- 标题
- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Late-stage Customization in Volume Production of Organic Photovoltaics
摘要： Organic photovoltaics (OPV) in free-form shapes have become a unique feature compared to other thin-film photovoltaic technologies. The ability to conform coated layers to any form of shape or structure is a game changer for OPV and creates a paradigm shift in conventional energy businesses. As urban growth prevails, the energy requirement must be compensated by modern means and OPVs provide unique properties where its form or shape can be fully customized. This creates a synergy as they are then easily integrated onto structures or even products. By doing so not only the space requirements are diminished but the energy is delivered directly to the point of use rather than having them transported from central harvesting. The present communication discusses the advances in realizing such free-from patterns by structuring the functional layers to shape after they have been deposited which is referred to as late-stage customization. Using this approach, a pre-coated generic OPV material can be converted into any design upon customer request. The advantages include easier planning, shorter lead times in production as well as paving the way towards lean manufacturing.
关键词： renewable energies,mass production,organic photovoltaics (OPV),laser scribing,slot-die coating,module customization,roll-to-roll fabrication,dielectric material
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Roll-to-Roll Slot-Die Coated P-I-N Perovskite Solar Cells Using Acetonitrile Based Single Step Perovskite Solvent System
摘要： Roll-to-roll coating of all active layers is demonstrated for a P-I-N perovskite solar cell stack, using a single step perovskite ink with an acetonitrile solvent system and flexible plastic substrate. A slot-die coating roll-to-roll process (with a common coating speed for all layers) is developed by using appropriate length meniscus guides as part of the coating head for each ink rheology. High performance devices are demonstrated with four roll-to-roll slot-die coated layers and evaporated top electrode. The drying conditions of the perovskite layer are optimized and found to be critical to achieving good performance. Multi solvent blend systems for the electron collection layer are developed that are more industrially compatible than the commonly used chlorobenzene solvent system and make use of a gradient of solvent volatilities to give both good macro film formation and rapid drying. A stabilised power conversion efficiency of 12.2% is demonstrated, that is the highest reported to date for devices with all layers other than the top electrode deposited roll-to-roll. This work demonstrates the feasibility of a roll-to-roll fabrication process for perovskite solar cells that could be transferred to a fully inline roll-to-roll process with all coating and drying stages made sequentially on one line running at a common coating speed and further demonstrates the potential to produce high efficiency photovoltaics using roll-to-roll fabrication methods.
关键词： Stabilised power conversion efficiency,Perovskite solar cells,Slot-die coating,Roll-to-roll,Acetonitrile solvent system
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Effect of Solvent Additives on the Morphology and Device Performance of Printed Non-fullerene Acceptor Based Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Printing of active layers of high-efficiency organic solar cells and morphology control by processing with varying solvent additive concentrations are important to realize real-world use of bulk-heterojunction photovoltaics as it enables both, up-scaling and optimization of the device performance. In this work, active layers of the conjugated polymer with benzodithiophene units PBDB-T-SF and the non-fullerene small molecule acceptor IT-4F are printed using meniscus guided slot-die coating. 1,8-diiodoctane (DIO) is added to optimize the power conversion efficiency (PCE). The effect on the inner nano-structure and surface morphology of the material is studied for different solvent additive concentrations with grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Optical properties are studied with photoluminescence (PL), UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements and correlated to the corresponding PCEs. The addition of 0.25 vol% DIO enhances the average PCE from 3.5 to 7.9 % whereas at higher concentrations the positive effect is less pronounced. A solar cell performance of 8.95 % is obtained for the best printed device processed with an optimum solvent additive concentration. Thus, with the large-scale preparation method printing similarly well working solar cells can be realized as with the spin-coating method.
