- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
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Enhancing Light Outcoupling in OLEDs by Integration of Scattering Electrodes
摘要： Limited outcoupling efficiencies are still a big problem in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). In this contribution, a simple and general approach for enhancing the outcoupling efficiency of OLEDs is presented: by using a three-step process including electro-spray deposition of a sacrificial material (step i), thin metal-layer deposition (step ii), and elution of the sacrificial material (step iii), scattering metal structures can be fabricated that can be used in cavity OLEDs. The integration into green-emitting vacuum-processed OLEDs yields in an increased luminous efficiency and EQE by 30% and 27%, respectively.
关键词： OLED,Electrospray Deposition,Organic Electronics,Light Outcoupling
更新于2025-11-14 15:25:21
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Elucidation of the structural and charge separation properties of titanium-doped hematite films deposited by electrospray method for photoelectrochemical water oxidation
摘要： Elemental doping is considered to be an effective strategy to improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity of hematite (a-Fe2O3) as a photoanode for water splitting, but the precise function(s) of the dopant remains unclear. In this study, we report on the structural and charge separation properties of titanium-doped hematite (Ti doped Fe2O3) films prepared by a simple electrospray technique for PEC water oxidation. The effect of Ti doping on the structure, morphology, light absorption, and electrical and photoelectrochemical properties was investigated on a-Fe2O3 films. SEM images revealed a reduction in particle sizes for 2% Ti doped a-Fe2O3, while an increase in particle size was observed for higher Ti content. XRD confirmed the presence of a-Fe2O3 without any impurity or other phases. From XPS spectra, the incorporation of Ti was confirmed in the form of Ti4+ as predominant species while no impurities from the substrate were detected. When the Ti doped Fe2O3 (2% Ti) film was used as a photoanode in a PEC cell, it delivered the best performance with a maximum photocurrent density of 1.09 mA cm-2 (at 1.8 V vs. RHE and under standard 1 sun illumination conditions (AM 1.5 G, 100 mW cm-2)), which is 2 times higher than that of the un-doped a-Fe2O3 (0.51 mA cm-2). The photoelectrode also showed a superior incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) as compared to an un-doped a-Fe2O3. This enhancement in performance was attributed to the better charge separation and transport properties of a-Fe2O3 due to Ti doping, as revealed by an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis.
关键词： Electrospray deposition,PEC,a-Fe2O3,Ti doping,Water splitting
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - Guangzhou, China (2019.5.19-2019.5.22)] 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - Design of Substrate Integrated Waveguide Based Filtering Antennas
摘要： This paper reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of arrays of miniaturized, internally fed, polymer electrospray emitters fabricated with stereolithography. The freeform additive manufacturing process used to make the devices has associated two orders of magnitude reduction in the fabrication cost per device and fabrication time (from thousands of dollars to tens of dollars, and from months to hours, respectively) and a two orders of magnitude reduction in the cost of the manufacturing infrastructure (from millions of dollars to tens of thousands of dollars) compared with a silicon MEMS multiplexed electrospray source. The 3-D printed devices include features not easily attainable with other microfabrication methods, e.g., tapered channels and threaded holes. Through the optimization of the fabrication process 10-mm tall, isolated, straight, solid columns with diameter as small as 300 μm, and 12-mm long, straight tubes with inner diameter as small as 400 μm and wall thickness as small as 150 μm were demonstrated. Arrays with as many as 236 internally fed electrospray emitters (236 emitters in 1 cm2) were made, i.e., a twofold increase in emitter density and a sixfold increase in array size compared with the best reported values from multiplexed, internally fed, electrospray sources made of polymer. The characterization of devices with a different array size suggests a uniform emitter operation.
