研究目的
To investigate the relationship of HDL subclasses and coronary plaque stability assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
研究成果
The small HDL subclass is independently associated with coronary plaque vulnerability in nonculprit lesions of patients with coronary artery disease, suggesting its protective role. It may serve as a therapeutic target for reducing cardiovascular risk, but further prospective multi-center studies are needed for verification.
研究不足
This is a cross-sectional retrospective study with a limited number of patients, most with acute coronary syndrome, leading to potential selection bias. The penetration depth of OCT limited assessment of lipid-rich plaque burdens. Both frequency-domain and time-domain OCT systems were used, which may affect image quality. Statin treatment on admission could influence lipid profiles. The sample size is small and from a single center. Dynamic changes in HDL subclasses were not assessed.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A cross-sectional retrospective study design was used. HDL subclass profiles were analyzed using nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and plaque characteristics were assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT).
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Consecutive patients with coronary artery disease who underwent successful OCT examination of nontarget lesions after percutaneous coronary intervention were retrospectively included. Exclusion criteria included chronic total occlusion, left main disease, extremely tortuous or calcified lesions, cardiogenic shock or congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, and serious liver dysfunction. 85 patients with 160 nontarget lesions were analyzed.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included OCT systems (C7XR system and M2/M3 Imaging System), Lipoprint System for HDL analysis, and Cardiovascular Angiography Analysis System. Materials included blood collection tubes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and HDL subfractions kit.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Fasting blood samples were collected before angiography, plasma was centrifuged and stored, HDL subclass analysis was performed, coronary angiography and OCT imaging were conducted, and image analysis was done by blinded observers.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics version 22. Normality was assessed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Continuous variables were compared with t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, categorical variables with chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Spearman correlation and logistic regression were used for associations and predictions.
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