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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Investigating the Relationship Between Shallow Groundwater, Soil Moisture and Land Surface Temperature Using Remotely Sensed Data
摘要： Shallow groundwater has a decisive impact on land surface temperature (LST) and soil moisture (SM). In the present paper relationship between shallow groundwater, SM and LST was studied. For this purpose, the groundwater level and soil moisture were measured in 59 and 39 locations respectively in the southwest of Iran, during June 2016, Simultaneous with the overpass of a Landsat 8 satellite from the study site. After necessary image processing the LST was retrieved from the Landsat image using the split window algorithm. Then relationship between retrieved LST and different field observation were studied. Results show that there is a significant relationship between the groundwater depth and SM with LST. These results indicate that shallow groundwater depth and soil moisture content could be estimated and mapped using the retrieved LST from the satellite imagery.
关键词： Remote Sensing,LST,Landsat 8,Shallow Groundwater,Soil moisture
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 17th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) - Rapperswil (2018.6.18-2018.6.21)] 2018 17th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) - Groundwater table level changes based on ground penetrating radar images: a case study
摘要： A ground penetrating radar has been used to estimate the depth of groundwater table. The GPR measurements were conducted on esker deposits along the same profile and repeated five times during the year in autumn, spring, two times in summer and again in autumn. A shielded transmitting antenna with a nominal frequency of 250 MHz was used during the surveys. The accuracy of ground penetrating radar measurements to estimate the depth of groundwater occurrence is discussed in this paper. The results of estimation of groundwater table from GPR is compared with the level of groundwater table measured in piezometer.
关键词： ground penetrating radar (GPR),groundwater table,monitoring
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Infrared Imagery and Inert Media Used in Treating Upwelling Groundwater with Rotenone
摘要： Untreated upwelling groundwater from seeps and springs in and adjacent to surface water bodies has been long suspected of causing failed rotenone treatments by providing a refugia of nontoxic water. A possible solution involves the use of an inert media to carry the liquid rotenone to the source of upwelling groundwater and release rotenone over an extended period of time suf?cient to affect the mortality of the target ?sh. In our initial study to address this problem, we used thermal infrared imagery (FLIR One) on a smartphone to locate groundwater that was subsequently treated with mixtures of the liquid rotenone formulation CFT Legumine (3.3% rotenone) utilizing two commercially available inert carriers: (1) CatSan Hygiene Litter (mixture of quartz sand and calcite) and (2) Vectocarb (?ne powder of modi?ed CaCO3). Trials on the mixtures were conducted in 2015 in upwelling groundwater areas of the Skibotn River drainage, Troms County, Norway, the site of previously failed eradication efforts. Following application, mean concentrations of 75.6 to 131 μg/L rotenone were present at 0.5 h in the pools and the brooks downstream of the upwelling groundwater that decreased and stabilized to 11.5 to 16.8 μg/L rotenone at 3 h. Both carriers have large surface areas (porosity) that transport (through sorption) the rotenone liquid to the source of upwelling groundwater and release (through desorption) concentrations of rotenone over at least 3 h. Both mixtures show promise in treating upwelling groundwater to eradicate ?sh from those areas and were used successfully in the 2016 retreatment of Skibotn River for the eradication of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar infested with the ectoparasite Gyrodactylus salaris.
关键词： fish eradication,infrared imagery,groundwater,inert media,rotenone
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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FDOM Conversion in Karst Watersheds Expressed by Three-Dimensional Fluorescence Spectroscopy
摘要： A karst system, formed by the dissolution of carbonate rocks, is usually susceptible to contamination. Little is known about the composition of natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater systems, especially in karstic groundwater. To reveal the characteristics of DOM in a karst aquifer, the Yufuhe River Basin, a typical karst watershed in northern China, was selected. DOM fluorescence (FDOM) was measured with the excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) spectroscopy technique. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was used to analyze the karst hydrogeological factors that affect FDOM biogeochemical behavior. Three fluorescent components, i.e., tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like, and ultraviolet fulvic acid were found. Their fluorescence properties were closely related to human activity and subterranean hydrology. Fluorescence properties suggested that FDOM in the Yufuhe River karst aquifer was predominant from anthropogenic activity. In addition, due to the effect of karstic heterogeneous hydrological conditions, FDOM showed obvious differentiation in the recharge, flow path, and discharge systems. The FDOM fluorescence intensity (FI) was weak in surface water and groundwater at the upper reaches (recharge area). In the middle of the flow path area, the percentage of tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like substances degraded and fulvic acid rose gradually. However, after infiltrating into the lower reaches (discharge area) of the deep karst aquifer system, the fulvic acid matter was consumed and protein-like matter accumulated.
