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Hydrophilic Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) Film with Enhanced Inner Channels for Both Water- and Ionic Liquid-Driven Ion-Exchange Polymer Metal Composite Actuators
摘要： This study presents a novel and facile strategy to fabricate a hydrophilic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) electrolyte film with enhanced inner channels for a high-performance and cost-effective ion-exchange polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator. The resultant PVDF composite film is composed of hierarchical micro/nanoscale structures: well-defined polymer grains with a diameter of ～20 μm and much finer particles with a diameter of ～390 nm, producing three-dimensional interconnected, hierarchical inner channels to facilitate ion migration of the electrolyte matrix film has a high porosity of 15.8% and yields a high water uptake of 44.2% and an ionic liquid (IL, [EMIm]·[BF4]) uptake of 38.1% to make both water-driven and IL-driven IPMC actuators because of the introduction of polar polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Compared to the conventional PVDF/IL-based IPMC, both water-driven and IL-driven PVDF-based IPMCs exhibit high ion migration rates, thus effectively improving the actuation frequency and producing remarkably higher levels of actuation force and displacement. Specifically, the force outputs are increased by 13.4 and 3.0 folds, and the displacement outputs are increased by 2.2 and 1.9 folds. Using an identical electrolyte matrix, water-driven IPMC exhibits stronger electromechanical performance, benefiting to make IPMC actuator with high levels of force and power outputs, whereas IL-driven IPMC exhibits a more stable electromechanical performance, benefiting to make long lifetime IPMC actuator in air. Thus, the resultant IPMCs are promising in the design of artificial muscles with tunable electromechanical performance for flexible actuators or displacement/vibration sensors at low cost.
关键词： ionic exchange polymer metal composite (IPMC),ionic liquid (IL),poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF),inner channel,electromechanical response,polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Pulsed laser ablation route assisted copper oxide nanoparticles doped in Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend for enhancement the electrical conductivity
摘要： Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend was doped by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuONPs) prepared by laser ablation process. Synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles were prepared by ablating pure copper plate immersed in DDW by nanosecond Nd:YAG laser in different times. PEO/PVP/CuONPs nanocomposites have been synthesized via casting technique. Effect of CuONPs doping on enhancing PEO/PVP have been obtained. The influence of various times of laser ablation on the properties of the synthesized nanocomposite films was analyzed via several techniques. SEM and XRD proved the interaction between PEO/PVP blend and CuONPs. The presence of the distinctive absorption peak at UV-Vis range at 277 nm was due to copper oxide surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The direct and indirect optical band gap values illustrate a decrease following doping of copper oxide inside PEO/PVP matrix. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss activity gradually diminished as the frequency rises. AC conductivity were increased as laser time increased.
关键词： Copper oxide nanoparticles,Pulsed laser ablation,Ac conductivity,PEO/PVP
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Nanosecond laser ablation assisted the enhancement of antibacterial activity of copper oxide nano particles embedded though Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend matrix
摘要： Via one-step Laser Ablation process, different contributions of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were scattered through Polyethylene Oxide (PEO)/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) blend matrix. The obtained films were characterized via XRD and FTIR. Their micro-structural features and morphological behaviors were investigated using TEM and FESEM. The CuONPs were formed in a spherical shapes with dimensions around 50 nm in case of processing time 5.0 min, while their size was deteriorated at t=25.0 min to be around 30 nm upon TEM micrographs. In addition, surface roughness average was enhanced from 26.0 nm at no contribution of CuONPs reaching to 37.0 nm at the highest content. The composite films displayed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus upon CuONPs contribution. The antibacterial activity jumped from no effect at no-contribution of CuONPs to be around 89– 4 % and 82– 3 % against E. coli and S. aureus respectively at their highest contribution. Therefore, it could be seen that these films were carried out using facile method and displayed a great effectiveness through biological environment which could encourage more investigations for these compositions to be suggested for wound healing applications.
