- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Process Automation in Computer Controlled Polishing
摘要： We report on an ambitious project in the field of automation, applied to bound and free abrasive processing of precision and ultra-precision surfaces, with potentially far-reaching consequences. This involves two main aspects:- direct processing of surfaces using industrial robots, and combining robots with Zeeko CNC polishing machines to automate operations that are currently manual. These form steps towards our ultimate vision of the Integrated Manufacturing Cell for bespoke optics rather than mass-produced, and manufacture of other precision surfaces including prosthetic joint implants. Projects such as the European Extremely Large Telescope provide a relevant case study, where significant numbers of high-value bespoke optics are required.
关键词： Robot,Mirror,Optics,Automation,Smoothing,Telescope,Polishing,Grolishing,Lens
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Reconstructing Aircraft Trajectories from Multi-Return Airborne Laser-Scanning Data
摘要： Data describing aircraft position and attitude are essential to computing return positions from ranging data collected during airborne laser scanning (ALS) campaigns. However, these data are often excluded from the products delivered to the client and their recovery after the contract is complete can require negotiations with the data provider, may involve additional costs, or even be infeasible. This paper presents a rigorous, fully automated, novel method for recovering aircraft positions using only the point cloud. The study used ALS data from five acquisitions in the US Pacific Northwest region states of Oregon and Washington and validated derived aircraft positions using the smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET) provided for the acquisitions. The computational requirements of the method are reduced and precision is improved by relying on subsets of multiple-return pulses, common in forested areas, with widely separated first and last returns positioned at opposite sides of the aircraft to calculate their intersection, or closest point of approach. To provide a continuous trajectory, a cubic spline is fit to the intersection points. While it varies by acquisition and parameter settings, the error in the computed aircraft position seldom exceeded a few meters. This level of error is acceptable for most applications. To facilitate use and encourage modifications to the algorithm, the authors provide a code that can be applied to data from most ALS acquisitions.
关键词： simulation,aircraft position,pulse angle,trajectory,automation,airborne laser scanning
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - Vladivostok, Russia (2019.10.1-2019.10.4)] 2019 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - 3D modeling of Laser Robotic Complex Motion in CAM Spaces
摘要： The article presents methods for computer-aided 3D modeling and simulation of elements of a laser robotic complex. Main approaches to modeling and simulation of a processing tool and mobile equipment (a dual-axis servo positioning device, hereafter referred to as servo positioner), which are part of the laser robotic complex (LRC), are described. Meanwhile, the technological trajectory is represented in the local basis of the model of a product and is located both in an arbitrary point in space and on the servo positioner relative to the world graphic space. The dynamics calculation method for the LRC moving elements in world space is presented. The article describes the way to adjust relative positions of the tool and the servo positioner in the world graphic space taking into account existing equipment.
关键词： industrial 3D design,CAM/CAD,3D modeling,industrial 3D graphics,automation,laser robotic processing,computer graphics and visualization
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE TENCON 2019 - 2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON) - Kochi, India (2019.10.17-2019.10.20)] TENCON 2019 - 2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON) - A low cost Human Computer Interface for Disabled People based on Eye Blink detection using Brain Signal
摘要： In the society, most of the disabled people especially completely movement impaired ones live like burdens and suffer from severe depression as they have to depend on others for day-to-day activities and cannot contribute to the community. These people may not be able to move their arms or legs but they can certainly think. If their ability to think and make decisions can be utilized in decision making situations and also if they can further be included in industrial automation structure, they will no longer be burden rather they will become man-power to the society. One of the major challenges of involving these people in such processes is making a low cost device that is affordable by the mass, made with locally available components and also interprets the person’s choice accurately. As these people are physically disable, comprehending their electroencephalogram (EEG) signal for blink detection can be an effective solution for translating their choices. EEG-based controlling devices are mobile and can serve as powerful aids for severely disabled people in their daily life. In this work, a low cost EEG sensor is made with readily available components and a framework is developed to detect voluntary eye blinks. A graphical user interface (GUI) is also developed which is suitable for the impaired person. The eye blinks of the person act as bridge between a set of choices pointed in the GUI and his/her selection interest and thus help the person control home appliances, wheel chair and even computer without depending on others.
关键词： low cost,graphical user interface,EEG,automation,blink,integrated
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Low-cost solution of LED driving, designed for tunable white lighting systems
摘要： Aiming at increased lighting comfort, new types of light fixtures may currently be seen that may not only be dimmed, but can also adjust the temperature of the light. The ability to adjust the brightness and color temperature is not only supposed to create a pleasant atmosphere, but it may also have a positive effect on human organism, especially if luminaries can be controlled to get as close as possible to the dynamics of natural light. The change in color temperature is known to affect the production of the melatonin hormone in the human body. This capacity is especially useful in situations where we need to increase the alertness of people working at night and thus increase their performance when carrying out certain tasks. This paper deals with the design of a low-cost solution for the power supply units of LED light fittings able to adjust the brightness and temperature of light aiming to achieve the best electrical parameters. While working on the design, the possibility of adding other electronic components to the power supply was considered, which would further increase its usefulness in the future. Experimental results of the power supply efficiency measurements for different control frequencies are presented.
