研究目的
Investigating the effects of ethylamine hydrochloride (EACl) additives on grain growth mechanisms in organic-inorganic perovskite films to enhance solar cell efficiency and stability.
研究成果
The addition of EACl promotes secondary grain growth in perovskite films, leading to larger grains with high crystallographic orientation, reduced grain boundaries, and enhanced solar cell performance and stability.
研究不足
The study focuses on the effects of EACl additives on grain growth in perovskite films under specific conditions. The generalizability to other additives or conditions is not explored.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Perovskite films were prepared using a two-step mutual penetration method with EACl additives to investigate grain growth mechanisms.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Perovskite films with varying concentrations of EACl were prepared and analyzed.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
SEM, XRD, UV-Vis absorption spectra, PL and TRPL measurements were used.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Films were annealed at different temperatures to observe grain growth.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Grain sizes were fitted with lognormal distributions, and activation energies were calculated.
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SEM
GeminiSEM 300
Zeiss
Obtaining electron microscopic images of perovskite films.
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X-ray diffractometer
D8 advance
Bruker
Taking X-ray diffraction patterns of perovskite films.
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UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrometer
UV-3101PC
Shimadzu
Taking UV-Vis absorption spectra of film specimens.
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Source measurement unit
2635B
Keithley
Measuring current–voltage (J–V) characteristics of devices.
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Quantum-efficiency measurement system
Solar Cell Scan 100
Zolix
Detecting external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of solar cells.
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AFM
Nanocute
SII NanoTechnology
Measuring surface morphologies of BHJ layers.
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Fluorescence spectrometer
Nanolog FL3-2iHR
Horiba
Measuring steady state or transient photoluminescence (PL) spectra.
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Solar simulator
Sun 2000
Abet
Providing AM 1.5G solar irradiation for device testing.
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Impedance analyzer
1260
Solartron
Evaluating AC impedance of layers.
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