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Comparative assessments of the performances of PV/T and conventional solar plants
摘要： The building’s energy demand consists of both thermal energy and electricity that may be provided through solar energy sources. Typically, the electrical energy needs are satisfied by photovoltaic plants (PV)s, while the thermal energy needs are satisfied by solar thermal plants (ST)s. However, there is the possibility to produce simultaneously electrical and thermal energy by hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) plants. This study presents the comparison of the performances of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) plant with those of a systems made by a PV plant plus a ST plant (PV+ST). Such comparisons are interesting in those buildings where there is not enough available surface for installing both PV and ST plants as much as necessary for satisfying the energy needs of such buildings ( e.g. in residential tower buildings). This research is carried out having as target a residential unit situated in different geographic areas: Catania (IT) , Split (HR) and Freiburg (D). The outcomes of the energy analysis, calculated following the first and the second thermodynamic law approach, highlight that a PV/T plant produces more energy than a conventional solar system (PV-ST) in the three cities. Otherwise, the results of the economic analysis show that the PV plants allow to achieve the most economic benefits due to the cheaper cost of this technology.
关键词： Solar energy,economic analysis,hybrid PV/T plant,TRNSYS simulation,quality of energy,renewable energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 International conference on Computing, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (ICE Cube) - Quetta, Pakistan (2018.11.12-2018.11.13)] 2018 International Conference on Computing, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (ICE Cube) - Design and Simulation of Molten Salt Based Solar Thermal Power Plant using LFR Technology in Pakistan
摘要： Pakistan being an underdeveloped country is facing several problems. One of the most important problems of the country has been Energy crises. Pakistan has very rich resources of renewable energy which are yet to be utilized. Among these renewable energy resources, energy from sun is one of the most abundant one. Concentrated Solar power CSP is considered to be the best technology to generate electricity for solar energy. Design of a CSP plant with a capacity of 100 MW using Linear Fresnel Reflectors and integrated with thermal energy storage of six hour is proposed in this paper. A location near Nawabshah receiving direct normal irradiance (DNI) of 1955 KWh/m2/year is selected on the basis of CSP plant requirements. System advisor model (SAM) selected for carrying out the simulation of the proposed plant for one year. Heat transfer fluid is molten salt known as Hitec solar Salt instead of using synthetic oil. From simulation results it was found that the plant can generate 220,734,832 kWh (220.735 GWh) of electricity annually. The capacity factor and gross to net conversion were found to be 25.2% and 90% respectively. These results obtained are encouraging and justify that a plant based on the proposed model is thermodynamically feasible in Pakistani environment.
关键词： Solar Energy,Concentrated Solar Thermal Power,Renewable Energy,Electricity,System Advisor Model,Pakistan,Linear Fresnel Reflector
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Portland, OR (2018.9.23-2018.9.27)] 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Critical Capacity Analysis for Optimal Sizing of PV and Energy Storage for a Household
摘要： This paper examines how the selection of the PV rating and energy storage capacity affects the economic benefits for a grid-connected household. It proposes a novel technique called the critical capacity method which provides useful intuitive insights into the optimisation as well as potential runtime improvements compared to conventional methods. The critical capacity method is applied to a case study of the optimisation of a particular household. A sensitivity analysis of the results to factors such as the household load profile, PV/storage pricing and averaging of the PV/load data is performed.
关键词： energy storage,renewable energy integration,photo-voltaics
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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The transition towards a sustainable energy system in Europe: What role can North Africa's solar resources play?
