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Carbon quantum dot-incorporated nickel oxide for planar p-i-n type perovskite solar cells with enhanced efficiency and stability
摘要： Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted extreme interest as a promising nanocarbon platform for divergence optoelectronics due to their high stability, good dispersibility in solvents, and tunable optical and electronic properties. Herein, planar p-i-n type perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with enhanced efficiency and long-term stability were developed by incorporating CQDs into a nickel oxide (NiO) hole transport layer (HTL). The incorporation of CQDs downshifts the band structure of NiO, leading to good alignment with the work-function of the tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) electrode and the band-edges of the perovskite. The efficient cascade charge transport achieved with the optimized incorporation ratio of CQDs resulted in an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.02%, compared to that of the PSC fabricated with bare NiO (15.66%), even though they were fabricated in air. The suppressed charge recombination accompanied by restricted charge accumulation curtails the J-V hysteresis, with a reduction from 4.5% to less than 1%. Moreover, long-term stability under atmospheric conditions without any encapsulation was achieved with CQD-incorporated NiO. More than 70% of the initial PCE was retained over 190 h. This work suggests a novel strategy for fabricating solution-processible metal oxide interlayers with highly efficient charge migration for divergence energy conversion devices.
关键词： Carbon quantum dots,Nickel oxide,Hole transport layer,Stability,Perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Laser‐Ablation Produced Cobalt‐Nickel Phosphate with High‐ValenceNickel Ions as Active Catalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
摘要： Cost-effective, highly efficient and stable non-noble metal-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are very crucial on energy storage and conversion. Here, we report an amorphous cobalt-nickel phosphate (CoNiPO4) containing considerable amount of high-valence Ni3+ specie as an efficient electrocatalyst for OER in alkaline solution. The catalyst was converted from Co-doped Ni2P through pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) and exhibits a large specific surface area of 162.5 m2/g and a low overpotential of 238 mV at 10 mA/cm2 with a Tafel slope of 46 mV/dec, being much lower than those of commercial RuO2 and IrO2. Our work demonstrates that PLAL is a powerful technology for generating amorphous CoNiPO4 with high-valence Ni3+, thus paving a new way towards highly effective OER catalysts.
关键词： OER,high valence state,cobalt-nickel phosphate,Pulsed laser ablation in liquid
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on metal structures produced by laser-induced deposition from solution
摘要： The conditions for synthesis of conductive copper and nickel microstructures using laser-induced deposition technique were determined and electrocatalytic activity of these materials towards D-glucose was investigated. It was found out that formation of these conductive electrodes upon laser irradiation occurs only in solutions containing OH- coordinating ligands. Coordination via other functional groups (including carboxyl and amino) does not lead to synthesis of conductive structures. Topology and composition of copper and nickel deposits were observed using scanning electron microscopy and EDX analysis, respectively. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized structures were studied using cyclic voltamperometry and amperometry. The studied materials display linear dependencies of the Faraday current vs. concentration between 2 μM and 1.1 mM for nickel and 0.25 mM and 3 mM for copper.
关键词： Cyclic voltammetry,Nickel,Copper,Laser-induced deposition,Electrochemical sensors
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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High efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells using phenethyl ammonium iodide modified interface of NiOx and perovskite layers
摘要： The hole transport layer NiOx based inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have advantages of simple fabrication, low temperature and low cost. Furthermore, p-type NiOx material compared to typical n-type SnOX for PSCs has better photo-stability potential due to its lower photocatalysis ability. However, some typical materials modified NiOx layer show relatively simple functions which limit the synthesized performance of NiOx based inverted PSCs. The phenethyl ammonium iodide (PEAI) was introduced to modify NiOx/perovskite interface, which can synchronously contribute to better crystallinity and stability of perovskite layer, passivating interface defects, formed quasi-2D PEA2PbI4 perovskite layer and superior interface contact properties. The PCEs of PSCs with PEAI modified the interface of NiOx/perovskite layer was obviously increased from 20.31 % from 16.54 % of the reference PSCs. The PSCs with PEAI modification remained 75% and 72% of the original PCE values aging for 10 h at 85 °C and 65 days in relative humidity of 15%, which are superior to that (47% and 51%) of the original PCE values for the reference PSCs, respectively. Therefore, PSCs with PEAI modified NiOx/perovskite interface show higher PCEs and better thermal stability and moisture resistance.
