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- 2018
- electromagnetic pulse
- cell proliferation
- cell membrane permeability
- cell response to electromagnetic stress
- apoptosis
- cancer therapy
- necrosis
- Intelligent Medical Engineering
- V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
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A hybrid nanomaterial with NIR-induced heat and associated hydroxyl radical generation for synergistic tumor therapy
摘要： Although photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are widely commended for tumor treatment recently, they still suffer severe challenges due to the non-specificity of photothermal agents (PTAs)/photosensitizers (PSs) and hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Here, an oxygen independent biomimetic nanoplatform based on carbon sphere dotted with cerium oxide and coated by cell membrane (MCSCe) was designed and synthesized with good biocompatibility, homologous targeting ability, and improved photophysical activity. Notably, MCSCe could realize accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in tumor cells and hyperthermia under single laser (808 nm) irradiation, which were simultaneously utilized by itself to produce more toxic hydroxyl radical (·OH). Resultantly, the synergistic therapeutic effect against tumor cells was obtained under near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation.
关键词： cerium oxide,H2O2 self-accumulation,cell membrane,tumor therapy,carbon sphere
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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UV-ozone induced surface passivation to enhance the performance of Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells
摘要： Interface property has been considered one of the most critical factors affecting the performance of semiconductor devices. In this work, we demonstrate an efficient surface passivation for the interface between Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and CdS buffer layer by using UV-ozone treatment at room temperature. The passivation led to a significant enhancement of short circuit current density (Jsc) of the device from 11.70 mA/cm2 to 18.34 mA/cm2 and thus efficiency of the CZTS solar cells from 3.18% to 5.55%. The study of surface chemistry has revealed that the UV-ozone exposure led to formation of a Sn–O rich surface on CZTS, which passivates the dangling bonds and forms an ultra-thin energy barrier layer at the interface of CZTS/CdS. The barrier is considered to be responsible for the reduction of non-radiative recombination loss in the solar cells as confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) measurement. The elongated lifetime of minority carriers in the CZTS solar cells by time-resolved PL has further verified the interface passivation effect induced by UV-ozone treatment. This work provides a fast, simple yet very effective approach for surface passivation of CZTS film to boost the performance of CZTS solar cells.
关键词： CZTS solar cell,UV-Ozone treatment,Interface modification,Surface passivation
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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Nano-mirror embedded back reflector layer (BRL) for advanced light management in thin silicon solar cells
摘要： This work illustrates a technology for advanced light management by introducing a nonconventional back reflector layer (BRL) in amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells. To meet this, silver sulfide (Ag2S) nanoparticles with ~50 nm diameter have been chosen as the nano-mirror owing to its low parasitic absorption loss over a broad wavelength (300 to 1100 nm) region. The Ag2S NPs were sandwiched between two indium tin oxide (ITO) layer and placed as the back reflector layer of an a-Si:H solar cell to achieve better light trapping within the active layers. The embedded structure exhibited high reflectance (up to 93%) in the red and near-infrared region, the main working zone of a-Si:H cells. With the incorporation of such state of the art back reflector structure in a-Si:H solar cells, a photo-conversion efficiency of 10.58% has been achieved; which is one of the best in this class.
关键词： a-Si:H solar cell,Back reflection,theoretical validation,high efficiency,nano-mirror
更新于2025-11-21 11:01:37
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Cu(In,Ga)Se2 monograin powders with different Ga content for solar cells
摘要： Monograin layer (MGL) solar cell technology based on CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGSe) monograin powder crystals is a promising approach for the future low-cost production of flexible solar panels. In this study, CuIn1-xGaxSe2 monograin powders (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were prepared from binary compounds in the liquid phase of potassium iodide as flux material in evacuated quartz ampoules at 720 °C. The crystal structure and the lattice parameters of the CIGSe monograin powder crystals were determined by using X-ray diffraction analysis. A linear decrease of the lattice parameters with increasing Ga concentration was detected. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the CIGSe crystals were dominated by the edge emission band that shifted towards higher energies with increasing Ga content. Moreover, additional deep PL band (below 1.0 eV) appeared for Ga contents above x = 0.21 showing higher relative intensity with increasing Ga content. The effective bandgap energy of the CIGSe monograin powder materials ranged from 1.0 eV to 1.68 eV as the [Ga]/([In] + [Ga]) ratio increased from 0 to 1.0. An efficiency of 12.8% (active area) was obtained with the MGL solar cell based on CuIn1-xGaxSe2 monograin powder with Ga content of x = 0.21.
