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UV-ozone induced surface passivation to enhance the performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells
摘要： Interface property has been considered one of the most critical factors affecting the performance of semiconductor devices. In this work, we demonstrate an efficient surface passivation for the interface between Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and CdS buffer layer by using UV-ozone treatment at room temperature. The passivation led to a significant enhancement of short circuit current density (Jsc) of the device from 11.70 mA/cm2 to 18.34 mA/cm2 and thus efficiency of the CZTS solar cells from 3.18% to 5.55%. The study of surface chemistry has revealed that the UV-ozone exposure led to formation of a Sn–O rich surface on CZTS, which passivates the dangling bonds and forms an ultra-thin energy barrier layer at the interface of CZTS/CdS. The barrier is considered to be responsible for the reduction of non-radiative recombination loss in the solar cells as confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The elongated lifetime of minority carriers in the CZTS solar cells by time-resolved PL has further verified the interface passivation effect induced by UV-ozone treatment. This work provides a fast, simple yet very effective approach for surface passivation of CZTS film to boost the performance of CZTS solar cells.
关键词： CZTS solar cell,UV-Ozone treatment,Interface modification,Surface passivation
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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Interface modified flexible printed conductive films via Ag <sub/>2</sub> O nanoparticle decorated Ag flake inks
摘要： A new approach to stable, low resistance inexpensive printed flexible conductive inks is proposed. Silver inks have been extensively studied and commercialized for applications in printed electronics due to the inherent high conductivity and stability of silver, even in particulate-based percolation networks processed at temperatures compatible with low cost polymer films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Recent interest in flexible and even stretchable circuits, however, has presented new challenges for particle-based inks as mechanical strains can result in the opening of critical particle-to-particle contacts. Here we report a facile, low cost method for the single step synthesis of stable, printable nanoscale Ag2O-decorated Ag flake inks which can be converted to highly conductive Ag films at 150°C curing temperature without the use of limited shelf life organometallics or low metal loading nanoparticles to modify the interface between silver flakes. Analysis indicate that decoration of Ag flakes with Ag2O nanoparticles (NPs) during ink synthesis improves the conductivity and flexibility of printed silver films by forming bridging interconnections between Ag flakes after low temperature reduction of the Ag2O NPs. In this work, printed nano-decorated silver conductors with starting oxide to metal weight ratios of 5:95 exhibited lateral resistivities lower than 1.5×10-5 ? cm, which was 35% less than films derived from undecorated Ag flake inks of the same total Ag loading and binder system. This resistivity difference increased to 45% after cyclic bend testing showing increased resilience to repeated flexing for the nano-decorated inks. Through detailed compositional and morphological characterizations, we demonstrate that such improved conductivity and flexibility is due to a more effective bridging afforded by the in-situ synthesized Ag NPs on the surface of Ag flakes. These properties, combined with the simplified syntheses method of the nano-ink, make the material a viable, advantageous alternative to the limited number of stretchable conductors currently available.
关键词： Ag2O nanoparticle-decorated Ag flake inks,printed conductive films,interface modification,silver ink
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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Oxoammonium enabled secondary doping of hole transporting material PEDOT:PSS for high-performance organic solar cells
摘要： Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is one of the most widely used hole transporting materials in organic solar cells (OSCs). Multiple strategies have been adopted to improve the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS, however, effective strategy that can optimize the conductivity, work function, and surface energy simultaneously to reach a better energy alignment and interface contact is rare. Here, we demonstrate that oxoammonium salts (TEMPO+X?) with different counterions can act as facile and novel dopants to realize secondary doping of PEDOT:PSS. The effective charge transfer process achieved between TEMPO+X? and PEDOT:PSS results in enhanced carrier density and improved conductivity of PEDOT:PSS. Moreover, different counterions of TEMPO+X? can tune the work function and surface energy of PEDOT:PSS, enabling improved device performances. The resulting device with PM6:Y6 as the active layer shows a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 16%. Moreover, this doping strategy can also be applied to other conjugated polymers such as poly(3-hexylthiophene). This work provides a promising strategy to tune the properties of conjugated polymers through doping, thus effectively boosting the performance of organic solar cells.