摘要： Securing energy supply and speeding up the transition towards a reliable, sustainable, low-carbon energy system are among the major current and future challenges facing Europe. Importing dispatchable solar electricity from North Africa is considered as a potential and attractive option. Nevertheless, as things currently stand, the European Commission focuses mainly on the exploitation of the existing wind power potential in the North Sea, largely ignoring the solar power potential in the Sahara region of North Africa. After discussing the major challenges and issues facing Europe to achieve the assigned ambitious objectives, the paper emphasises the importance of North Africa's solar resources in helping Europe to successfully address the challenge of decarbonising its electricity system, in particular with regards to the security of supply and sustainability. Within these two major challenges, the paper explores the issues of access, barriers and opportunities. The paper highlights why the EU's energy and climate goals will not be achievable without adequate grid expansion and grid-scale energy storage facilities, as well as other innovative measures to manage demand and ensure a secure energy supply. In this respect, the paper shows how the import of dispatchable electricity from North Africa via specific HVDC links could play a key role in helping the EU achieve its energy targets in a cost-effective way without recourse to significant investments in transmission infrastructure and storage facilities. The paper then attempts to identify and analyze the main barriers that continue to inhibit the export of solar electricity from North Africa to Europe. Finally, to make the project more attractive and achievable in the near future, the paper proposes a systematic approach for setting up energy import scenarios. A promising import scenario is presented where energy import via Italy is shown to be a more viable and effective solution than via Spain.
关键词： Desertec,Sustainable energy development,Renewable energy,CSP-HVDC,European supergrid
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Economic feasibility of solar power plants based on PV module with levelized cost analysis
摘要： In this study, the cost analysis of solar power system, where is located in Elaz??, Turkey is calculated according to levelized cost analysis method. In the economic feasibility studies carried out by the firms, many parameters such as interest rates, cost of money, detailed sunshine duration, monthly net profit-loss status in one year, cost of investment according to changing interest rates are not taken into consideration. All these parameters, which were not considered by the firms, have been calculated in this study. The payback period of investing in the solar power plant is calculated as 13 years, the payback period of it is calculated as an average of 6.6 years by the firms. The annual profit of a 1 MW solar energy plant is 89,467 US $. Present worth and annual capital cost of the solar power plant are calculated as 1,156,763 US $ and 1,181,875 US $, respectively. The capital cost flow of the investing in solar power plant is determined as 5.628 US $/h. When the results obtained from this study are evaluated in a general framework, the high interest rates in developing countries will have a negative effect on the investments in the solar power plants.
关键词： forecast solar radiation,Solar energy,photovoltaic,renewable energy,economic feasibility
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Transparent Metasurfaces Counteracting Fogging by Harnessing Sunlight
摘要： Surface fogging is a common phenomenon that can have significant and detrimental effects on surface transparency and visibility. It affects the performance in a wide range of applications including windows, windshields, electronic displays, cameras, mirrors, and eyewear. A host of ongoing research is aimed at combating this problem by understanding and developing stable and effective anti-fogging coatings that are capable of handling a wide range of environmental challenges 'passively' without consumption of electrical energy. Here we introduce an alternative approach employing sunlight to go beyond state-of-the-art techniques—such as superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic coatings— by rationally engineering solar absorbing metasurfaces that maintain transparency, while upon illumination, induce localized heating to significantly delay the onset of surface fogging or decrease defogging time. For the same environmental conditions, we demonstrate that our metasurfaces are able to reduce defogging time by up to four-fold and under supersaturated conditions inhibit the nucleation of condensate outperforming conventional state-of-the-art approaches in terms of visibility retention. Our research illustrates a durable and environmentally sustainable approach to passive anti-fogging and defogging for transparent surfaces. This work opens up the opportunity for large-scale manufacturing that can be applied to a range of materials, including polymers and other flexible substrates.
关键词： renewable energy,condensation,defogging,anti-fogging,metasurface
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD) - Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (2018.11.23-2018.11.24)] 2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD) - Impact of Ancillary Services and Its Prices on Large-Scale Solar and Wind Power Penetration in Electricity Market
摘要： Nowadays, solar and wind power generation is an important part of the power sources in many countries all over the world. However, due to the variability and uncertainty of these sources, stable operation of the power system with large solar and wind power penetration is a big challenge for system operators. In order to enhance the contribution efficiency of solar and wind power in the power market, a strong ancillary service system is essential and must be reasonable priced. The ancillary services considered in this paper are spinning reserve, non-spinning reserve. In addition, a model for calculating and comparing generation costs for energy and ancillary services, with and without penetration of solar and wind power in the power market have been proposed. Consequently, this model has been developed and validated with a case study. The results show that in a power system with large proportion integration of solar and wind power, the energy and ancillary services generation costs for the power system are high. Besides, the feed-in tariffs of solar and wind power are more expensive than the traditional electricity generation, which leads to high locational marginal prices of the electricity market.