关键词： Cu(In,Ga)Se2,Solar cell,Crystalline powder,Crystal growth
更新于2025-11-21 10:59:37
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Iodine Induced PbI <sub/>2</sub> Porous Morphology Manipulation for High-Performance Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The quality of the perovskite film has a vital influence on the performance of perovskite solar cells and it is quite desirable to simultaneously manipulate the crystallization and morphology of the perovskite film. In this study, conventional PbI2 is replaced with a PbI2/I2 mixed precursor during the first step of sequential deposition, causing the formation of a PbI2 porous nanostructure. By changing the content of I2 in the precursor, the morphology of the PbI2 film as well as the resulting perovskite film can be successfully modulated. With an optimal content of I2, a high-quality perovskite film with a pure phase and smooth surface can be achieved. As a result, the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells using a PbI2/I2 mixed precursor can be as high as 18.63%, compared to 16.89% for the reference device through traditional sequential deposition with a pure PbI2 precursor.
关键词： porous PbI2,iodine,perovskite,sequential deposition,solar cell
更新于2025-11-20 15:33:11
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Demonstration of Photovoltaic Action and Enhanced Stability from a Quasi-Two-Dimensional Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Copper–Halide Material Incorporating Divalent Organic Groups
摘要： Commercialization of solar cells based on photoactive lead–halide perovskites is in-part limited by their toxicity and instability. In this study, new and related copper–halide hybrid organic–inorganic materials containing dicationic 1,6-hexanediammonium (+H3N-C6H12-NH3+) demonstrated superior stability to heat and moisture in comparison to the analogous material containing monocationic 1-propylammonium (C3H7-NH3+) in twice the stoichiometry. Electronic absorption spectra taken of the materials were consistent with an indirect optical bandgap of ~1.8 eV, making them well-suited for application as the photoactive layer in the top cell of a tandem solar cell with silicon. The best-performing single-junction solar cells containing the dicationic material as the photoactive layer exhibited an open-circuit photovoltage in excess of 400 mV and a short-circuit photocurrent density of ~30 μA/cm2. These values are similar to those reported for state-of-the-art copper–halide hybrid organic–inorganic materials containing organic monocations and motivate further research on this class of materials.
关键词： photovoltaic,two-dimensional material,dications,solar cell,copper halide,hybrid material,stability,perovskite
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:42
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<i>In Situ</i> 2D Perovskite Formation and the Impact of the 2D/3D Structures on Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Hybrid organic and inorganic perovskite solar cells suffer from the lack of long-term stability and this negatively impacts the widespread application of this emerging and promising photovoltaic technology. In this work, aiming to increase the stability of perovskite films based on CH3NH3PbI3 and to deep understand the formation of 2D structures, solutions of alkylammonium chlorides containing 8, 10 and 12 carbons were introduced during the spin-coating on the surface of 3D perovskite films leading to the in situ formation of 2D structures. It was possible to identify the chemical formulae of some 2D structures formed by XRD and UV-Vis analysis of the modified films. Interestingly, the increase in the stability of the CH3NH3PbI3 films due to the formation of a 2D+3D perovskite network was only possible in planar TiO2 substrates. The increase on stability of the CH3NH3PbI3 films follows the surfactant molecule order: octylammonium (8C) > decylammonium (10C) > dodecylammonium (12C) chlorides > standard. We observed an increase of 17.6 % in the lifetime of the devices assembled with modified perovskite film compared to our standard device, which is directly linked to the improvement of the charge carrier lifetimes obtained from Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) measurements.
