- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
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Resonant electro-optic frequency comb
摘要： High-speed optical telecommunication is enabled by wavelength-division multiplexing, whereby hundreds of individually stabilized lasers encode information within a single-mode optical fibre. Higher bandwidths require higher total optical power, but the power sent into the fibre is limited by optical nonlinearities within the fibre, and energy consumption by the light sources starts to become a substantial cost factor. Optical frequency combs have been suggested to remedy this problem by generating numerous discrete, equidistant laser lines within a monolithic device; however, at present their stability and coherence allow them to operate only within small parameter ranges. Here we show that a broadband frequency comb realized through the electro-optic effect within a high-quality whispering-gallery-mode resonator can operate at low microwave and optical powers. Unlike the usual third-order Kerr nonlinear optical frequency combs, our combs rely on the second-order nonlinear effect, which is much more efficient. Our result uses a fixed microwave signal that is mixed with an optical-pump signal to generate a coherent frequency comb with a precisely determined carrier separation. The resonant enhancement enables us to work with microwave powers that are three orders of magnitude lower than those in commercially available devices. We emphasize the practical relevance of our results to high rates of data communication. To circumvent the limitations imposed by nonlinear effects in optical communication fibres, one has to solve two problems: to provide a compact and fully integrated, yet high-quality and coherent, frequency comb generator; and to calculate nonlinear signal propagation in real time. We report a solution to the first problem.
关键词： optical telecommunication,electro-optic effect,optical frequency combs,wavelength-division multiplexing,whispering-gallery-mode resonator
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Multi-channel silicon photonic receiver based on compact second-order microring resonators
摘要： A monolithically integrated multi-channel receiver fabricated on the Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) platform is demonstrated experimentally. This receiver is composed of an eight-channel thermally tunable microring resonator (MRR) filter as the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) demultiplexer and an array of high speed waveguide-integrated Ge-on-Si photodetectors (PDs) for light detection. Second-order MRRs were utilized in each channel to obtain steeper roll-off from passband to stopband and lower crosstalk. The receiver was fabricated by using CMOS-compatible fabrication process at IME A*STAR. With the thermal tunability, the channel spacing can be adjusted according to different channel grid. Lower than ?30 dB crosstalk and higher than 50 GHz 3-dB bandwidth was obtained for the demultiplexer with a channel spacing of 150 GHz. Proof-of-principle demonstration shows that each channel is capable of operating at a data rate of 10 Gb/s, resulting in an aggregate data rate of 80 Gb/s.
关键词： Silicon photonics,Wavelength division multiplexing,Optical receivers,Microring resonators,Optical interconnects
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET) - Chennai (2018.3.22-2018.3.24)] 2018 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET) - Performance Analysis for Mixed Line Rates (MLR) WDM/DWDM Networks Under Various Modulation Techniques
摘要： In recent years, a rapid growth of new technologies requires communication systems to support higher bit rate and longer distance. The Optical network is one of the best optimal solutions which can satisfy the demand for high data rate. The performance of current optical networks depends on the traffic demands. To minimize the traffic mixed line rate (MLR) optical network is implemented. In a transparent MLR optical network, data transmission is done over different wavelength at different line rates within the same fiber. MLR optical networks with data rate 10/40/100 Gb/s over different wavelength channels is a new networking paradigm. This paper considers various modulation techniques in order to achieve better bit error rates (BER). It also shows that modulation technique has a great role in improving the data rates and quality of transmission.
关键词： Wavelength division multiplexing/Dense wavelength division Multiplexing (WDM/DWDM),Bit error rate,Chromatic dispersion,Mixed line rates,Physical layer impairments,Amplifier spontaneous emission
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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A Versatile Silicon-Silicon Nitride Photonics Platform for Enhanced Functionalities and Applications
摘要： Silicon photonics is one of the most prominent technology platforms for integrated photonics and can support a wide variety of applications. As we move towards a mature industrial core technology, we present the integration of silicon nitride (SiN) material to extend the capabilities of our silicon photonics platform. Depending on the application being targeted, we have developed several integration strategies for the incorporation of SiN. We present these processes, as well as key components for dedicated applications. In particular, we present the use of SiN for athermal multiplexing in optical transceivers for datacom applications, the nonlinear generation of frequency combs in SiN micro-resonators for ultra-high data rate transmission, spectroscopy or metrology applications and the use of SiN to realize optical phased arrays in the 800–1000 nm wavelength range for Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) applications. These functionalities are demonstrated using a 200 mm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible pilot line, showing the versatility and scalability of the Si-SiN platform.
关键词： transceiver,silicon photonics,Kerr nonlinearity,optical phased array,Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM),multiplexing,LIDAR,silicon nitride,beam steering,frequency comb,grating coupler
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Estimation of Signal-to-Cross Talk Ratio of Stimulated-Raman-Scattering-Induced Cross Talk in Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing-Based Radio-over-Fiber Links
摘要： This paper evaluates the signal-to-cross talk ratio (SXR) of cross talk induced by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems based on wavelength-division multiplexing. The reported study has modeled the relations of SXR to modulation frequency, optical power, transmission length, and effective area of fiber for various values of the walk-off parameter. The summary of experimental reveals that SXR decreases with increases in channel input power and transmission distance and increased with increases in fiber effective area and modulation frequency. Results showed that increasing the walk-off parameter from 13.6 to 81.6 ps/km increased the SXR by almost 6 dBm. Furthermore, various fibers, including standard single-mode fiber (SMF), Corning LEAF, and Alcatel TeraLight were tested for their capacity to mitigate SRS-induced cross talk. These tests demonstrated that standard SMF suppressed SRS cross talk effectively and offered values of SXR 3 dBm and 6 dBm higher than the values exhibited by Alcatel TeraLight and Corning LEAF, respectively.