关键词： PVP,laser ablation,Antibacterial,CuONPs,PEO
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Honolulu, HI, USA (2018.7.18-2018.7.21)] 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Inkjet Printed Parallel Plate Capacitors Using PVP Polymer Dielectric Ink on Flexible Polyimide Substrates
摘要： Inkjet printing (IJP) is an exciting new additive manufacturing technology that promises monolithic electronic circuit fabrication of μm thin low-cost large-area electronic low-cost body-worn flexible sensors. In this work, we demonstrate inkjet printed multilayer metal-dielectric-metal capacitors on flexible polyimide (PI) substrate by formulating a custom dielectric ink based on Poly 4-vinylphenol (PVP). Silver nanoparticle ink was used for printing the conductive parallel metal plates. We also demonstrate control over the capacitance values by varying the design parameters and succeeded in printing capacitors in the range 8.8 pF to 467 pF, with excellent repeatability on flexible PI substrates. A functional LC circuit using these printed capacitors has been designed and demonstrated to have a resonance frequency of 24.3 MHz. These results are a vital step forward towards monolithic printing of flexible electronic circuits using IJP technique for many applications such as body-worn sensors.
关键词： Inkjet printing,PVP dielectric ink,flexible electronics,polyimide substrate,capacitors
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Synergy of PVP and ethanol to synthesize Ni3S4 quantum dots for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
摘要： Ni3S4 quantum dots (QDs) have great potential for supercapacitors due to their unique quantum effects, high specific surface area, high water solubility and good stability, but the current preparation process is cumbersome and toxic. Here, we highlighted a facile and environmental-friendly synthesis of Ni3S4 QDs for the first time by virtue of the synergy of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ethanol. The synergistic mechanism was revealed by using XRD to investigate the effect of synthesis solvent. When QDs was used as a supercapacitor electrode material, it exhibited excellent electrochemical properties, and the specific capacitance at 1 A g-1 was 1440 F g-1. In addition, Ni3S4 QDs and activated carbon (AC) are assembled into Ni3S4 QDs//AC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC), which delivered the maximum energy density of 60.4 Wh kg-1. This work provides new ideas for the preparation of QDs and opens up new concepts for the synthesis of nickel sulfide.
关键词： supercapacitors,nickel sulfide,energy storage,environment friendly,PVP,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Structurally and Compositionally Tunable Absorption Properties of AgCl@AgAu Nanocatalysts for Plasmonic Photocatalytic Degradation of Environmental Pollutants
摘要： Composite nanomaterials having Ag nanoparticles (NPs) that decorate nanostructured AgCl (Ag/AgCl) are promising as plasmonic photocatalysts because of the visible-light absorption of Ag NPs. However, the narrow absorption bands of Ag NPs near 400 nm cause inefficient absorption in the visible range and, consequently, unsatisfactory photocatalytic activity of Ag/AgCl nanomaterials. In this study, we introduce a new class of AgCl-based photocatalysts that are decorated with bimetallic Ag and Au NPs (AgCl@AgAu NPs) for visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Polyvinylpyrrolidone induces selective reduction of noble metal precursors on AgCl while leaving AgCl intact. The extended composition of the decorating NPs red-shifts the absorption band to 550–650 nm, which allows the catalysts to take advantage of more energy in the visible range for improved efficiency. Furthermore, we control the structures of the AgCl@AgAu NPs, and investigate their correlation with photocatalytic properties. The versatility, chemical stability, and practical application of the AgCl@AgAu NPs are demonstrated using various organic pollutants, recycling experiments, and natural aqueous media, respectively. Our fundamental investigation on the synthesis and applications of AgCl-based nano-photocatalysts is highly valuable for designing plasmonic photocatalysts and expanding their utilization.
关键词： organic pollutant,photocatalyst,nanoparticle,silver,AgCl,surface plasmon resonance,PVP,visible light,gold
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Solution-processed organic field-effect transistors with cross-linked poly(4-vinylphenol)/polyvinyl alcohol bilayer dielectrics
摘要： A single-layer gate dielectric cannot meet the requirements of large permittivity (k) and low surface polarity for fabricating low-operating-voltage, high-performance OFETs. Here, we have designed a bilayer gate dielectric consisting of a low-k cross-linked poly(4-vinylphenol) (CL-PVP) in contact with an active layer to provide a low polar surface and an underneath high-k polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer to ensure a high capacitance. The results show that the CL-PVP/PVA bilayer not only offers a smooth and uniform surface with low polarity and low surface energy as well as good solvent resistance for efficient carrier transport, but also possesses a relatively high capacitance and low leakage current for low threshold and operating voltages. We have utilized this bilayer dielectric to fabricate OFETs based on a conventional semiconducting polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). High overall device performances have been achieved in the devices with a mobility of 0.1 cm2V-1s-1. The maximum density of trap states at the interface between the P3HT film and the CL-PVP/PVA bilayer is estimated to be 7.10×1012 cm-2 eV-1, further proving that this bilayer dielectric provides a high quality interface for P3HT. The CL-PVP/PVA bilayer is thus a promising candidate as a gate dielectric for fabricating high-performance organic or even organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite transistors by a solution processing technique.