关键词： Energy Conversion,Photovoltaics,Stability,2D perovskite,Perovskite Solar Cell
更新于2025-11-19 16:56:35
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Preparation of La<sub>0.9</sub>Sr<sub>0.1</sub>Ga<sub>0.8</sub>Mg<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Film by Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) Method on Porous Ni–Fe Metal Substrate for CO<sub>2</sub> Electrolysis
摘要： Preparation of metal supported La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 (LSGM) thin film cell for CO2 electrolysis was studied and by using selective reduction method of NiO–NiFe2O4, it was found that porous Ni–Fe(9:1) based substrate with ca.30% porosity was successfully prepared without large volume change resulting in the successful preparation of LaGaO3 dense thin film on metal substrate. By using Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 (SDC) thin film, Ni diffusion from Ni–Fe substrate was prevented. CO2 electrolysis was performed on the prepared LSGM/SDC on Ni–Fe porous substrate. When Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (SSC) anode was prepared by screen print method using SSC powder, sintering of SSC powder was significantly occurred resulting in the large IR loss and overpotential. In contrast, when SSC anode layer was deposited by PLD (30 min) after LSGM/SDC layer deposition, tight contact between SSC anode and LSGM electrolyte film was obtained and the large CO2 electrolysis current of 3 and 0.5 A/cm2 were achieved at 973 and 773 K, respectively. Impedance analysis suggests that increased CO2 electrolysis current was obtained by decreased IR loss and electrode overpotential.
关键词： LaGaO3 thin film,CO2 electrolysis,metal support,solid oxide electrolysis cell
更新于2025-11-19 16:51:07
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Cell viability assessments of green synthesized water-soluble AgInS <sub/>2</sub> /ZnS core/shell quantum dots against different cancer cell lines
摘要： Chalcopyrite quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a safe alternative to cadmium-based QDs for bio-applications. However, the research on AgInS2 chalcopyrite QDs has not been widely explored in terms of their toxicity. Herein, we report a synthesis of biocompatible AgInS2/ZnS QDs via a greener approach. The emission intensity of the as-synthesized AgInS2 core QDs was enhanced 2-fold after the ZnS shell growth. X-ray diffraction revealed the tetragonal crystal structure of QDs, and high-resolution transmission electron microscope images show that the QDs are spherical in shape and crystalline in nature. Cell viability assays conducted on different cell lines, such as HeLa, A549, and BHK-21 cells, indicated that AgInS2/ZnS QDs are least toxic at a QD concentration range of 100 lg/mL. The ?uorescent microscope analysis of A549 cells incubated with AgInS2/ZnS QDs shows that the QDs were accumulated in the cell membranes. The as-synthesized AgInS2/ZnS QDs are less toxic and eco-friendly, and can be used for biolabeling.
关键词： cell viability,AgInS2/ZnS,biolabeling,Chalcopyrite quantum dots,biocompatibility
更新于2025-11-19 16:46:39
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Indoline and benzothiazole-based squaraine dye-sensitized solar cells containing bis-pendent sulfonate groups: Synthesis, characterization and solar cell performance
摘要： Two new symmetric squaraine sensitizers (SQTHZ and SQIND) carrying benzothiazole and indoline moieties as strong electron donating groups to inject the electron into the TiO2 nanoparticles were tested as DSSC. The theoretical calculations and absorption results show that the electron density of LUMO of SQTHZ is delocalized in the whole chromophore, leading to strong electronic coupling between SQTHZ sensitizer and the conduction band of TiO2. Furthermore, the presence of long alkyl chain with pendent bis-SO3- groups would inhibit recombination and decrease the dye aggregation. Interestingly, SQTHZ displayed UV-Vis and NIR absorption at a longer wavelength compared to SQIND. This structure feature, as well as optical properties, would lead to improved efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell with overall better photovoltaic performance (η of 3.31 %, Jsc of 7.65 mA/ cm2, Voc of 0.59, ff of 0.71 and IPCE of 47 % at 674 nm) compared to SQIND.
关键词： Photoelectrochemical properties,DFT,Dye-sensitized solar cell,Symmetric squaraine dyes
更新于2025-11-19 16:46:39