关键词： Nickel Oxide,Perovskite Solar cells,quasi-2D,Stability,PEAI
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Investigating the Growth of CH <sub/>3</sub> NH <sub/>3</sub> PbI <sub/>3</sub> Thin Films on RF‐Sputtered NiO <i> <sub/>x</sub></i> for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells: Effect of CH <sub/>3</sub> NH <sub/>3</sub><sup>+</sup> Halide Additives versus CH <sub/>3</sub> NH <sub/>3</sub><sup>+</sup> Halide Vapor Annealing
摘要： Investigating the low efficiency issue of radio frequency-sputtered nickel oxide (sp-NiOx)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to a limited understanding of the correlation between perovskite growth and sp-NiOx on the optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic device performance is critical. Herein, the crystallization of methylammonium (MA) lead iodide (MAPbI3) thin film (obtained from stoichiometric precursor ratio) on sp-NiOx is shown, resulting in appearance of residual PbI2 grains. This is in contrast to perovskite growth on solution-processed NiOx. The amount of residual PbI2 is suppressed by 1) adding excess MACl/MAI additives and 2) annealing the perovskite film in MACl/MAI vapor atmosphere. Structural and morphological results reveal significant reduction in the amount of residual PbI2 and enhanced grain size for all the cases while photophysical measurements reveal mitigation of trap/defect sites (within the bulk and at the interfaces) only for MACl/MAI vapor annealing case. As a result, photovoltaic devices exhibit improved performance only for the vapor annealing case. These results elucidate the critical role of maintaining stoichiometric ratio in perovskite and its crystallization on sp-NiOx by eliminating the associated defects (influenced by sp-NiOx) in rendering improved performance, which can be insightful to further enhance the performance of PSCs.
关键词： vapor annealing,lead iodide,solar cells,nickel oxide,perovskite
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of FGH4096M Superalloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting
摘要： A self-designed nickel-based superalloy, designated as FGH4096M, was prepared by selective laser melting (SLM). Different heat treatments were performed to improve the mechanical properties of the SLM alloy through optimizing the microstructures and the features of γ′ precipitates. Compared with the as-deposited alloy, the columnar grains with dendritic structures and equiaxed structures were retained in the alloy after direct aging, but a large amount of tertiary γ′ phase precipitated, especially around the sub-grain boundaries, resulting in the highest tensile strength but the lowest elongation. During solid solution and aging treatment (SSA), the recovery and recrystallization occurring in the alloy facilitated the grains to be equiaxed with the increase of solution temperature. For lower solution temperature (below 1100 ℃), the secondary γ′ precipitates decreased with the increase of solution temperature, while the tertiary γ′ precipitates from the subsequent aging process gradually increased; for higher solution temperature over 1100 ℃, exceeding the complete dissolution temperature of the γ′ phase, only tertiary γ′ precipitates from the subsequent aging process were uniformly distributed in the alloy. After double solid solution (1170 ℃ + 1050 ℃) + aging heat treatment (DSSA), there were three sizes of γ′ precipitates in the alloy. In general, the SLM + SSA (1130 ℃) alloy obtained the best comprehensive properties, which could be related to the homogenized microstructures and the uniform and dense distribution of single sized tertiary γ′ precipitates in the alloy.