关键词： interface modification,multi-functional secondary doping,organic solar cells,oxoammonium,PEDOT:PSS
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Vacuum-Controlled Growth of CsPbI <sub/>2</sub> Br for Highly Efficient and Stable All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： A high temperature annealing process (> 250°C) is always needed to obtain high-quality CsPbI2Br perovskite films, which makes it a challenge in the manufacture and application of flexible photovoltaic devices. In this work, a vacuum-controlled growth (VCG) that can effectively control the crystallization of perovskite and obtain high-quality films with larger grain size and low defect density at lower temperature is demonstrated. Besides a facile introduction of polyethyleneimine (PEIE) interlayer improves the charge extraction and suppresses carrier recombination. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cell (PSC) reaches 12.32%. The unencapsulated PSCs with VCG treatment and PEIE modification show outstanding stabilities with retaining over 95% of initial PCE after being stored in N2 glove-box for over 1000h. This low temperature crystallization method and cheap transport material introduction drive the development for future commercialization of all inorganic perovskite solar cells.
关键词： vacuum controlled growth,interface modification,All inorganic perovskite solar cells,crystallization control,low temperature,film fabrication
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Performance improvement of polymer solar cells with binary additives induced morphology optimization and interface modification simultaneously
摘要： Active layer morphology optimization and electrode buffer layer interface modification are commonly used strategies in improving the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we prepared PTB7: PC71BM bulk heterojunction PSCs with 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) additives, and studied the influence of binary additives on exciton dissociation, charge transport and charge extraction. DIO facilitates donor/acceptor phase separation for efficient exciton dissociation and charge transport. The migration of PEG from active layer to the PEDOT:PSS layer improves the crystallinity of PTB7, optimizes charge transport pathway, and enhances the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS layer. With the combined advantages of binary additives in active layer morphology optimization and anode buffer layer modification, the device exhibits a high short-circuit current density of 20.03 mA/cm2 and an improved power conversion efficiency. Binary additive provides a promising method to optimize active layer morphology and improve interfacial buffer layer of PSCs simultaneously.
关键词： Charge extraction,Charge transport,Binary additive,Polymer solar cells,Morphology,Interface modification
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Cesium carbonate modified electron transport layer for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： TiO2 is a commonly used material in the electron transport layers (ETLs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but its defects restrict the development of PSCs. In this study, cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) was used to modify the TiO2 ETLs because of its excellent electron injection ability. The new structure of the PSC was FTO/TiO2/Cs2CO3/perovskite (MAPbI3)/sprio-OMETAD/back electrode. As expected, adding Cs2CO3 increased the champion photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) from 9.2% to 12.8% in comparison with unmodified solar cells, and the device maintained 78% of the original efficiency after 250 h. Moreover, the reduction of defects in the TiO2 ETLs reduced the coincidence probability of carriers after modification with Cs2CO3. Due to the excellent electron injection ability of Cs2CO3, the modified ETLs yielded lower work functions and smaller energy level barriers, which makes the energy levels between the TiO2 ETL and the MAPbI3 layer well-matched, and reduced the carrier coincidence probability.
关键词： Cs2CO3,Perovskite solar cells,Electron transport layers,Interface modification
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Room-temperature processed ZrO2 interlayer towards efficient planar perovskite solar cells
摘要： The Sn-doped In2O3 transparent conductive (ITO) electrode in planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is modified by zirconia (ZrO2) interlayer with low-temperature process. Here the ZrO2 film is prepared by ultraviolet (UV) treatment at room temperature. The effects of the inserted ZrO2 interlayer on the performance of CH3NH3PbI3-xClx-based PSCs have been systemically studied. After optimizing the process, the champion efficiency of PSC with UV-treated ZrO2 interlayer is 19.48%, which is larger than that of the reference PSC (15.56%). The improved performance in the modified devices is primarily ascribed to the reduced trap states and the suppressed carrier recombination at the ITO/SnO2 interface. Our work provides a facile route to boost the photovoltaic performance of PSCs by modifying the surface of transparent conductive electrode at room temperature.
