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[ASME ASME 2018 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems - San Francisco, California, USA (Monday 27 August 2018)] ASME 2018 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems - Next Gen Test-Vehicle to Simulate Thermal Load for IoT FPGA Applications
摘要： As semiconductor device feature size scales and circuit performance increases, power dissipation and thermal management are becoming very important. Attention to thermal considerations is required throughout the chip development cycle from preliminary architecture planning to deployment on customer board and beyond. This paper describes a versatile thermal test vehicle that can be used to address these requirements. We discuss the architecture and implementation of a specially designed test-vehicle chip, followed by its operation. The programmability and flexibility of this vehicle will be highlighted. In addition, we cover other usage of this vehicle which includes modelling of chip-level thermal behavior with different floorplan, simulating thermal loads in IoT FPGA applications, cross-calibrating thermal numerical simulators with measured silicon data and evaluating the thermal impact of different package form-factor / material (such as thermal interface material) and cooling solutions. The abovementioned chip was fabricated using 0.18um technology and assembled in a flip-chip package. The reminder of this evaluation system is a simple, inexpensive tester from which a software is run to program the chip and to measure the spatial & temporal temperature values. Measured thermal data from different use cases are presented in this paper.
关键词： on-chip temperature measurement,thermal management,package development,package-level thermal evaluation,on-die heating,IoT servers,on-die temperature sensing,characterization methodology,thermal evaluation tool
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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[IEEE 2017 International Conference on Transforming Engineering Education (ICTEE) - Pune, India (2017.12.13-2017.12.16)] 2017 International Conference on Transforming Engineering Education (ICTEE) - A Performance Analysis of “Light Fidelity” and “Internet of Things” & It's Application
摘要： In today's world, various diseases are increasing, with this a doctor's ability to treat such large number of people deteriorates and also the task to monitor them regularly is painstaking. However we can overcome this problem to a certain extend with the help of newly emerged technology of LIFI and IOT. LIFI or Light Fidelity invented by Prof. Harald Hass of University of Edinburgh and IOT proposed by Kevin Ashton, provide us with one such technology using which a doctor can keep record of his/her patient from anywhere across the world. Since doctor has to stay updated with his patient's condition, we need a noninterfering connectivity which is possible by LIFI and this huge data of patient can be recorded and stored using cloud computing IOT. Once the doctor receives the data, he can analyze them and provide appropriate feedback to the person (nurse) who is currently operating the patient.
关键词： Internet of Things (IOT),Light Fidelity (LIFI)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[ACM Press the 4th ACM Workshop - Snowbird, Utah, USA (2017.10.16-2017.10.16)] Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Visible Light Communication Systems - VLCS '17 - SeedLight
摘要： With the increasing consumer demand for smart objects, LED-to-Camera communication appears as a low-cost alternative to radio to make any conventional device smart. Since LEDs are already on most electronics devices, that is achieved at the cost of negligible hardware modifications. However, as these LEDs are very different from the widely studied ceiling ones, several challenges need to be addressed to make this happen. Among these issues, we note the constrained physical layer data unit (PHY-SDU) length that complicates the use of coding strategies to cope with bits or packets erasure. To break this limitation, this paper presents SeedLight, a coding scheme designed to face the inherent packet losses and enhance line-of-sight LED-to-Camera communication goodput. SeedLight leverages random linear coding to provide an efficient redundancy mechanism that works even on PHY-SDU of tens of bits. The key idea of SeedLight is to reduce the code overhead by replacing the usual coding coefficients by a seed. Since this work addresses IoT devices with low computational resources, SeedLight encoding algorithm complexity remains low. We develop an implementation of SeedLight on a low-cost MCU and a smartphone to evaluate both the communication and algorithmic performances. Experimental results show that SeedLight introduces a negligible overhead and can be implemented even on the cheapest MCU, such as the ones used in many IoT devices. The achievable goodput can be up to 2.5kbps, while the gain compared to a trivial retransmissions scheme is up to 100%.