关键词： wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM),signal-to-cross talk ratio (SXR),stimulated Raman scattering (SRS),single-mode fiber (SMF),radio over fiber (RoF)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Flexible Filtering Element on SOI with Wide Bandwidth tunability and Full FSR tuning
摘要： We demonstrate a Silicon-on-Insulator flexible filtering element, relying on two serially coupled micro ring resonators equipped with three thermo-optically tuned Mach-Zehnder interferometers, acting as variable optical couplers. A single electrode configuration is adopted, enabling the low-complexity thermo-optical control of the filtering element for bandwidth and wavelength tuneability. The module's performance has been studied in detail via simulation analysis and the obtained results were verified through experimental evaluation. Wide bandwidth tunability from 9 GHz to 103 GHz is achieved with a power efficiency of 0.284 mW/GHz, while full Free Spectral Range wavelength tuning is achieved with an efficiency of 0.297 mW/GHz. Module's insertion loss lays below 3 dB.
关键词： Silicon photonics,Optical switches,Microring resonators,Bandwidth flexibility,Thermo-optic control,Wavelength division multiplexing,Optical filters
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 China International SAR Symposium (CISS) - Shanghai (2018.10.10-2018.10.12)] 2018 China International SAR Symposium (CISS) - An Automatically Steering Optical Beam-Forming Network for Phased Array Antenna Based on Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
摘要： It is proposed an automatically steering optical beam-forming network (OBFN), which is consisted of an optical fiber loop structure. The loop structure is composed by an optical switch, an optical fiber splitter, and an optical true time delay lines based on dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). The channel number of the DWDM is matched with the number of the phased array antennas (PAA). The true time delay difference between two adjacent channels is set as a basic step. And the optical wave modulated by radio frequency (RF) signal can run into the loop and suffer increased delay with increased circles. Thus the PAA is steered automatically without additional controlling and programming. The performance of this design is analyzed with its maximal circle numbers and the splitting ratio of the optical splitter in theory. The concept-proof experiments with 8 optical channels for DWDM are carried out and the simulation of the PAA radiation pattern is given.
关键词： optical switch,optical beam-forming network,optical fiber loop,optical controlled phased array radar,wavelength division multiplexing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Label Stacking Scenarios in Hybrid Wavelength and Code-Switched GMPLS Networks
摘要： Multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) is a promising solution to implement high-speed internet protocol (IP) networks by reducing the layer number. To meet the increasing demand for data traffic, optical packet switching (OPS) is integrated under IP to provide high bandwidth to end users. Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) is perfectly compatible with the routing algorithm in IP/MPLS as it supports packet-switching functions. In this paper, we investigate the label stacking scenarios in GMPLS networks. In GMPLS, label stacking is done to reduce the node complexity by appending multiple labels to a single packet. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) signals have been widely used as identifying labels. As the labels can be permutated among the wavelengths or code dimensions, the structure of a label stack can be varied. However, studies on the relationship between label stacking scenarios and network performance are limited. To investigate this issue, we propose three label stacking models: sequential code distribution; sequential wavelength distribution, and random label distribution. The simulation results show that the sequential wavelength assignment, wherein the labels are uniformly distributed among the wavelengths, exhibits the best system performance in terms of the label-error rate (LER).
关键词： label stacking,generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS),wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM),optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Suppression of four-wave mixing in a 22?×?10?Gbps dense wavelength division multiplexed system by linearly chirped fiber Bragg gratings
摘要： A scheme comprising two linearly chirped fiber Bragg gratings (LCFBGs) is proposed to suppress four-wave mixing (FWM) effects in a 22×10? Gbps dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) system employing dispersion shifted fiber with 0.2? nm channel spacing. The FWM reduction in our proposed scheme has been studied by varying the input signal power per channel from ? 2 to + 10? dBm. The parameters of LCFBGs are optimized to obtain a maximum quality factor for all 22 channels. The proposed method is effective even at high input power (10?dBm) and provides a simple, cost effective way to improve the transmission performance in DWDM system.
关键词： Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM),Dispersion,Four wave mixing (FWM),Chirped fiber Bragg gratings,Channel spacing
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Characterization of a Low-Cost, Monolithically Integrated, Tunable 10G Transmitter for Wavelength Agile PONs
摘要： Dynamically reconfigurable passive optical networks (PONs) using time-division multiplexing and dense wavelength division multiplexing will require low-cost, high-performance customer premises equipment to be economically viable. In particular, substantial cost savings can be achieved through the use of efficient re-growth free, foundry-compatible fabrication techniques. Using this strategy, this paper presents the first detailed characterization of a monolithically integrated transmitter comprised of a discretely tunable slotted Fabry–Pérot ridge waveguide laser, an absorptive modulator and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) produced using a standard off-the-shelf AlInGaAs/InP multiple quantum well epitaxial structure. This first generation device demonstrates a discrete single-mode tuning range of approximately 12 nm between 1551nm and 1563 nm with a side-mode suppression ratio ≥30 dB. Moreover, the integrated modulator section is shown to support transmission at 10 Gb/s using non-return to zero on-off keying with an extinction ratio in excess of 8 dB. Furthermore, using a time-resolved chirp measurement technique to examine dynamic deviations in the set carrier frequency, the modulator section exhibits a chirp contribution of <6 GHz using test patterns with high and low frequency content. In addition, the generation of optical bursts through the application of a gating function to the SOA section was found to shift the unmodulated carrier of a typical lasing mode by ≤8 GHz for gating periods comparable with a typical PON burst durations of 125 μs which are faster than the thermal response time of the transmitter material.
关键词： Optical communications,tunable semiconductor lasers,dense wavelength division multiplexing,passive optical networks,time division multiplexing,monolithic integration
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01