关键词： electrospray,Additive manufacturing of MEMS,stereolithography,multiplexed liquid ionizers
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Sozopol, Bulgaria (2019.9.6-2019.9.8)] 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) - Improving Focusing Properties of Gradient Annular Metal Gratings of Terahertz Range
摘要： We report the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of dense, monolithic, and planar arrays of externally-fed electrospray emitters with an integrated extractor grid and carbon nanotube ?ow control structures for low-voltage and high-throughput electrospray of the ionic liquid EMI-BF4 in vacuum. Microfabricated arrays with as many as 1900 emitters in 1 cm2 were fabricated and tested. Per-emitter currents as high as 5 μA in both polarities were measured, with start-up bias voltages as low as 470 V and extractor grid transmission as high as 80%. Maximum array emission currents of 1.35 mA (1.35 mA/cm2) were measured using arrays of 1900 emitters in 1 cm2. A conformal carbon nanotube forest grown on the surface of the emitters acts as a wicking structure that transports liquid to the emitter tips, providing hydraulic impedance to regulate and uniformize the emission across the array. Mass spectrometry of the electrospray beam con?rms that emission in both polarities is composed of solvated ions, and etching of the silicon collector electrode is observed. Collector imprints and per-emitter current–voltage characteristics for different emitter array sizes spanning three orders of magnitude show excellent emission uniformity across the array. Performance estimates of the devices as nanosatellite thrusters are provided.
关键词： Electrospray,carbon nanotubes,ionic liquid,MEMS,multiplexing,microfabrication
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Chicago, IL, USA (2019.6.16-2019.6.21)] 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) - Ultralight Luminescent Solar Concentrators for Space Solar Power Systems
摘要： This paper reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of arrays of miniaturized, internally fed, polymer electrospray emitters fabricated with stereolithography. The freeform additive manufacturing process used to make the devices has associated two orders of magnitude reduction in the fabrication cost per device and fabrication time (from thousands of dollars to tens of dollars, and from months to hours, respectively) and a two orders of magnitude reduction in the cost of the manufacturing infrastructure (from millions of dollars to tens of thousands of dollars) compared with a silicon MEMS multiplexed electrospray source. The 3-D printed devices include features not easily attainable with other microfabrication methods, e.g., tapered channels and threaded holes. Through the optimization of the fabrication process 10-mm tall, isolated, straight, solid columns with diameter as small as 300 μm, and 12-mm long, straight tubes with inner diameter as small as 400 μm and wall thickness as small as 150 μm were demonstrated. Arrays with as many as 236 internally fed electrospray emitters (236 emitters in 1 cm2) were made, i.e., a twofold increase in emitter density and a sixfold increase in array size compared with the best reported values from multiplexed, internally fed, electrospray sources made of polymer. The characterization of devices with a different array size suggests a uniform emitter operation.
关键词： Additive manufacturing of MEMS,multiplexed liquid ionizers,electrospray,stereolithography
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Electrospray deposited MoS2 nanosheets as an electron transporting material for high efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells
摘要： For perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the development of low cost, stable and e?cient electron transport materials (ETMs) is of prime consideration. Here, we have introduced a scalable electrospraying technique for the direct deposition of hydrotermally synthesized two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 nanosheets ETMs, onto the ?uorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass susbtarte to use in PSCs with reduces hysteresis, improved ambient stability and high e?ciency. The PSCs fabricated with electrospray deposited MoS2 nanosheets demonstrate the maximum power conversion e?ciency (PCEmax) of 16.17%, that is comparable to the PCEs achieved from compact SnO2 and TiO2 ETM based PSCs. The current ?ndings present a new route for the construction of stable and e?cient PSCs based on a low-cost and solution- processed MoS2 nanosheets ETMs.
