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A sensitive and selective fluorescence probe for detection of hypochlorite (OCl?) and its bioimaging in live cells
摘要： A novel indolium-based fluorescent probe (probe 1) for the recognition and detection of hypochlorite (OCl?) has been explored via a double oxidation reaction mechanism. Probe 1 exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity for OCl? over other analytes, and with a detection limit of 0.11 μM. Meanwhile, probe 1 showed fast response towards OCl? in less than 3 min with obvious changes in color, which could be observed by naked eye. Moreover, fluorescence imaging experiments by using Eca109 cells were performed utilizing the new probe, demonstrating its practical applications in living cells.
关键词： Oxidize,Fluorescence probe,Bioimaging,Hypochlorite
更新于2025-11-21 11:24:58
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A ratiometric fluorescence probe based on a novel recognition mechanism for monitoring endogenous hypochlorite in living cells
摘要： A ratiometric fluorescence probe (named ZOC) for the fast detection of HClO/ClO- was constructed by coumarin (donor) and pyridinium (acceptor) based on Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) platform. ZOC possessed red emission signal (610 nm), large Stocks shift (190 nm), high energy transfer efficiency (95.3%), high selectivity and sensitivity, low detection limit (25 nM), wider detection range (from 25 nM to 30 μM), rapid response (within 13 S), and good biocompatibility. It was very interesting that the recognition mechanism involved a new organic reaction in which olefin double bond reacted first with HClO/ClO- regioselectively, followed by cyclization. ZOC was successfully used to the real time detection of endogenous HClO/ClO- in RAW 264.7 cells.
关键词： Hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite,Probe,Cell image,Ratiometric fluorescence,New mechanism
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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Synthesis of non-doped and non-modified carbon dots with high quantum yield and crystallinity by one-pot hydrothermal method using a single carbon source and used for ClO? detection
摘要： A facile and straightforward strategy was used to prepare carbon dots (CDs) using catechol as carbon source in one-pot hydrothermal method. The synthesis method is simple without any doping and modification and the prepared CDs do not require any post-processing. Characterizations of the obtained CDs indicated that they had high crystallinity and higher quantum yield (QY, 32%) than most non-functionalized and non-doped CDs. Noticeably, the fluorescence of CDs could be quenched with hypochlorite (ClO?) by oxidation of the residual pyrocatechol groups on the surface to o-benzoquinone exhibiting high sensitivity and selectivity for ClO? assay covered a linear range from 0.1 to 10 μM with a low detection limit of 30 nM. The results showed that the CDs provided a promising potential tool for the detection of ClO? in real water samples.
关键词： Quenching,Fluorescence,Hypochlorite,Carbon dots
更新于2025-11-19 16:46:39
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A novel NIR-emissive probe with large Stokes shift for hypochlorite detection and imaging in living cells
摘要： Due to the importance of hypochlorite (ClO-) in the process of life, a near-infrared region (NIR) emissive probe (DCPO-DMTC) with large Stokes shift was synthesized for the selective detection of hypochlorite. This probe detects exogenous and endogenous hypochlorite via "oxidative deprotection" of dimethylthiocarbamate-protected phenolic hydroxyl groups. The response was monitored by time-course UV–Vis and fluorescent spectroscopy. The emission response of the probe to ClO? presented a good linear relationship in the 0–100 μM concentration range, and the LOD of this probe was 164 nM. The probe was used to successfully visualize endogenous ClO- generation in RAW 246.7 cells under external stimulation.
关键词： NIR-emissive,Large Stokes-shift,Hypochlorite,Bioimaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Fluorescence Quenching-Based Mechanism for Determination of Hypochlorite by Coumarin-Derived Sensors
摘要： A fluorescence quenching-based mechanism for the determination of hypochlorite was proposed based on spectroscopic and chromatographic studies on the hypochlorite-sensing potency of three structurally similar and highly fluorescent coumarins. The mode of action was found to rely upon a chlorination of the coumarin-based probes resulting from their reaction with sodium hypochlorite. Importantly, the formation of chlorinated derivatives was accompanied by a linear decrease in the fluorescence intensities of the probes tested. The results obtained suggest the applicability of a coumarin-dependent hypochlorite recognition mechanism for the detection of, as well as for quantitative determination of, hypochlorite species in vitro.
关键词： fluorescence quenching,coumarin,hypochlorite sensing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Fast response fluorogenic probe for visualizing hypochlorite in living cells and Zebrafishes
摘要： A novel fast response and visible fluorogenic probe (D1) for monitoring hypochlorite (ClO?) has been developed based on specific ClO? removal of a C=N bond. The response of the probe to ClO? showed increases linearly, and the fluorescence intensity heighten about 25 times. D1 responses to ClO? were observed with high selectivity and sensitivity within 10 s by naked eyes. D1 can not only detect the level of hypochlorite in vitro such as urine, but also monitoring hypochlorite content in extremely cold condition as low as -78oC. Meanwhile, the good biocompatibility guaranteed the use of D1 to detect intracellular ClO? under confocal microscopy. Moreover, D1 has been successfully applied to monitor the exogenous and endogenous ClO? in Zebrafishes with fluorescence imaging.