关键词： P3HT OFETs,gate dielectrics,low-k CL-PVP/high-k PVA bilayer,dielectric and surface properties
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Optimising patient outcomes with photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP): a review
摘要： Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common pathology causing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and may significantly impact quality of life. While transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the gold standard treatment, there are many evolving technologies that are gaining popularity. Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) is one such therapy which has been shown to be non-inferior to TURP. We aimed to review the literature and discuss factors to optimise patient outcomes in the setting of PVP for BPH. A comprehensive search of the electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library was performed on articles published after the year 2000. After exclusion, a total of 38 papers were included for review. The evolution of higher powered device has enabled men with larger prostates and those on oral anticoagulation to undergo safely and successfully PVP. Despite continued oral anticoagulation in patients undergoing PVP, the risk of bleeding may be minimised with 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor (5-ARI) therapy however further studies are required. Pre-treatment with 5-ARI’s does not hinder the procedure however more studies are required to demonstrate a reliable benefit. Current data suggests that success and complication rate is largely influenced by the experience of the operator. Post-operative erectile dysfunction is reported in patients with previously normal function following PVP, however those with a degree of erectile dysfunction pre-operatively may see improvement with alleviation of LUTS.
关键词： sexual function,outcomes,urinary function,Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH),prostate,photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP)
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Electrospun CuS/PVP Nanowires and Superior Near-Infrared Filtration Efficiency for Thermal Shielding Applications
摘要： Selective filtration of near-infrared (NIR) region is of primary importance to energy saving via thermal shielding. However, uniform coating of highly effective nanomaterials on flexible substrates remains very challenging. Here, we introduce new materials processing and fabrication methodologies that manufacture electrospun copper sulfide/polyvinylpyrrolidone (CuS/PVP) nanowires for enhanced thermal shielding efficiency. Electrospinning offers well-dispersed CuS nanoparticles in a thermal shielding film, which is not achievable in typical solution coating processes. Directly deposited CuS/PVP nanowires on a flexible polymer membrane are enabled by a fluorination treatment that decreases interfacial electrostatic repulsion. Monitoring of in-situ temperature change of a box shielded, CuS/PVP nanowire film demonstrates excellent NIR shielding efficiency (87.15%). Direct integration of the film with a model car and exposure to direct sunlight demonstrates about twice-higher shielding efficiency than commercial tungsten-oxide films. Overall, the comprehensive study of nanomaterial preparation, surface treatment, and integration techniques allows to fabricate highly flexible and reliable thermal shielding films.
关键词： Near-infrared filtration,CuS/PVP nanowires,Thermal shielding,Electrospinning,and Flexible film
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Modulating plasmonic signatures of gold nanoparticles by fine tuning of surface roughness
摘要： Localized surface plasmon resonance peak of a plasmonic nanoparticle dictates its unique optical properties which are responsible for various applications like surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface enhanced Infra-red absorption (SEIRA), surface enhanced fluorescence (SEF) etc. In this report we have fine-tuned the surface morphology/roughness of pseudo spherical gold nanoparticles by reducing different metal precursors onto their surface using mild reducing ability of versatile polymer polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) in alcoholic medium containing. The significant morphology/roughness dependent optical plasmonic signature defines optical parameters of plasmonic resonators like plasmon’s dephasing time, its quality factor as well as its bandwidth. Moreover, variation of these parameters with additive metal salts and its concentration is studied and a superlative conclusion was drawn between surface roughness and these optical parameters which were further confirmed by TEM data.
关键词： PVP,Gold nanoparticles,Optical properties
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59