关键词： Ancillary service,Renewable energy,Solar power,Wind power,Electricity market
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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High‐frequency standard deviation of the capacity factor of renewable energy facilities – part 1: solar photovoltaic
摘要： It is important to secure for every solar photovoltaic energy installation the highest-possible average (mean) capacity factor, as well as the lowest-possible standard-deviation, this latter computed with high frequency. High-frequency data of solar photovoltaic energy facilities are, however, very hard to be found. There are no estimations in the literature of the standard deviation of the capacity factor of solar photovoltaic energy installations sampled with high frequency. Here we show the data sampled every 5 minutes for the solar photovoltaic energy facilities connected to the Australian National Electricity Market grid during the year 2018. The average capacity factors are about 27-28% flat panel, and 31-32% tracking flat panel. The standard deviations have larger values at about 37-38%, for coefficients of variation 120-130%. As solar photovoltaic energy facilities only produce electricity during the daylight time, that is predictable, the statistic analysis is also applied to the daylight times only. While average daylight-only capacity factors are about twice the previous values, standard deviations are slightly less, for coefficients of variations more than halved at 55-65%. The analysis highlights the extreme variability of solar energy helping the design of the energy storage needed for making possible an efficient, resilient, renewable energy-only grid. The collected and interpreted information and the provided analysis are filing a gap in the area of renewable energy and energy harvesting technology based on wind and solar photovoltaics where variability has been so far underevaluated.
关键词： Solar Energy,Variability Analysis,Australia,Energy Storage,Variability Measures,Renewable Energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A novel photovoltaic-pumped hydro storage microgrid applicable to rural areas
摘要： This paper proposes a novel photovoltaic-pumped hydro storage microgrid design, which is more cost-effective than photovoltaic-battery systems. Existing irrigation infrastructure is modified in order to store energy at a low cost. This energy storage system pumps water from the bottom of a water well to a reservoir at ground level to store surplus energy in the form of gravitational potential energy. This stored water can be released back to the well through a turbine to generate clean electricity when it is needed, or it can be used for irrigation. This microgrid needs a complex management system that takes into account energy generation, energy demand, water demand, energy tariff, and system losses to determine pump power, turbine flow rate, as well as irrigation times. The proposed energy management system considers the current and future state of the system and compares cost-saving and feed-in income for each decision by using two forecasting methods and a multi-level optimisation algorithm. The performance of the management system is experimentally verified on a real pump and turbine. The objective of this study is not only to manage pump power and turbine flow rate, but also to manage irrigation times and water volume. The results show that adding irrigation and water management assist the energy management system in using stored water more efficiently. As a result, electricity costs are reduced by more than 31% compared to existing management methods. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB to calculate annual electricity costs. The payback period and lifetime benefit of the proposed storage are calculated to investigate the economic aspects of the system.
关键词： Pumped hydro storage system,Microgrid,Energy management system,Energy storage system,Solar photovoltaic system,Renewable energy
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Sensors and Nanotechnology (SENSORS & NANO) - Penang, Malaysia (2019.7.24-2019.7.25)] 2019 IEEE International Conference on Sensors and Nanotechnology - Whole-cell detectors of contaminants constructed by immobilization of bioreporters in form of biofilm on special optical fiber elements
摘要： Powering cellular base stations with renewable energy are one of the long-term strategies for achieving green networks and reducing their operational costs. As an energy provider, the power grid is evolving into a smarter one, which allows more energy-ef?cient cellular networks and enables cooperation and interaction with the smart grid. On one hand, cellular networks can use harvested renewable energy and on-site energy storage to reduce their energy costs. On the other hand, the price of electricity depends on the energy load, which will eventually contribute to decreasing the peak consumption and global energy cost. In this paper, we propose new integration architecture for renewable energy-powered cellular networks and the smart grid. The proposed architecture is designed based on the classi?cation and the analysis of the existing proposals and the requirements of the smart grid, renewable energy systems, and cellular networks.
关键词： integration architecture,Cellular networks,smart grid,renewable energy,energy ef?ciency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59