关键词： Microstructure,Nickel-based superalloy,Selective laser melting,Tensile,γ′ phase,Heat treatment
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Anodically electrodeposited NiO nanoflakes as hole selective contact in efficient air processed p-i-n perovskite solar cells
摘要： Nanostructured NiO as hole selective contact for perovskite solar cells is deposited on ITO from the potentiostatic anodic electrodeposition of NiOOH. Along with the large surface extension due to the honeycomb-like morphology, the electrodeposition route imparts different electrochemical features in respect to the classic sol-gel derived NiO, which are two interesting features for optoelectronic applications. CH3NH3PbI3 is deposited in ambient atmosphere on the NiO substrates to fabricate p-i-n perovskite solar cells, with PCBM and solution processed BCP as electron selective contact and silver as counter electrode. We found that the performances are strongly dependent on the deposition potential, with the PCE increasing when going from 1.00 V to 1.10 V vs Ag/AgCl. The best efficiency obtained is 16.1%, thanks to a fill-factor of 78%. Notably, the electrodeposited layer outperformed the sol-gel spin-coated one, proving the effectiveness of electrosynthesis to achieve competitive selective contacts for perovskite photovoltaics.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,Selective contacts,Electrodeposition,Nickel oxide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Optimizing Graphene Content in NiSe/Graphene Nanohybrid Counter Electrode on Boosting Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Nickel selenide (NiSe) nanoparticles were grown onto different mass ratios of graphene nanosheets (GN) to get their corresponding NiSe/GNx (x= 0.25 to 1.00) nanohybrids by a facile in-situ hydrothermal process to integrate the advantages of high specific surface area of graphene and homogeneously immobilized catalytic sites of NiSe. The nanohybrid having the mass ratio of 1:0.50 (i.e., NiSe/GN0.50) exhibited a higher electrocatalytic activity and electrolyte diffusion. Thus, NiSe/GN0.50 exhibited an improved photo-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12% (? = 8.62%) than the standard Pt (? = 7.68%) based dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). This improved PCE mainly originated from the catalytic ability of NiSe and the multiple interfacial electron transfer pathway of graphene, resulting in the enhanced charge transfer and fast tri-iodide reduction kinetics at the counter electrode/electrolyte interface. The results obtained from the cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical AC-impedance (EIS) and Tafel polarization studies validated the synergistic effect of NiSe and GN and the high possibility of this nanohybrid as an efficient counter electrode (CE) for DSSC.
关键词： Photovoltaic performance,Counter electrode,Graphene nanosheets,Nickel selenide,Dye-sensitized solar cell
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Combined effects of nanosecond laser-induced surface oxidation and nanostructure formation for selective colorization of nickel surfaces
摘要： Metal surfaces can be nanostructured by laser irradiation making use of different effects ranging from thin film generation to nanostructures formation. Here, the colorization of pure nickel surfaces by nanosecond laser irradiation in air is demonstrated and studied in detail. Correlations between chromaticity coordinates and laser-processing parameter show that the accumulated fluence is the dominating factor in creation of a specific colored surface. The color of the laser-irradiated surfaces shows both angle-dependent and angle-independent in reliance on the processing conditions. The examination of the laser-colored surface demonstrates that lateral and vertical organized, laser-induced structures with nano-, micro-, and mesoscopic scales can be found simultaneously which contribute to the colorization in a particular manner. A comprehensive analysis of the processes involved in the color formation at nickel was performed by examining the surfaces by SEM, reflectometry, XPS, and XRD to verify the multi-process mechanisms of color formation. The most saturated colors result from interference effects within the redeposited layers. It was found that controlling the hatching distance applying optimized laser fluence enables a wider color range and allows a very precise setting of the color. Based on the extracted laser-processing parameters, the surface coloration of arbitrary pattern with desired optical properties becomes practicable, and nanosecond laser color marking can, therefore, be expanded to potentially new applications.
关键词： colorization,nanosecond laser,nickel surfaces,surface oxidation,nanostructure formation
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Two-Step Annealing of NiO Enhances the NiO –Perovskite Interface for High-Performance Ambient-Stable p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： In this study, we applied two-step annealing to nickel oxide (NiOx) films that we then used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimized annealing process resulted in a change in the structure and chemical composition of the NiOx, leading to a change in the work function and improved conductivity for NiOx-coated ITO substrates. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that a change in the Ni2+/Ni3+ ratio of NiO (Ni 2p at 854.0 eV) and the presence of Ni3+ species induced by vacancies in Ni2O3 (Ni 2p at 855.6 eV) and NiOOH (Ni 2p at 856.7 eV) were responsible for the enhanced conductivity of the two-step-annealed NiOx films. The modified NiOx served as an efficient hole transporting layer, enhancing the PL quenching behavior at the perovskite–NiOx interface. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements provided evidence for efficient carrier extraction. These improvements led to increases in the fill factors and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of corresponding PSC devices. The champion device displayed a PCE of 19.04%—a value comparable with those of state-of-the-art NiOx-based PSCs. Furthermore, the devices possessed excellent air-stability, retaining 97% of their PCEs after storage in air for over 672 h (at 25 °C, with a humidity of 40%).
关键词： power conversion efficiency,Perovskite solar cell,nickel oxide,hysteresis
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04