关键词： slot-die coating,solvent additives,small molecule acceptor,high-efficiency organic solar cells,printed organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Design of novel thiazolothiazole-containing conjugated polymers for organic solar cells and modules
摘要： One of the major challenges in the field of organic photovoltaics is associated with high-throughput manufacturing of efficient and stable organic solar cells. Practical realization of technologies for production of large-area organic solar cells requires the development of novel materials with a defined combination of properties ensuring sufficient reliability and scalability of the process in addition to good efficiency and operation stability of the devices. In this work, we designed two novel polymers comprising thiazolothiazole units and investigated their performance as absorber materials for organic solar cells and modules. Optimized small-area solar cells based on P1/[70]PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester) blends exhibited promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.5%, while larger area modules fabricated using slot die coating showed encouraging PCE of 4.2%. Additionally, the fabricated devices showed promising outdoor stability maintaining 60–70% of the initial efficiency after 20 sun days being exposed to natural sunlight at the Negev desert. The obtained results feature the designed polymer P1 as a promising absorber material for a large-scale production of organic solar cells under ambient conditions.
关键词： Thiazolothiazole,Conjugated polymers,Photovoltaic modules,Organic solar cells,Slot-die coating
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Processing Friendly Slot-die Cast Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells with Optimized Morphology
摘要： The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of spin-coated organic solar cells (OSCs) have increased rapidly in recent years. However, spin-coating shows poor reproducibility for large-scale production. Slot-die coating, a lab-scale version of roll-to-roll fabrication, has been considered as the most suitable technique for the production of future large-area commercial devices. For this, highly efficient slot-die fabricated devices are required to approach the performance of spin cast OSCs. We present here, a non-fullerene OSC device utilizing PBDB-T:i-IEICO-4F blend, fabricated by slot-die coating without post treatment in the ambient conditions. Device showed an impressive PCE of 12.5%, which is one of the highest reported performance for slot-die coated OSC devices. Compared to spin-coated and blade-coated films with optimized thermal annealing time, the films fabricated by slot-die coating (without any treatment) exhibit not only the highest degree of crystallinity and face-on orientation, but also the smallest domain size and the purest phase, towards enhanced and balanced carrier mobilities. An enhanced excited state charge generation has been attributed from transient charge kinetics using ultrafast spectroscopic signatures. Optimized slot-die coated devices exhibit excellent tolerance for increased thickness of photoactive layer, attributing to favorable molecular packing. We used slot-die coating as one simple fabrication technique, being capable of yielding highly efficient OSCs.
关键词： processing friendly,high efficiency,slot-die coating,organic solar cells,thick film
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Rapid Fabrication of Thin Films for Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Rapid development of the thin film perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has resulted in research and development of these photovoltaic (PV) devices for automated manufacturing. Successful commercialization of PSC modules requires high throughput manufacturing with respect to the application of cheap materials and rapid cost-effective processing techniques. In this paper, several results pertinent to rapid roll-to-roll printing of the absorber and charge carrier transport thin films are presented. The successful fabrication of the processed thin films resulted in devices with 8.30% efficiency. Characterization was conducted through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy which, in turn, delineated the susceptibility of our custom-made setup for successful up-scale manufacturing of PSCs.
关键词： spray coating,slot-die coating,rapid fabrication,intense pulsed light,Perovskite solar cells,thin films,roll-to-roll printing
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Recent progress towards roll-to-roll manufacturing of perovskite solar cells using slot-die processing
摘要： The power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has recently reached 24.2% [1], the threshold for serious commercial interest, triggering an intense search for prospective large-scale production methods that will enable a swift transition from the laboratory to industrial-scale manufacture. Several industrially-compatible scalable methods have been deployed to fabricate PSCs, but the efficiencies of devices prepared using these methods remain inferior to devices prepared in the laboratory using spin coating, a technique that is unsuitable for large-scale manufacturing. A key challenge for the successful commercialization of PSCs is the production of highly uniform, pinhole-free films over a sufficiently large area while also controlling the crystallization processes is attractive for large-scale, low-cost manufacturing of PSCs, particularly on flexible substrates. In this review, we summarize recent advances in low-temperature S2S and R2R slot-die coating processes for PSCs, outline the key processing parameters controlling PSC fabrication and their impact on device performance, and describe current challenges and future prospects.