关键词： VLC,Random Linear Coding,IoT,LED-to-camera
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC) - Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (2018.10.18-2018.10.20)] 2018 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC) - Compact Diversity Multi-band Antennas Using for Low Power Communication Standards
摘要： In this paper, two PIFA multi-band antennas are presented. They are placed at two opposite sides of FR4 PCB. First antenna operates at the frequencies of 0.868 MHz, 1.57 GHz and 2.4 GHz, meanwhile another has the resonant frequencies of 1.57 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The obtained bandwidths cover BLE, GPS and LoRa that are the low power wireless communication standard. Thanks to these specifications, the proposed antenna can be used for the small tracking devices. With the dimension of 0.04λ x 0.07λ (λ is the wavelength at frequency of 0.868 MHz), the antennas provide the radiation efficiency higher than -5 dB for using in LoRa, GPS and BLE. The proposed antennas are simulated and optimized by using HFSS software.
关键词： tracker,LoRa,IoT,multi-band antenna,BLE,GPS
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Breaking the Stagnant Spell: How Blockchain is Disrupting the Solar Energy Industry
摘要： The energy sector has experienced insignificant growth over the past few decades, despite the global shift towards renewable resources. As Blockchain technology and the IoT begin to disrupt multiple industries, utilities and individuals are both presented with the opportunity to capitalize on the fastest‐growing energy source. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the current pain points facing the solar power sector and discuss existing blockchain‐based solutions to mitigate said issues.
关键词： Disrupt,IoT,Blockchain,Renewable Energy,Solar Grid,PV
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC) - Sydney, Australia (2018.11.21-2018.11.23)] 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC) - CamThings: IoT Camera with Energy-Efficient Communication by Edge Computing based on Deep Learning
摘要： In recent years, the demand for IoT cameras has increased due to the high demand for image data. However, the image sensor is unsuitable as an energy-constrained edge device for IoT due to its high-power consumption. Therefore, periodic on–off scheduling of IoT cameras is a promising approach since video recording using image sensors is energy-intensive. Due to the constrained computing performance of edge devices, IoT is still based on cloud computing with energy leaks by transmitting all the data of edge devices to cloud. In this paper, we proposed energy-efficient communication via edge computing based on deep learning, which reduces power consumption by transmitting only images of interest classified using edge computing. We also designed and implemented CamThings, which is an energy-efficient IoT camera with periodic on–off scheduling and the proposed energy-efficient communication. To analyze and evaluate the efficiency of the proposed communication scheme, we implemented a power consumption model for CamThings. In an environment with a low interest ratio, the proposed CamThings is superior to the baseline method with only periodic on–off scheduling in terms of power consumption and lifetime. When the scheduling period T is 5s and the interest ratio is 0.1, the proposed method consumed 41% less power than the baseline method. As a result, CamThings has a lifetime of more than one month.
关键词： Wireless Communication,Energy Efficiency,Edge Computing,IoT Camera,Deep Learning
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Low-cost, Inkjet-printed UHF RFID Tag based System for Internet of Things Applications using Characteristic Modes
摘要： The radio frequency identification (RFID) has emerged Internet of things (IoT) into the identification of things. This paper presents, a low-cost smart refrigerator system for future internet of things applications. The proposed smart refrigerator is used for automatic billing and restoring of beverage metallic cans. The metallic cans can be restored by generating a product shortage alert message to a nearby retailer. To design a low-cost and low-profile tag antenna for metallic items is very challenging, especially when mass production is required for item-level tagging. Therefore, a novel ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna is designed for metallic cans by exploiting the metallic structure as the main radiator. Applying Characteristics mode analysis (CMA), we observed that some characteristic modes associated with the metallic structure could be exploited to radiate more effectively by placing a suitable inductive load. Moreover, a low cost, printed (using conductive ink) small loop integrated with meandered dipole used as an inductive load, which was also connected with RFID chip. The 3-dB bandwidth of the proposed tag covers the whole UHF band ranging from 860 - 960 MHz when embedded with metal cans. The measured read range of the RFID tag is more than 2.5 meters in all directions to check the robustness of the proposed solution. To prove the concept, a case study was performed by placing the tagged metallic cans inside a refrigerator for automatic billing, 97.5 % tags are read and billed successfully. This study paves the way for tagging metallic bodies for tracking applications in domains ranging from consumer devices to infotainment solutions, which enlightens a vital aspect for the Internet of Things (IoT).
