunity against fungus; only 20% seeds are a?ected by fungus as compared to the untreated sample. In addition, an increase in protein concentration in plasma treated seeds has also been observed. In the laser treatment, laser pulses have been exercised on wheat seeds, while seeds were also exposed in argon plasma generated at di?erent applied voltages and exposure times. This laser treatment lessens germination time, increases water absorption, and abolishes disease development from seed borne fungi that are present on or within seeds. Thus, it is observed that the use of plasma and laser radiation on the seeds made productive e?ects on the growth parameters and may be the alternative source for the presowing seed treatment.
关键词： microbial inactivation,food chemistry,wheat seeds,plasma chemistry,plant biotechnology,cold plasma,germination
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59