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Nonrigid reconstruction of 3D breast surfaces with a low-cost RGBD camera for surgical planning and aesthetic evaluation
摘要： Accounting for 26% of all new cancer cases worldwide, breast cancer remains the most common form of cancer in women. Although early breast cancer has a favourable long-term prognosis, roughly a third of patients suffer from a suboptimal aesthetic outcome despite breast conserving cancer treatment. Clinical-quality 3D modelling of the breast surface therefore assumes an increasingly important role in advancing treatment planning, prediction and evaluation of breast cosmesis. Yet, existing 3D torso scanners are expensive and either infrastructure-heavy or subject to motion artefacts. In this paper we employ a single consumer-grade RGBD camera with an ICP-based registration approach to jointly align all points from a sequence of depth images non-rigidly. Subtle body deformation due to postural sway and respiration is successfully mitigated leading to a higher geometric accuracy through regularised locally affine transformations. We present results from 6 clinical cases where our method compares well with the gold standard and outperforms a previous approach. We show that our method produces better reconstructions qualitatively by visual assessment and quantitatively by consistently obtaining lower landmark error scores and yielding more accurate breast volume estimates.
关键词： Breast cancer treatment,Nonrigid registration,Depth camera,3D surface reconstruction,Aesthetic evaluation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Black Diatom Colloids toward Efficient Photothermal Converters for Solar-to-Steam Generation
摘要： Steam generation from solar power using converters has attracted significant research attention in recent years as an alternative form of energy conversion from solar energy. Rationally designed photothermal converters are essential to increase the efficiency of steam generation. Here we propose a novel colloidal type of photothermal converter based on a frustule skeleton, which is a naturally designed colloid containing through-pore structures. Several coating processes were used to provide broadband absorption, magnetic, and water-floating properties without deteriorating pore structures, through vapor deposition polymerization of polypyrrole, weak base treatment, and additional vapor deposition polymerization of polystyrene. The prepared colloidal photothermal converter showed superior efficiency for steam generation under sun-light irradiation.
关键词： Solar-to-steam generation,surface treatment,diatom,chemical vapor deposition,broadband absorption
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photosensitized TiO2 films on polymers – Titania-polymer interactions and visible light induced photoactivity
摘要： Photocatalytic coatings at polymers, showing a visible light induced photoactivity, can be synthesized using a low temperature oxygen plasma treatment of the polymer (PP) followed by deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles and their sensitization with organic ligands. The whole process consists of three major steps: surface activation involving its partial oxidation, immobilization of TiO2 nanoparticles and photosensitization of titania film by impregnation with the solution of organic ligands forming surface Ti(IV) charge transfer complexes. XPS and IR analysis revealed the formation of oxygen-containing groups at the polymer surface upon plasma treatment. These groups participate in the formation of Ti-O-C bonds which ensure a very good adhesion of titania films to polymeric surface. The dip-coating process using an aqueous colloidal solution of TiO2 nanoparticles allows to synthesize a compact coating with a thickness of 100-300 nm. Coordination of catechol-like ligands to surface Ti(IV) centers results in formation of colored charge transfer complexes responsible for absorption of visible light and an effective photoinduced charge separation. Photogenerated electrons and holes can take part in surface redox reactions responsible for degradation of pollutants. Tests with various organic ligands (catechol, 2,3-naphthalenediol, pyrogallol and rutin) revealed, that the titanium dioxide coating modified with catechol was the most photoactive one when visible light irradiation was applied. Presented photocatalytic coatings can be effectively used as self-sterilizing surfaces activated by visible light.