关键词： Photoelectric properties,ITO/SnO2 interface modification,Ultraviolet (UV) treatment,Planar perovskite solar cell,Room-temperature processed ZrO2 interlayer
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Interfacial modification using ultrasonic atomized graphene quantum dots for efficient perovskite solar cells
摘要： Tin dioxide (SnO2) is a promising electron transport material to replace traditional titanium dioxide (TiO2) for fabricating efficient planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, in order to realize process compatibility and larger scale device, low temperature solution processed SnO2 is normally used, which generates numerous trap states in ETL layer and directly affects the device performance. Here, an interfacial modification strategy proposed, depositing an ultrasonic atomized ultrathin graphene quantum dots (GQDs) layer between tin dioxide (SnO2) and perovskite layer. Ultrasonic atomized deposition can effectively prevent the damage of the surface chemical properties of SnO2 by aqueous solution. Additionally, we demonstrate that the GQDs change the surface property of SnO2 film, and optimized the charge transport capability in SnO2 and perovskite interface. Correspondingly, we obtained a significant power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvement for CH3NH3PbI3-based PSCs from 13.61% to 16.54% and reached a highest steady-state PCE over 16%. We believe that the interfacial modification engineering by means of ultrasonic atomizing process is a promising tactic to obtain efficient perovskite solar cells.
关键词： Interface modification,SnO2,Ultrasonic atomizing,Perovskite solar cells,Graphene quantum dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Insights into the role of interface modification in performance enhancement of ZnTe:Cu contacted CdTe thin film solar cells
摘要： CdTe has become a leading contributor in the thin-film photovoltaic market. A suitable back contact is still one of the most crucial issues to realize efficient CdTe thin film solar cells. Herein, we intensively studied the mechanisms of interfacial modification and device performance enhancement for the representative ZnTe:Cu back contact structure. It’s found that, in spite the as-deposited ZnTe:Cu buffer could reduce the contact barrier, the device performance is still limited by the increased defect-related recombination. A controlled heat treatment process is proved to be effective in alleviating the recombination loss at the back contact. Detailed characterizations demonstrate that the CdTe/ZnTe:Cu interface reaction happens and the interfacial composition is modified during the heat treatment process, which optimize the interfacial chemical states and band alignment. The improved interfacial properties decrease the defect-related recombination and promote the holes transport, and consequently improve the device efficiency greatly.
关键词： ZnTe:Cu,Recombination,CdTe,Solar cell,Interface modification
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Enhanced Performance and Stability of TiO <sub/>2</sub> ‐Nanoparticles‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells Employing a Cheap Polymeric Surface Modifier
摘要： Interface engineering of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)-based perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is often necessary to facilitate the extraction and transport of charge carriers. In this work, poly[{9,9-bis[3’-(N,N-dimethyl)propyl]-2,7-fluorene}-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)] (PFN) and polystyrene (PS) are demonstrated to be effective surface modifiers of the TiO2 NPs electron-transporting layer in n-i-p PVSCs. The low-cost insulating polymer PS performs better than the PFN conjugated polymer owing to its high film quality, low surface energy and insulating characteristics. A peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.09 % with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.05 V and a PCE of 17.13 % with an ultrahigh VOC of 1.18 V is achieved with TiO2 NPs/PS-based PVSCs using poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) and spiro-OMeTAD, respectively, as the hole-transporting material.
关键词： interface modification layers,plastics,electron-transporting layers,conjugated polymers,TiO2 nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59