关键词： dissolved organic matter fluorescence (FDOM),groundwater,three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy,karst aquatic system,Yufuhe River
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Vein width measurement of groundwater on Earth's surface using semiconductor laser light and proton precession magnetometer
摘要： Near-surface geophysical methods such as Semiconductor LASER Light Box (SCLLB) and Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) coupled with Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) and water dowsing approach are used to measure the vein width of Groundwater (GW) on the Earth's surface at fifteen locations in the Deccan Trap flood basalt area in Pune region, Maharashtra, India. The main objective is to validate old simple water dowsing way of GW detection in hard rock using the established modern science and technology namely VES, PPM and SCLLB techniques. On the basis of deflection of the L-shaped copper rods, the presence of GW with clues on the edges of GW vein is detected using the old traditional dowsing method. The efficacy of dowsing is verified by VES. It is found that apparent resistivity in the range from 48?m to 117?m over the GW location delineated by the dowser is relatively low, thus confirming the presence of GW in the study area. Variation in the intensity of Earth’s Magnetic Field (EMF) measured by PPM is found in the range from 37,788nT to 43,242nT over GW locations. High magnetic intensity values indicate a high GW potential in weathered vesicular-amygdaloidal basalt and magnetic field gradient changes enabled to calculate GW vein width. It is suggested that water dowsers might get a dowsing reaction as a result of entering into magnetic field gradient changes caused by GW. Digital barometer records the atmospheric pressure (P) and temperature (T) showing that both P and T are higher than the non-GW location which alters refractive index (RI) of medium over GW locations in the study area. A small change in RI alters the intensity of the semiconductor laser beam (≈234μA to 1204μA) indicating the edges of GW vein, thus giving the width of the vein. The results obtained by PPM and SCLLB match with dowsing responses. It is found that GW sources and width of GW vein (≈1m to 6m) in Deccan basaltic terrain can be measured quickly and with ease by using SCLLB in comparison to VES and PPM. It is concluded that the application of proposed modern instrumental measurement survey by PPM and SCLLB coupled with the old simple technology of water dowsing helps to identify the potential of the area to generate a subsurface water resource database at the national level, especially in hard rock.
关键词： Hard rock terrain,Groundwater vein,Proton Precession Magnetometer,Deccan Trap basalt,Dowsing,Semiconductor LASER Light Box
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Treatment of Trichloroethylene with Photocatalyst-Coated Optical Fiber
摘要： In this present study, we investigated the effect of photocatalyzation on the degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in the aqueous phase by a photocatalyst-coated plastic optical fiber (POF). Two light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with low light intensity were used as the light source and TiO2 and ZnO were used as photocatalysts, which were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The para-chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA) was used as the hydroxyl radical probe for kinetic study and for the calculation of hydroxyl radical conversion rate (ROH,UV ). Experimental results show that POF coated with TiO2 exhibited higher degradation efficiency of TCE in basic solution, but POF coated with ZnO performed better in acidic solution. The increase of coating times resulted in the decrease in degradation efficiency of TCE due to increased thickness of the photocatalyst layer. The enhancement of light intensity contributed to the improvement of photocatalytic treatment efficiency. The ROH,UV for TiO2 and ZnO coated POF increased from 2 × 103 to 8 × 103 M s cm2 mJ?1 and from 8 × 102 to 2 × 103 M s cm2 mJ?1, respectively, as the pH increased from 4 to 10.