关键词： Embedded Systems,Communication for Control Systems,Microprocessors and Microcontrollers,Building and home automation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Determination of the Optimal State of Dough Fermentation in Bread Production by Using Optical Sensors and Deep Learning
摘要： Dough fermentation plays an essential role in the bread production process, and its success is critical to producing high-quality products. In Germany, the number of stores per bakery chain has increased within the last years as well as the trend to finish the bakery products local at the stores. There is an unsatisfied demand for skilled workers, which leads to an increasing number of untrained and inexperienced employees at the stores. This paper proposes a method for the automatic monitoring of the fermentation process based on optical techniques. By using a combination of machine learning and superellipsoid model fitting, we have developed an instance segmentation and parameter estimation method for dough objects that are positioned inside a fermentation chamber. In our method we measure the given topography at discrete points in time using a movable laser sensor system that is located at the back of the fermentation chamber. By applying the superellipsoid model fitting method, we estimated the volume of each object and achieved results with a deviation of approximately 10% on average. Thereby, the volume gradient is monitored continuously and represents the progress of the fermentation state. Exploratory tests show the reliability and the potential of our method, which is particularly suitable for local stores but also for high volume production in bakery plants.
关键词： fermentation monitoring,optical sensor,superellipsoid model fitting,process automation,quality inspection,deep learning
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Fluctuating light experiments and semi-automated plant phenotyping enabled by self-built growth racks and simple upgrades to the IMAGING-PAM
摘要： Background: Over the last years, several plant science labs have started to employ fluctuating growth light conditions to simulate natural light regimes more closely. Many plant mutants reveal quantifiable effects under fluctuating light despite being indistinguishable from wild?type plants under standard constant light. Moreover, many subtle plant phenotypes become intensified and thus can be studied in more detail. This observation has caused a paradigm shift within the photosynthesis research community and an increasing number of scientists are interested in using fluctuating light growth conditions. However, high installation costs for commercial controllable LED setups as well as costly phenotyping equipment can make it hard for small academic groups to compete in this emerging field. Results: We show a simple do?it?yourself approach to enable fluctuating light growth experiments. Our results using previously published fluctuating light sensitive mutants, stn7 and pgr5, confirm that our low?cost setup yields similar results as top?prized commercial growth regimes. Moreover, we show how we increased the throughput of our Walz IMAGING?PAM, also found in many other departments around the world. We have designed a Python and R?based open source toolkit that allows for semi?automated sample segmentation and data analysis thereby reducing the processing bottleneck of large experimental datasets. We provide detailed instructions on how to build and functionally test each setup. Conclusions: With material costs well below USD$1000, it is possible to setup a fluctuating light rack including a constant light control shelf for comparison. This allows more scientists to perform experiments closer to natural light conditions and contribute to an emerging research field. A small addition to the IMAGING?PAM hardware not only increases sample throughput but also enables larger?scale plant phenotyping with automated data analysis.
关键词： Photosynthesis,Do?it?yourself,Phenotyping,Maker movement,Data analysis automation,Fluctuating light
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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A Compact Quick-Start Sub-mW Pulse-Width-Controlled PLL with Automated Layout Synthesis using a Place-and-Route Tool
摘要： This paper demonstrates the design ?ow of a quick-start pulse-width-controlled PLL with automated layout synthesis using a place-and-route tool. The quick-start PWPLL converts the internal state into an analog-digital mixed signal called soft-thermometer-code (STC) and stores them into memory before PWPLL is turned o? in order to enhance the start-up in the next turn-on. Our chip fabricated with TSMC 65nm shows 220ns settling time (13 reference clock cycles), 858μW power consumption under 1V nominal supply voltage with 59μm × 58μm silicon area. The measurement results demonstrate that the design-automated PLL realizes the FoM of ?221.7dB, which is roughly the same value as that of the manually-designed one with the same target speci?cation.
关键词： layout automation,pulse-width-controlled PLL,quick start,Phase locked loop,place and route
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris, France (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Improvement of an Automated AC/DC Voltage Transfer Calibration System at the Standards and Calibration Laboratory
摘要： This paper describes the recent improvement of the AC/DC voltage transfer calibration system at the Standards and Calibration Laboratory (SCL) of Hong Kong. The measurement system has been recently modified with an enclosure, a switching relay and an automated control program. With these new implementations, the switching time and the switching pattern were studied and compared with the original design.
关键词： automation,AC/DC voltage transfer,single junction thermal element,multi junction thermal element
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Framework for automated registration of UAV and UGV point clouds using local features in images
摘要： Automatically registering 3D point clouds generated by unmanned aerial and ground vehicles (UAVs and UGVs) is challenging, as data is acquired at different locations with different sensors, consequently resulting in different spatial scales and occlusions. To address these problems, this study proposes a framework for the automated registration of UAV and UGV point clouds using 2D local feature points in the images taken from UAVs and UGVs. This study first conducted field experiments by varying the angles of the UAV camera to identify the optimal angle with which to detect sufficient points matching with the images taken by the UGV. As a result, this study identified that a combination of UAV images taken at 30° and 90° is appropriate for generating a sufficient number of matching points and attaining a reasonable level of precision. The UAV and UGV point clouds were initially scaled and registered with a transformation matrix computed from the 3D points corresponding to the 2D feature matching points. The initially aligned point clouds were subsequently adjusted by the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm, resulting in the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.112 m. This promising result indicates that full automation of spatial data collection and registration from a scattered environment (e.g., construction or disaster sites) by UAVs and UGVs is feasible without human intervention.
关键词： UGV,UAV,Registration,Point cloud,Drone,Mobile robot,Automation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36