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Optical properties of selenium sulfide thin film produced via chemical dropping method
摘要： This paper describes the production of selenium sulfide (SeS2) crystalline thin film on commercial glass substrates, via chemical bath deposition. Transmittance, absorption, dielectric constant and refractive index of the produced films were investigated by UV/VIS Spectrum. It was found that changes occurred on the characteristics of the films and they were determined as a function of selenium sulfide concentration, which varied between 2 × 10?3 and 5 × 10?3 M. The structure of the film was analyzed using FTIR spectrum. The calculated refractive index values fell between 1.5 and 1.6, whereas the transmission ratio of the films was around 80–90%. Moreover, a peak in the reflectance was observed at 320–330 nm for all investigated samples. The highest dielectric constant for the films was obtained at the deposition concentration of 0.005 M. This study is believed to be useful for thin film production.
关键词： Selenium sulfide,Thin film,Chemical dropping,Organic thin film,SeS2 thin films
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Cross-Section Analysis of the Composition of Sprayed Cu <sub/>2</sub> ZnSnS <sub/>4</sub> Thin Films by XPS, EDS, and Multi-Wavelength Raman Spectroscopy
摘要： A detailed cross-section analysis of the chemical composition of sprayed Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films is presented. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy (with near-IR, visible, and UV-lasers) are used to demonstrate that while CZTS effectively forms within the bulk of the film, there is some degree of element segregation, formation of undesirable secondary phases, and the presence of a disordered kesterite structure across the film. Different penetration depths of the excitation signals correspond to the many different surface sensitive techniques employed in this work. XPS results reveal that the surface of Cu4ZnSnS4 (CZTS) films presents a high concentration of tin and zinc and a low sulfur concentration, while being highly depleted in copper. EDS, XRD, and infrared Raman spectroscopy confirm that the composition of as-sprayed and sulfurized films is close to stoichiometric Cu2ZnSnS4. Resonant UV-Raman spectroscopy helps to identify secondary phases located at the external surface of sprayed and sulfurized CZTS films (mainly ZnS, ZnO), while VIS-Raman spectroscopy helps to identify a disordered kesterite structure close to the surface. Secondary phases need to be chemically etched when aiming at incorporating kesterite films obtained by spray pyrolysis into photovoltaic devices.
关键词： multi-wavelength Raman spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,spray pyrolysis,thin films,kesterite
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Launching low-energy surface plasmons in purple gold (AuAl2)
摘要： We confirm that the unusual purple color of the intermetallic compound AuAl2 is of a plasmonic origin by launching surface plasmons (SPs) in thin AuAl2 films. We measure the SP dispersion relation and also use the films to measure the index of refraction of sucrose solutions using standard SP resonance sensing. We find that the SP energy in planar AuAl2 is approximately 2.1 eV, about 0.4 eV lower than in gold, and the material is highly resistant to oxidation. This is close to what is expected from previously reported measurements of the dielectric function of AuAl2. On this basis, we predict that AuAl2 nanoparticles will a have very strong, spectrally nearly uniform light absorbance about an order of magnitude greater than standard carbon black. Such particles may therefore find applications as obscurants or as an alternative to more complex light-absorbing gold structures in areas such as photothermal therapy or solar steam generation, or in plasmonic catalysis.
关键词： Nanoparticles,Surface plasmons,Purple gold,Thin films,Light absorber
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials) - Espoo, Finland (2018.8.27-2018.9.1)] 2018 12th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials) - Optical Switching Cell Based On Metamaterials And Ferrite Films
摘要： A principally new switching cell with four inputs and four outputs based on metamaterial and optically transparent ferrite films for processing a large amount of information is proposed in this work. The cell uses the spatial diversity of the information beams under action of the control magnetic field. The principle of the cell's operation is described; calculations of the spatial deviation of the beam and the reflection coefficients of the structure are carried out.
关键词： control magnetic field,optical switching cell,ferrite films,metamaterials,spatial diversity
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A hierarchical sandwich-structured MoS2/SnO2/CC heterostructure for high photocatalysis performance
摘要： A sandwich-structured MoS2/SnO2/Carbon cloth (MoS2/SnO2/CC) photocatalyst was successfully synthesized through simple two-step hydrothermal method. The MoS2/SnO2/CC composite exhibited an excellent photocatalysis performance for degradation of RhB dye under visible light. A hierarchical double-layer heterostructure is formed via introducing carbon cloth substrates, which not only enhances the photocatalysis activity by accelerating electrons transfer rate and further intensifying electron-hole separation, but also is convenient for recycle. The specific photocatalysis, optical properties and photo-generated electron-hole transmission mechanism are discussed in detail. The improved photocatalysis performance of the MoS2/SnO2/CC suggests the possibilities of developing the multi-layer heterostructure for further photocatalysis applications.
关键词： MoS2/SnO2/CC,Double-layer heterostructure,Thin films,Nanocomposites,Carbon cloth,Photocatalysis
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Optical and photoelectrochemical properties of Cu2SrSnS4 thin film fabricated by a facial ball-milling method
摘要： Earth-abundant and non-toxicity quaternary chalcogenide Cu2SrSnS4 is prepared by a facial ball-milling method. Its formation is revealed to be from the reaction between Cu2SnS3 and SrS at 600 oC. The bandgap of the prepared Cu2SrSnS4 film is speculated around 1.78 eV according to absorption test. The carrier lifetime of the prepared Cu2SrSnS4 film is about 2.06 ns. The photocurrent density of the Cu2SrSnS4 film is about 150 at -670 mV bias vs Ag/AgCl electrode and it repeats after 10 cycles of 1000 s. Its notable generation of photocurrent and photoelectrochemical stability indicates its potential for photoelectric conversion application.