关键词： photocatalysis,XPS analysis,TiO2 coatings,photosensitization,plasma treatment
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Electric field assisted ion adsorption with nanoporous SWCNT electrodes
摘要： The permeable single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film electrodes of high electrical conductivity for filtration of ions are promising for future water treatment technology. The permeable SWCNT film electrodes were obtained by the use of the Zn/Al-based dispersant-aided SWCNT ink. The G band peak position and ID/IG value of Raman spectra do not change before and after the polarization of the SWCNT electrodes, showing the robustness of permeable SWCNT film electrodes. The analysis of N2 adsorption isotherms showed that microporosity and specific surface area of the SWCNT electrodes were larger than those of the pristine SWCNT, due to the debundling of SWCNTs and removal of the caps of SWCNT on the dispersion treatment. Application of the electric voltage above ?3 V to the SWCNT electrodes enhanced markedly the adsorption-mediated permeability of K+ ions, reaching the removability of 90%. The removability dependence of Na+ ions on the initial ion concentration showed that the SWCNT permeation electrodes filter was efficient for diluted Na+ ionic solution. The ions of smaller Stokes radius were adsorbed for the mixed ionic solution of Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+, suggesting that the inner tube space of SWCNT electrodes is important for adsorption of ions.
关键词： Permeable electrodes,Electrosorption,Electric field assistance,Ion adsorption,Water treatment,Single wall carbon nanotube
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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A novel growth strategy of TiO<sub>2</sub> anodic films using surface residual stress as driving force
摘要： The relationship between residual stress and growth behavior of anodic titanium oxide films (TiO2) was investigated in terms of defect chemistry and the nanocrystalline materials thermodynamic. The results showed that the surface residual stress can be controlled by acting on the duration of the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). When samples are processed by grinding for 30 min, the residual stress value reaches a maximum of 73.13 MPa, approximately 7.2 times higher than the one obtained with untreated sample. Under these conditions, the thickness of the anodic film was about 1200 nm, three times that of the TA2 anodic film. Furthermore, the results of electrochemical tests showed that following the surface mechanical attrition treatment, the anodic film show lower density vacancies, higher resistance to the diffusion of Cl-, higher density, and an improved corrosion resistance when compared to TA2. Generally speaking, the growth behavior of the anodic film can be improved by identifying the suitable residual stress.
关键词： Surface mechanical attrition treatment,Anodic oxidation,Corrosion resistance,Growth mechanism
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Facile assembly of g-C3N4/Ag2CO3/graphene oxide with a novel dual Z-scheme system for enhanced photocatalytic pollutant degradation
摘要： In this study, ternary catalyst g-C3N4/Ag2CO3/graphene oxide was synthesized through a simple chemical precipitation method at room temperature. The CN/AC/GO composite was employed to degrade antibiotics under visible light irradiation. And the results indicated that the composite possessed excellent photocatalytic performance, which could remove 81.6% tetracycline (TC) after 60 min of irradiation. The PL, EIS, PC and UV–vis DRS tests demonstrated that enhanced photocatalytic e?ciency could be attributed to rapid charge transfer, low recombination rate of photo-induced electron-hole pairs, as well as superior light absorption capability. Moreover, three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix ?uorescence spectra (3D EEMs) were employed to further grasp the behaviors of TC molecules in the process of degradation reaction. In addition, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was carried out to explore the intermediates during the photocatalytic reaction. Meanwhile, the in?uences of initial TC concentration, light source, supporting electrolytes and water sources were explored from the perspective of practical application. Furthermore, the appearance of a small amount of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) not only accelerated the charge transfer, but also improved the stability of catalyst. The composite also possessed high stability and reusability, which were essential in practical application.
关键词： g-C3N4,Double Z-scheme mechanism,Sewage treatment,Photocatalysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Meeting for Future of Electron Devices, Kansai (IMFEDK) - Kyoto, Japan (2018.6.21-2018.6.22)] 2018 IEEE International Meeting for Future of Electron Devices, Kansai (IMFEDK) - Dependence of Characteristics of Directly-Bonded SiC/Si Junctions on Bonding Temperature
摘要： We measure electrical characteristics and die shear strength of directly-bonded n-4H-SiC/p+-Si junction with emphasis on their dependence on the annealing condition during bonding. In the bonding process, we perform lower-temperature annealing at the first step and higher-temperature one at the second step. By increasing annealing temperature at the first step, the impurity concentration obtained by C-V measurement gets close to the impurity concentration of SiC and the bonding strength become larger. These results show that directly-bonded SiC/Si junction characteristics depend on the annealing temperature at the first (lower-temperature) step in the bonding process.