关键词： Characteristic mode theory (CMT),smart refrigerator,radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna,Internet of Things (IoT)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things and Intelligence System (IOTAIS) - BALI, Indonesia (2018.11.1-2018.11.3)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things and Intelligence System (IOTAIS) - Optical Internet of Things within 5G: Applications and Challenges
摘要： The fifth generation (5G) telecommunications standards are being developed to meet the growing demands for high-speed wireless networks (i.e., few tens of Gigabits per second). The 5G standard stems largely from an increasing number of users and plethora of different devices, collectively referred to as smart devices, connecting to a network as part of Internet-of-Things (IoT). A few potential technologies have emerged for 5G such as millimeter waves, massive multiple-input multiple-output, and small cell communications. Although these technologies would satisfy the requirements of 5G, there is a complementary alternative wireless technology of optical wireless communications (OWC), which is being considered. As part of OWC, visible light communications (VLC) and optical camera communications (OCC) are the most attractive options for 5G networks and beyond. VLC with huge frequency spectrum integrated with IoT can open up a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications as part of future smart environments. This paper provides an overview of the all-optical IoT (OIoT) focusing on VLC and OCC based potential applications and challenges as part of 5G standards.
关键词： light emitting diodes (LEDs),visible light communications (VLC),Internet of things (IoT),Optical wireless communications (OWC),optical camera communications (OCC)
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Light and pressure sensors based on PVDF with sprayed and transparent electrodes for self-powered wireless sensor nodes
摘要： In this work, we report on the fabrication of light and pressure sensors based on the piezo-and pyro material polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). In addition to the operation as sensors, the presented devices are characterized as energy harvesters. To form an electrical connection to the 39 μm thick PVDF foil, solution-based and transparent electrode (TE) materials such as silver nanowires (AgNWs) and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) are utilized and compared with commercial aluminum electrodes on polymer substrate. We show that the performance with regard to sensitivity and generated output power of the TE-PVDF devices outperforms the one for the aluminum foil devices. For the piezo- and pyroelectric effect, a pressure and light sensitivity of 3.6 mV/Pa and 42 V cm2/W, respectively, are measured. The maximum RMS power for the piezo- and pyro effect yield to 1 μW and 0.42 μW, respectively, for an active PVDF area of 8 cm2. At the end of this contribution, we show that this power suffices to drive an energy autarkic wireless sensor node (WSN) that is capable of measuring and transmitting an analog sensor signal using ultra-low power components. This application contributes substantially to the notion of the internet of things (IoT) since paramount aspects such as wireless technology, embedded electronics, and environmental sensor data together with an ultra-low power management are addressed.
关键词： wireless sensor nodes,PEDOT:PSS,WSN,Internet of Things,IoT,spray deposition,energy harvesting,silver nanowires,transparent electrodes
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Information , Communication, Engineering and Technology (ICICET) - Pune, India (2018.8.29-2018.8.31)] 2018 International Conference on Information , Communication, Engineering and Technology (ICICET) - GRID TIE Solar Power Plant Data Acquisition System using Internet of Things
摘要： Use of solar PV cells to harness electricity has been more developed in recent years. Researchers are more focusing on to extract more power from available area. But more consideration should be given to the energy loss during power extraction. Because the energy loss means the wastage of available power .The one of the solutions to save energy loss is the power plant monitoring. This paper describes the design of remote data acquisition system for solar plant using internet of things. The solar power plant monitoring will provide the real time data for net power, net/total energy and irradiance. This data will be helpful to take decision to schedule operation & maintenance activities & preventive maintenance.
关键词： IoT based data acquisition system,Grid tie solar PV system,IoT,Losses in Solar PV plant,Raspberry Pi
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01