关键词： Ball-milling,Thin films,Solar cell,Cu2SrSnS4,Optical,Solar energy materials
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Sol-gel synthesis of Ag-loaded TiO2-ZnO thin films with enhanced photocatalytic activity
摘要： Ag-loaded TiO2-ZnO thin films, with low ZnO content, were synthesized by a one-step sol-gel process. The Ag content varied in the interval 0-4 mol% Ag. The films were deposited on glass substrates and post-annealed at 500 °C to induce crystallinity. By using the Tauc model, it was determined that the higher the Ag concentration the higher the optical band-gap energy of the films, a result attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect. Images obtained by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy depicted aggregated particles with grain size close to 20 to 25 nm for the oxides with no Ag, whereas the particle size decreased with the addition of Ag. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicated the formation of the Ti4+ and Zn2+ oxidation states, while Ag was found in the metallic state. A depth profile analysis, performed by secondary ion mass spectrometry, confirmed the presence of Ti, Zn, and Ag in the films. X-ray diffraction patterns displayed the anatase phase of TiO2. For (TiO2)0.95-(ZnO)0.05 thin films, a BET analysis showed that the specific surface area increased from 4.56 up to 48.84 m2/g as a consequence of Ag doping. The photocatalytic degradation of the materials under UV irradiation was assessed by using methylene blue as a model pollutant. For (TiO2)1-x-(ZnO)x compounds with no Ag, the highest response corresponded to x = 0.05. In addition, the optimum photodegradation was found for (TiO2)0.95-(ZnO)0.05 thin films with 2 mol% Ag.
关键词： Optical spectroscopy,Catalysis,X-ray diffraction,Sol-gel process,Thin films,Oxide materials
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Evaluation of sensitivity of Ge9As9Se82 and Ge16As24Se60 thin films to irradiation with electron beam
摘要： The interaction of Ge9As9Se82 and Ge16As24Se60 amorphous chalcogenide thin films with electron beam has been investigated. The kinetics of surface relief formation was determined for both film compositions. It was established that for identical electron beam irradiation parameters, the kinetics of relief formation can be correlated with charge accumulation rate, its final value inside films and charge diffusion away from the electron interaction region. Charge model has been used to explain various phenomena during electron beam interaction with studied systems and parameters of this model are determined. Application of studied systems in single stage electron beam lithography is also presented.
关键词： Surface potential,Electron beam irradiation,Chalcogenide thin films,Ge-As-Se
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Selective brookite polymorph formation related to the amorphous precursor state in TiO2 thin films
摘要： A wide variety of brookite TiO2 synthesis methods have been published over the past several decades, but few studies discuss the underlying mechanism that stabilizes brookite over its stable counterparts, rutile and anatase. Here, we investigate of the effect of pulsed laser deposition parameters on the as-deposited amorphous precursor titania thin films, which subsequently crystallize into stable and metastable TiO2 polymorphs upon annealing. We find that oxygen pressure in the deposition chamber strongly influences the non-equilibrium state of the amorphous precursor, which ultimately allows for selective polymorph formation. Rutile forms as the dominant phase at low pO2 < 0.1 mTorr, while anatase is favored at high pO2 > 5 mTorr. Brookite forms primarily at intermediate pO2 (0.5–1.0 mTorr). Controlling the amorphous structure (i.e. Ti—O bonding and polyhedral arrangement) of the precursors via oxygen deficiency is therefore likely for the selective formation of crystalline TiO2 polymorphs from sub-stoichiometric amorphous precursors. Directing phase selectivity by manipulating the structure and internal energy of the precursor amorphous state may have tremendous potential for synthesis of metastable crystalline phases that exhibit more desirable properties in comparison to their stable counterparts.
关键词： Amorphous precursors,Selective crystallization,Polymorphs,Oxygen deficiency,Thin films,TiO2
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Amorphous InZnO:Li/ZnSnO:Li dual-active-layer thin film transistors
摘要： Amorphous Li-doped InZnO and ZnSnO (IZO:Li/ZTO:Li) dual-active-layer thin film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated by radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The transmittance of the dual-stacked IZO:Li/ZTO:Li thin film was over 85% in the visible range. X-ray diffraction (XRD) result indicated that the thin film was amorphous. The influence of ZTO:Li layer thickness on the electrical characteristics and bias-stress stability of the dual-active-layer TFT was investigated. With the increasing thickness of ZTO:Li thin film, the saturation mobility (μSAT) increased firstly and then decreased, while the threshold voltage (VTH) shifted to the positive direction. The TFT with the optimized ZTO:Li thickness showed a superior performance with a μSAT of 33.2 cm2/V·s, a VTH of 3.2 V, a sub-threshold swing (SS) of 0.6 V/decade and a current on/off (ION/IOFF) up to 3.2 × 108.
关键词： B. Sputtering,A. Semiconductors,D. Electrical properties,A. Thin films,A. Amorphous materials
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36