研究目的
To develop a bioinspired molecular sensor for early fire detection in precombustion by utilizing a color change mechanism based on the transformation of phthalonitrile to phthalocyanine at high temperatures.
研究成果
The PMS provides a reliable and rapid early fire warning system by changing color at temperatures below the ignition point of most materials. Combined with an intelligent algorithm, it offers real-time monitoring in precombustion and postcombustion scenarios, potentially reducing fire-related losses in various environments.
研究不足
The sensor's performance may be affected by environmental factors, and the transformation temperature might not be optimal for all combustible materials. The algorithm's accuracy could be influenced by lighting conditions or camera quality.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study was inspired by plant chlorophyll metabolism and designed a precursor molecular sensor (PMS) that undergoes a chemical transformation to phthalocyanines (Pcs) at high temperatures, resulting in a color change. An intelligent image recognition algorithm was developed for real-time monitoring.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
PMS was synthesized and characterized. Experiments involved heat treatment of PMS at various temperatures (200-700°C) to observe color changes and structural transformations.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a tube furnace for heat treatment, XPS and FT-IR for structural analysis, UV-vis absorption and MCD spectra for confirmation, PY-GC-MS for pyrolysis analysis, and an IKA hot surface for simulation. Materials included phthalonitrile-based PMS and acrylic latex paint for fabricating the early warning component (EWC).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
PMS was heat-treated at different temperatures and durations. Color changes were observed, and structural analyses were performed. The EWC was tested on a hot surface at various temperatures, and response times were recorded using the image recognition algorithm.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data from XPS, FT-IR, UV-vis, MCD, and PY-GC-MS were analyzed to confirm the formation of Pcs. The image recognition algorithm analyzed color changes in real-time to trigger alarms based on normalized standard deviation thresholds.
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tube furnace
Used for heat treatment of PMS at various temperatures to observe color changes and structural transformations.
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XPS
Used for chemical structure analysis of PMS, h-PMS, and f-PMS to confirm bond changes.
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FT-IR
Used to investigate chemical structure transformations and confirm formation of phthalocyanine rings.
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UV-vis absorption spectrometer
Used to confirm the formation of phthalocyanine rings by detecting B and Q bands.
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MCD spectrometer
Used to further confirm the formation of phthalocyanine rings through magnetic circular dichroism.
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PY-GC-MS
Used for pyrolysis analysis to detect phthalocyanine fragments in heat-treated PMS.
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IKA hot surface
IKA
Used for simulating high temperature response in precombustion experiments with the EWC.
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spray gun
Used for fire treatment of PMS to observe rapid color changes and structural transformations.
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