关键词： Zebrafishes,live cell imaging,hypochlorite,fast response,fluorogenic probe
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Antimicrobial Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy, Diode Laser, and Sodium Hypochlorite and Their Combinations on Endodontic Pathogens
摘要： Background: Sterilization of the root canal system is of prime importance for a successful root canal therapy. Lasers and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have become the latest choice to eradicate microorganisms in the root canal. Objective(s): To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of diode laser, photodynamic therapy, and sodium hypochlorite along with their combinations on endodontic pathogens: Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans. Methods: A total of 120 uniradicular teeth were stored in 5.2% NaOCl solution to remove organic residues and the crowns were sectioned at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to obtain root canal length of 15 mm. Canals were shaped using step-back technique up to #40 K-file and were autoclaved. The selected teeth (specimen) were randomly divided into two equal groups with sixty root canals inoculated with E. faecalis (Group E) and remaining sixty teeth with S. mutans (Group S). Further, the groups were subdivided according to the disinfection technique used. Ten teeth from each subgroup were disinfected with a diode laser, photo activated disinfection (PAD), sodium hypochlorite, a combination of sodium hypochlorite and diode laser, a combination of sodium hypochlorite and PAD respectively. Ten teeth in each group served as control without any disinfection. The treated specimens were transferred to test tubes containing 5ml sterile Luria Bertani broth, incubated and the bacterial count, optical density in each root specimen was calculated and compared. The pairwise comparison of colonies across the subgroups was done by the Kruskal-Wallis test and within the subgroups was carried out using the Mann-Whitney U test. The statistical implication was tested at 5% and the study was performed using SPSS 18.0 ver. (SPSS Inc.). Results: A significant reduction (98%) in the E. faecalis count was observed when the NaOCl was used in combination with the diode laser or PAD. PAD along with 3% NaOCl presents the advantage of utilizing a lower wavelength laser beam. Hence, PAD in combination with NaOCl can be an alternative and better option for root canal disinfection for both the endodontic pathogens, E. faecalis and S. mutans.
关键词： E. faecalis,disinfectant,PDT,sodium hypochlorite,PAD,photodynamic therapy,Diode laser,S. mutans
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Double protected lanthanide fluorescence core@shell colloidal hybrid for the selective and sensitive detection of ClO-
摘要： Without any surfactant or organic solvent, a water-borne method incorporated a biphasic sol-gel process and a Pickering emulsion process was firstly applied to encapsulate lanthanide complexes. Compared with the free one, the achieved double protected lanthanide fluorescence colloidal hybrid particles with core@shells structure has a specific ClO- detection with high selectivity and sensitivity in contrast with other inorganic ions including Cu2+, Fe3+ and other strong acids. With strong oxidation characteristics, ClO- can gradually penetrate through silica shell, and quench the red fluorescence of lanthanide ions in the organosilica core. This core@shell colloidal nanoprobe exhibits an excellent sensing capacity for hypochlorite in real sample. This green environment friendly method could be easily extended to form functional hybrid particles with other types of reactive oils and nanoparticles for devising other specified fluorescent sensors.
关键词： Core@shell,Hypochlorite,Organosilica,Fluorescence,Pickering emulsion
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite on root canal system infected with Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
摘要： Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite over root canal system infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: The root canals of 45 single-rooted human extracted teeth were enlarged up to a file 60, autoclaved, inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 30 days. The samples were divided into five groups (G1 – n=5; G2-G5 – n=10) according to the protocol of decontamination: G1 (negative control) – no procedure was performed; G2 – distilled water; G3 – photodynamic therapy (PDT); G4 – 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and G5 – 2.5% NaOCl+PDT. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed treatments. The assessment was made by images of each third at 5000x magnification for the canal wall and 10000x for the exposed tubule area. The presence of bacteria was scored by position ranks from 1 to 45, where the higher the value, the cleanliness of the sample. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey test (α=0.05). Results: Group 4 (2.5% NaOCl) and 5 (2.5% NaOCl + PDT) had the highest mean of position ranks for all thirds of the root canal in the canal wall, which was statistically different from groups 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Group 3 (PDT), group 4 (2.5% NaOCl) and 5 (2.5% NaOCl+PDT) had the highest mean of position ranks in the exposed tubule area, which was statistically different from groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Conclusion: the association of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite + photodynamic therapy can be considered an effective protocol for the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis.
关键词： Photodynamic therapy,Sodium hypochlorite,Enterococcus faecalis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Colorimetric Determination of Hypochlorite Based on the Oxidative Leaching of Gold Nanorods
摘要： Hypochlorite plays a critical role in killing microorganisms in the water. However, it can also cause cardiovascular diseases, neuron degeneration, and cancer to humans. Although traditional methods feature excellent sensitivity and reliability in detecting hypochlorite, the expensive instruments and strict determination conditions have limited their application in environmental analysis to some extent. Thus, it is necessary and urgent to propose a cheap, facile, and quick analytical assay for hypochlorite. This paper proposes a colorimetric assay for hypochlorite utilizing gold nanorods (AuNRs) as the nanoreactor and color reader. The AuNRs were acquired via a reported seed-mediated method. NaClO with strong oxidation property can cause the etching of gold from the longitudinal tips of AuNRs, which could shorten the aspect ratio of AuNRs, decrease the absorption in the UV–Vis spectrum and also induce the solution color changing from red to pale yellow. Thus, according to the solution color change and the absorbance of longitudinal surface plasmon resonance of AuNRs, we established the calibration curve of NaClO within 0.08 μM to 125 μM (?Abs = 0.0547 + 0.004 CNaClO, R2 = 0.9631). Compared to traditional method, we obtained the conversion formula between the concentration of residual-chlorine in tap water and the concentration of hypochlorite detected by the proposed colorimetric assay, which is Cresidual-chlorine = 0.24 CNaClO. Finally, the real application of the colorimetric assay in tap water was successfully performed, and the accuracy of the colorimetric method can reach from ?6.78% to +8.53%.
关键词： colorimetric determination,hypochlorite,gold nanorod
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36