关键词： Thin ?lms,Electrospray,Perovskite solar cells,Hysteresis-free,MoS2 nanosheets
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2018 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP) - Hangzhou (2018.10.26-2018.10.29)] 2018 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP) - Reducing the RF linewidth and timing jitter of a mode-locked semiconductor laser using optical feedback scheme
摘要： This paper reports the design, fabrication, and characterization of arrays of miniaturized, internally fed, polymer electrospray emitters fabricated with stereolithography. The freeform additive manufacturing process used to make the devices has associated two orders of magnitude reduction in the fabrication cost per device and fabrication time (from thousands of dollars to tens of dollars, and from months to hours, respectively) and a two orders of magnitude reduction in the cost of the manufacturing infrastructure (from millions of dollars to tens of thousands of dollars) compared with a silicon MEMS multiplexed electrospray source. The 3-D printed devices include features not easily attainable with other microfabrication methods, e.g., tapered channels and threaded holes. Through the optimization of the fabrication process 10-mm tall, isolated, straight, solid columns with diameter as small as 300 μm, and 12-mm long, straight tubes with inner diameter as small as 400 μm and wall thickness as small as 150 μm were demonstrated. Arrays with as many as 236 internally fed electrospray emitters (236 emitters in 1 cm2) were made, i.e., a twofold increase in emitter density and a sixfold increase in array size compared with the best reported values from multiplexed, internally fed, electrospray sources made of polymer. The characterization of devices with a different array size suggests a uniform emitter operation.
关键词： stereolithography,Additive manufacturing of MEMS,electrospray,multiplexed liquid ionizers
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of protein chromophores
摘要： Photoactive proteins that efficiently and selectively transfer light energy into a physical response are ubiquitous in nature. The small molecule chromophores that lie at the heart of these processes often exist as closed-shell anions following deprotonation in proton-transfer reactions. This review highlights the important role that anion photoelectron spectroscopy, combined with computational chemistry calculations, is playing in improving our understanding of the electronic structure and relaxation dynamics of these protein chromophores. We discuss key aspects of anion photoelectron spectroscopy. We then review recent anion photoelectron spectroscopy studies of the deprotonated chromophore anions found in green fluorescent protein (GFP), photoactive yellow protein (PYP) and the deprotonated luciferin anion found in the luciferase enzyme.
关键词： electrospray ionisation,Anion photoelectron spectroscopy,photoactive yellow protein,luciferin,green fluorescent protein,photodetachment
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Combination of Electrospray Deposition Technology of TiO2 Nanoparticles and MALDI FTICR MSI for Identification of Fingerprint Morphology and Latent Components
摘要： In fingerprint recognition, besides the physical shape information afforded by fingerprint enhancement techniques (FET), in recent years, more and more efforts are focused on researching the chemical composition of a fingerprint residue. In this work, electrospray deposition method was elaborately used to softly and homogenously deposit the physical enhancers of FET, TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), onto fingerprints. The results showed that this type of deposition was nondestructive to the fingerprint morphology and provided the physical shape information containing all level features. Concurrently, the TiO2 NPs demonstrated as a better matrix of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) for analysis and imaging of latent components in fingerprint, including endogenous substances like triacylglycerols (TAGs), diacylglycerols (DAGs) and cholesterol esters (CEs), and exogenous substances such as certain ingredients in hand lotion. The chemical compositions in fingerprint are closely related to individual metabolites and individual lifestyles, and identification of these compositions by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) MS is extremely beneficial for forensic analysis. The combinations of electrospray deposition technology of TiO2 NPs and MALDI FTICR MSI for identification of fingerprint morphology and latent components provide dual-modes fingerprint recognition for forensic science.
关键词： Fingerprint recognition,Electrospray deposition,MALDI-FTICR MSI,Physical enhancement,TiO2 nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Novel CuAlO2/polyaniline hole transport layer for industrial production of perovskite solar cells
摘要： Here, we report the application of a CuAlO2/polyaniline (PANI) film, prepared using a large-area-compatible electrospray process, as a hole transport layer in a perovskite solar cell. The synergistic combination of CuAlO2 and PANI results in enhanced hole extraction, a smoother perovskite/hole transport layer interface, and an 80% enhancement in power conversion efficiency. The results reveal that CuAlO2/PANI film has potential as a low-cost, scalable hole transport layer for perovskite solar cells.
关键词： electrospray,large-area,polyaniline,CuAlO2,hole transport layer,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59