关键词： Perovskite solar cells,roll-to-roll process,slot-die coating,large-scale perovskite,scalable fabrication
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Interlayer Engineering of Flexible and Large-Area Red Organic-Light-Emitting Diodes Based on an N-Annulated Perylene Diimide Dimer
摘要： Flexible red OLEDs based on a quadruple-layer stack, in between electrodes, with 160 mm2 active area were fabricated in ambient air on PET via slot-die-coating. For the OLED structure PET/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/PFO:tPDI2N-EH/ZnO/Ag, the ink formulations and coating parameters for each layer were systematically evaluated and optimized. The air-stable red-light-emitting material tPDI2N-EH was successfully utilized as blended homogeneous film with PFO for the emitting layer. The use of an organic hole-transport layer (PVK) and inorganic electron injection layer (ZnO) significantly improved the brightness of the reference device from 4 to 303 cd/m2. Surface analysis using AFM measurements showed that the PVK interlayer reduced the surface roughness of the hole injection layer (PEDOT:PSS) from 0.45 to 0.17 nm, which improved the ability to form uniform emitting layers on top. In addition, the ZnO interlayer decreased surface roughness from 1.26 to 0.85 nm and reduced the turn-on voltage of the device from 5.0 to 2.8 V.
关键词： perylene diimide,slot-die-coating,solution-processed,flexible substrate,large-area,OLED
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Slot-die processing and encapsulation of non-fullerene based ITO-free organic solar cells and modules
摘要： Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices have shown remarkable performance progress in recent years, reaching current record power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of 16.4% for single junction and 17.3% for multi junction devices, owing mostly to the impressive developments made within synthesis of new non-fullerene acceptors. This progress places organic solar cells at the forefront of thin-film photovoltaic technology. However, in order to meet industrial demands and reach high performance values in industrial settings, further research and development efforts within Roll-to-Roll (R2R) and Sheet-to-Sheet (S2S) processing of OPV devices under ambient conditions are required. Furthermore, OPV modules being manufactured through such up-scaled processing techniques should ideally be developed from low cost materials, and show good stability towards various different operational stress conditions. In this work, we demonstrate combined R2R and S2S development of ITO-free OPV devices, which are based on the non-fullerene material system PBDB-T:ITIC. The devices are processed from R2R vacuum sputtering and S2S slot-die coating at ambient conditions, and reach cell PCE values of 5.5%. In addition, we introduce a correlation between different barrier films, both commercial and sputtered inorganic coatings on ultra-clean PET, and the lifetime of the developed devices. The results therefore demonstrate an important step in the development of OPV devices from R2R and S2S processes in industrial settings.
关键词： organic solar cells and modules,Roll-to-Roll (R2R),Sheet-to-Sheet (S2S),organic photovoltaics (OPV),slot-die coating,device encapsulation,non-fullerene acceptors
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Perylene Diimide based Organic Photovoltaics with Slot-Die Coated Active Layers from Halogen-Free Solvents in Air at Room Temperature
摘要： Herein, we investigate the role of processing solvent additives on the formation of polymer-perylene diimide bulk-heterojunction active layers for organic photovoltaics using both spin-coating and slot-die coating methods. We compare the effect of 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) and diphenyl ether (DPE) as solvent additives on the aggregation behavior of the non-fullerene acceptor tPDI2N-EH in neat films and blended films with the benzodithiophene-quinoxaline (BDT-QX, QX-3) donor polymer, processed from toluene in air. DIO-processing crystallizes the tPDI2N-EH acceptor and leads to decreased solar cell performance. DPE-processing has a more subtle effect on the bulk-heterojunction morphology and leads to improved solar cell performance. Comparing spin vs. slot-die coating methods, the effect of DPE is prominent for slot-die coated active layers. While similar device power conversion efficiencies are achieved with active layers coated with both methods (ca. 7.3% vs. 6.5%), the use of DPE improves film quality when the slot-die coating method is employed.
关键词： Organic photovoltaics,Halogen-free processing,Perylene diimide,Slot-die coating,Solvent additive,Diphenyl ether,Quinoxaline,Morphology control
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22