关键词： trichloroethylene (TCE),optical fiber,photocatalysis,groundwater,hydroxyl radical
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Borehole water level model for photovoltaic water pumping systems
摘要： Using photovoltaic energy to pump water from aquifers is an interesting solution to circumvent the low electricity grid coverage and provide improved domestic water access in off-grid areas in sub-Saharan Africa. When pumping and during the lifetime of a pumping installation, the borehole water level changes, which impacts the amount of energy required to extract water from the aquifer. In order to address alterations in energy requirements, this article develops a data-driven borehole water level model adapted to photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPS). The proposed model is applicable to all types of PVWPS and aquifers. It has been validated against experimental data from a pilot PVWPS located in a rural off-grid village in Burkina Faso having achieved more than 97% accuracy. Thanks to this borehole model, we have been able to assess the influence of the variability of groundwater resources on both the performance of PVWPS and on their optimal sizing. We show that the variation of the static water level can require a increase of the peak power of the PV modules of up to 100%. Nonetheless, the effect of the drawdown due to the pumping is negligible. This study can help companies, governments and non-governmental organizations to better take into account the variability and the sustainability of groundwater resources in the optimal sizing and monitoring of PVWPS.
关键词： Groundwater resources,Optimal sizing,Sensitivity analysis,Photovoltaic water pumping,Lifecycle cost,Data validated model
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[EcoProduction] Biotechnology Products in Everyday Life || Performance Evaluation of Solar Energy-Based Distillation System for Groundwater Purification: A Green Concept for Rural Development of Indian Villages
摘要： Globally, increasing water pollution and lack of safe drinking water has raised an alarming situation. There are breaching water treatment systems which are increasing the rate of mortality by severely affecting the health and severe health effects due to lack of potable water. This guides us to develop and initiate sustainable solutions for both urban and rural communities. A common solution for many water-related key issues like an assurance to its availability, its reliability, and purity can be dealt with the development of low-tech systems which re?ect and promote long-term sustainable solutions. The following chapter discusses a process that harnesses the solar energy for the removal of arsenic contamination in water, followed by phytoremediation to treat the generated waste to meet the disposal requirements. The chapter also throws light on alternative solutions relying on solar energy for rural development, with economic evaluation to address the vulnerability of residents in context to the changing environment, climate change, and groundwater pollution, etc. The chapter opens new roads of environmental sciences taking the lead for agricultural biotechnological problems of groundwater contamination.
关键词： Rural development,Public health,Solar energy,Groundwater pollution,Climate change and vulnerability,Remediation
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Estimation of deep infiltration in unsaturated limestone environments using cave lidar and drip count data
摘要： Limestone aeolianites constitute karstic aquifers covering much of the western and southern Australian coastal fringe. They are a key groundwater resource for a range of industries such as winery and tourism, and provide important ecosystem services such as habitat for stygofauna. Moreover, recharge estimation is important for understanding the water cycle, for contaminant transport, for water management, and for stalagmite-based paleoclimate reconstructions. Caves offer a natural inception point to observe both the long-term groundwater recharge and the preferential movement of water through the unsaturated zone of such limestone. With the availability of automated drip rate logging systems and remote sensing techniques, it is now possible to deploy the combination of these methods for larger-scale studies of infiltration processes within a cave. In this study, we utilize a spatial survey of automated cave drip monitoring in two large chambers of Golgotha Cave, southwestern Western Australia (SWWA), with the aim of better understanding infiltration water movement and the relationship between infiltration, stalactite morphology, and unsaturated zone recharge. By applying morphological analysis of ceiling features from Terrestrial LiDAR (T-LiDAR) data, coupled with drip time series and climate data from 2012 to 2014, we demonstrate the nature of the relationships between infiltration through fractures in the limestone and unsaturated zone recharge. Similarities between drip rate time series are interpreted in terms of flow patterns, cave chamber morphology, and lithology. Moreover, we develop a new technique to estimate recharge in large-scale caves, engaging flow classification to determine the cave ceiling area covered by each flow category and drip data for the entire observation period, to calculate the total volume of cave discharge. This new technique can be applied to other cave sites to identify highly focussed areas of recharge and can help to better estimate the total recharge volume.
关键词： infiltration processes,Terrestrial LiDAR,unsaturated zone,groundwater recharge,karstic aquifers,drip monitoring
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14