关键词： direct bonding,surface treatment,Si,SiC,annealing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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CT Imaging of Renovascular Abnormalities
摘要： Abnormalities of the renal vasculature can manifest clinically as renal ischemia, renal insufficiency, and secondary hypertension. It is crucial to inspect the renal vessels not only for intrinsic or direct causes of vascular disease, but also for the enhancement pattern of the renal parenchyma as an indirect sign for vascular compromise. Although atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is the most common renal vascular disease, fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery is the second most common and has characteristic imaging findings. Some vasculitides may affect the renal artery, and these need to be considered when there is abnormal soft tissue surrounding the artery or the kidney has a striated nephrogram. Arteriovenous abnormalities are divided into arteriovenous fistulas and arteriovenous malformations. A prominent renal artery in communication with a renal vein or a tangle of vessels associated with a prominent and early filling renal vein is very suggestive of a renal arteriovenous abnormality. Intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysms are not as common as main renal artery aneurysms, but the former can mimic a tumor, and a high index of suspicion is required to make the correct diagnosis. Many of these pathologies, in addition to renal trauma, can result in reduced perfusion or infarction of part of or all of the kidney.
关键词： Treatment of Renovascular Abnormalities,Imaging of Renovascular Abnormalities,Renovascular Abnormalities
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) - Greifswald (2018.9.23-2018.9.28)] 2018 28th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) - Improved Surface Flashover Characteristics of Ceramic Vacuum Interface by Surface Treatment
摘要： In this paper, influences of surface Cr2O3 coating treatment on ceramic vacuum interface under a long pulse-duration voltage are reported. The surface properties of the treated ceramics have been measured by SEM, LSCM and XRD methods. Compared with the original untreated ceramics, the treated ceramic has a smoother surface, a lower SEE coefficient and a lower surface resistivity. As a result, a higher surface flashover voltage has been obtained. The surface treatment is an easy and convenient method to improve surface flashover characteristics of ceramic vacuum interface under a long pulse-duration high voltage.
关键词： surface treatment,ceramic vacuum interface,surface flashover,secondary electron emission,Cr2O3 coating
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effects of Heat-Treatment on Photoluminescence Spectra and Photocatalytic Properties of Solution-Combusted ZnO Nanopowders
摘要： ZnO nanopowders were prepared by a solution combustion method (SCM). The SCM ZnO nanopowders were heat-treated at 200, 400, 500, or 700 °C for 30 min in air and the photoluminescence (PL) of the nanopowders was evaluated. Two strong PL emission peaks are generally recognized as the unique PL signature of ZnO, one is from the band-edge emission and the other corresponds to green emission. The green emission is derived from crystalline defects, and is a critical obstacle for the electrooptical applications of ZnO. Surprisingly, the PL spectra of the SCM ZnO powders showed a single sharp peak near 390 nm. Furthermore, the intensity of this blue emission doubled when the synthesized ZnO powder was heat-treated at 400 °C. The green emission appeared for the sample treated at 500 °C, and was the highest for that treated at 700 °C. To confirm the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO powder heat-treated at 400 °C, the removal of Ag ions from a used photofilm developer was evaluated, with complete removal within 10 min. The removal of the Ag ions by the ZnO powder heat-treated at 400 °C was more than two orders of magnitude faster than that achieved with the SCM ZnO powder. The relation between PL and photocatalytic activity was explained in terms of recombination of the photogenerated electrons. These results might be very useful for highly efficient photocatalyst applications.
关键词： Heat-Treatment,ZnO Nanopowder,PL Spectra,Solution Combustion Method
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29